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إمكانية التكليف الشرعي دراسة بين النّظر الشرعي والفهم الكلامي

Year 2017, Issue: 36, 133 - 166, 30.06.2017

Abstract

خلق الله تعالى الإنسان وكرّمه، ومن
مواطن التكريم أنَّ الله تعالى حمّله أمانة التكليف وجعله مسؤولا عن تصرفاته،
ليسْعد هو وبنو جنسه في الدنيا والآخرة، وقد شاء الله أنْ يكون التّكليف وفْق
القدرة العقلية والعضلية والمالية، وقد دلّت على ذلك نصوص كثيرة من القرآن
والسُّنة، ومع هذا نادى الأشعري بأنَّ لله أنْ يكلَّف عباده فوق قُدَرِهم.فكيف نشأ
هذا القول رغم يُسْر الشريعة؟ وما مبرراته التاريخية والفلسفية؟ وما المقصود
بالضبط فيما عُرف عند المتكلمين بتكليف ما لايُطاق؟ وما أثر تنزيه الله تعالى في
إثارة هذه القضية بين المتكلمين؟ وهل ثَم مفردات فقهية واقعية تدل على هذا التوجه؟



الإجابة عن هذه الأسئلة هي محور هذه
الدِّراسة.

References

  • İbn Hemmam, el-Kemâl, el-Matbaatu’l-Kubra, 1. Baskı, Mısır, 1317.

Şer’i Sorumluluk Meselesi

Year 2017, Issue: 36, 133 - 166, 30.06.2017

Abstract

Yüce Tanrı insanı yaratmış ve ona değer vermiştir. Değer vermenin bir
boyutu da, Yüce Tanrı’nın gerek kendisinin gerekseebna-i cinsinin dünya ve
ahirette mutlu olabilmesi için, insana sorumluluk emanetini yüklemesi ve onu
yaptıklarından dolayı sorumlu kılmasıdır. Tanrı; sorumluluğun akli, fiziki ve
mali kapasitesiyle uyumlu olmasını dilemiştir.
Bu hususa gerek
Kur’an’dan, gerekse sünnetten birçok metin işaret etmektedir. Bununla
birlikteEş'arî, güçleri nisbetinde kullarına zor sorumluluklar yükleyebileceğini
söylemektedir. Dindeki kolaylık ilkesine rağmen bu görüş nasıl ortaya
çıkmıştır, bunun tarihi ve felsefi gerekçeleri nelerdir, kelamcılar arasında
‘teklif-i malayutak/güç yetirilmesi zor sorumluluk’ tam olarak ne
kastedilmektedir? Yüce Tanrı’nın bütün kusurlardan münezzeh olduğu anlayışının,
söz konusu görüşün kelamcılar arasında yayılmasındaki etkisi nedir? Bu
bağlamda, acaba bu görüşe işaret eden güncel birtakım fıkhi kavramlar var
mıdır? İşte sözü edilen soruların cevapları, bu çalışmanın ana merkezini
oluşturmaktadır. 

References

  • İbn Hemmam, el-Kemâl, el-Matbaatu’l-Kubra, 1. Baskı, Mısır, 1317.

Man's Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari'ah vs. Theology

Year 2017, Issue: 36, 133 - 166, 30.06.2017

Abstract

God has created
Man and honored him, and one manifestation of this honoring is that God has
commissioned Man and made him responsible for his actions. This commissioning
or accountability, in fact, brings nothing to Man but happiness in this life
and the hereafter. However, God has commissioned Man according to Man’s mental
ability, physical strength, and financial capacity, as evidenced by many texts
from the Quran and Sunnah. Nevertheless, Al-Ash’ari believed that Man’s
accountability could exceed his capacity, and some others followed him in this
belief. So, what stands beyond this peculiar belief, which is totally counters the
known ease of Shariah? Does it have any historical or philosophical background?
Before answering these questions, the paper attempts to define, according to
theologians, the theory of accountability beyond human capacity, and it touches
on its relation to attaching unbecoming things to God. The paper also attempts
to discover any example that might support such belief.

References

  • İbn Hemmam, el-Kemâl, el-Matbaatu’l-Kubra, 1. Baskı, Mısır, 1317.
There are 1 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Hattaf

Publication Date June 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 36

Cite

APA Hattaf, H. (2017). Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology(36), 133-166.
AMA Hattaf H. Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. June 2017;(36):133-166.
Chicago Hattaf, Hasan. “Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah Vs. Theology”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 36 (June 2017): 133-66.
EndNote Hattaf H (June 1, 2017) Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 36 133–166.
IEEE H. Hattaf, “Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology”, Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 36, pp. 133–166, June 2017.
ISNAD Hattaf, Hasan. “Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah Vs. Theology”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 36 (June 2017), 133-166.
JAMA Hattaf H. Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2017;:133–166.
MLA Hattaf, Hasan. “Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah Vs. Theology”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 36, 2017, pp. 133-66.
Vancouver Hattaf H. Man’s Accountability for Deeds in Islam: Shari’ah vs. Theology. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2017(36):133-66.