Paleovegetation Researches Based on Fossil Pollen Analysis in Akgöl (Sakarya): Preliminary Results

Year 2020, Issue: 40, 219 - 230, 03.04.2020

Nurgül Karlıoğlu Kılıç Rüya Yılmaz Dağdeviren Dursun Acar Melda Küçükdemirci Özlem Makaroğlu M. Ömer Karaöz Damla Şahin Altun Ahmet Tutar Ayhan Horuz Ali Gürel Zahidul Islam M. Namık Çağatay

https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0021

Abstract

Fossil pollen analyzes include research of pollen grains from various environments such as lake sediments, peatland, river and marine sediments, glaciers, lignite and coal. Lakes are one of the important data sources for Quaternary palynological studies. Akgöl, which is selected as a research area, is located in Gölkent district of the Ferizli township in the provincial city of Sakarya. Its surface area is 3.5 km2 and its maximum depth is 8 meters. The aim of this study was to investigate vegetation changes around Akgöl in the last 1000 years using fossil pollen analysis in the bottom sediments of the lake. The Piston corer of ITU EMCOL Research Centre was used for recovering sediment cores from Akgöl. Sediment samples of 2 cm3 were collected every 5 centimeters on one of the cores at the Palynology Laboratory of IUC. Fossil pollen analysis was performed according to the “classical method”. The pollen percentage values were calculated for each plant taxa and relative abundance graphs were plotted in the TILIA program. According to preliminary results of the pollen diagram; deciduous forest vegetation has been predominant in the last 1000 years around Akgöl. Maritime pine was introduced into this natural forest by plantation in the recent years.

Keywords

Akgöl, Pollen Analysis, Vegetation Change

Akgöl’de (Sakarya) Fosil Polen Analizine Dayalı Paleovejetasyon Araştırmaları: İlk Bulgular

Abstract

Fosil polen analizleri göl çökelleri, turbalıklar, akarsu ve deniz sedimanları, buzullar, linyitler ve taş kömürleri gibi çeşitli ortamlardan elde edilen polenlerin araştırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Kuvaterner dönemine ait palinolojik çalışmaların önemli veri kaynaklarından biri de göllerdir. Araştırma alanı olarak seçilen Akgöl, Sakarya ilinde, Ferizli ilçesinin Gölkent mahallesinde bulunmaktadır. Gölün yüzölçümü 3,5 km2 ve maksimum derinliği 8 m’dir. Bu çalışmanın amacı: gölün dip sedimanlarında fosil polen analizleri yaparak gölün çevresinde son 1000 yılda meydana gelen vejetasyon değişimlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Akgöl’den karot alımında İTÜ EMCOL Araştırma Uygulama Merkezi’nin 4x4 m. platformlu piston karotiyeri kullanılmıştır. İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Orman Fakültesi Orman Botaniği Anabilim Dalında bulunan Palinoloji Laboratuvarı’na getirilen karot üzerinde her 5 cm’de bir 2 cm3 lük sediman örnekleri alınmıştır. Bu örneklerde “klasik yönteme” göre fosil polen analizi yapılmıştır. Hazırlanan polen preparatlarında her bir bitki taksonu için polen yüzdesi değerleri hesaplanmış, odunsu ve otsu taksonlara ait yüzde grafikleri TILIA adlı programda çizilmiştir. Polen diyagramından elde edilen ilk bulgulara göre; Akgöl ve çevresinde son 1000 yılda yaprak döken orman vejetasyonu hâkimdir. Bu doğal orman varlığının içine son yıllarda Gymnospermae taksonlarından sahil çamları da dikim yoluyla getirilmiştir.

Keywords

Akgöl, Polen Analizi, Vejetasyon Değişimi

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