Assessment of risk factors associated with spread of tuberculosis in Gujrat city Pakistan

Year 2019, Issue: 39, 41 - 60, 30.12.2019

Muhammad Mıandad , Muhammad Mushahid Anwar Shawaz Ahmed Ghani Rahman Mehtab Ahmed Khan

https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0023

Abstract

Like other cities of Pakistan, Gujrat is also facing problems to eradicate tuberculosis. The current paper is an effort to highlight the risk factors which are
responsible for the spread of tuberculosis in the urban areas of Gujrat city. Tuberculosis data were collected from the District Health Officer, the National
Tuberculosis Control Program and the Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hospital, Gujrat. Data were analyzed temporally from 2013 to 2016, which showed the escalation
of TB cases. Questionnaire survey-based data were analyzed in Principal Component Analysis using SPSS software. Three factors were extracted from the
PCA. Factor 1 revealed the highest correlation of 37 variables. On the basis of the highest loadings of variables, Factor I was named as the socio-ecological
and demographic status. It is evident from Factor I that tuberculosis has the highest relation with social, ecological and demographic factors in the study
area. Factor II is named as the socio-economic and ecological factors, and indicates the relationship of social, economic and ecological factors of the disease.
There is an urgent need to evaluate the vulnerable population of urban areas on a priority basis, i.e Moinuddin pur, Kanjah, Adhowal, and Madina UCs.
Unplanned urbanization, poor garbage disposal, lack of recreational facilities, poverty, and poor management of the city, accessibility to health facilities,
diet and diagnosis are favorable factors for disease transmission.

Keywords

Tuberculosis, risk factors, health, Gujrat

Pakistan’ın Gujrat kentinde tüberkülozun yayılması ile ilişkili risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Pakistan’ın diğer şehirleri gibi Gujrat da tüberkülozu ortadan kaldırma çabası içerisindedir. Bu çalışma Gujrat’ın şehir bölgelerinde tüberkülozun yayılmasına
neden olan faktörleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Tüberküloza ait veriler bölge sağlık görevlileri, Ulusal Tüberküloz Kontrol Programı ve Aziz Bhatti Shaheed
Hastanesi’nden toplanmıştır. 2013 - 2016 aralığına ait veriler tüberkülozda artış olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Saha anketlerinden toplanan verilere SPSS
yazılımıyla temel bileşen analizi uygulanmıştır. Bu analizden sonucunda tüberkülozu arttıran 3 faktör saptanmıştır. 37 değişken arasındaki en yüksek
korelasyonu gösteren ve tüberkülozun yayılmasında en yüksek paya sahip olan faktör sosyoekolojik ve demografik özelliklerdir. İkinci sırada yer alan faktör
sosyoekonomik faktördür. Moinuddin pur, Kanjah, Adhowal ve Madina acil eylem gerektiren, hassas nüfusun çoğunlukta olduğu bölgelerdir. Plansız
şehirleşme, yetersiz atık yönetimi, rekreasyonel birimlerin azlığı, yoksulluk, kötü şehir yönetimi, sağlık birimlerine erişimdeki zorluklar hastalığın yayılmasına
neden olan önemli etmenlerdir.

Keywords

Tüberküloz, risk faktörleri, sağlık, Gujrat

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