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Year 2014, Issue: 30, 63 - 100, 25.05.2015

Nicole Kançal Ferrari

Abstract

   Representations  of  Prophets  in  The  Christian  and  Islamic  World:  An  Evaluation    This  article  is  a  general  introduction  to  prophetic  representation  in  both  Christian  and  Islamic  religions   through   art   and   visuals   from   the   ancient   until   current   day.   The   following   questions   are  examined  specifically:  Which  prophets  haven  been  depicted  either  through  cultural  or  artistic  repre-­‐‑sentations   in   both   religions?   To   which   cultural   or   historical   environment   do   the   representations   be-­‐‑long?  The  nature  of  the  representations  produced  in  various  periods  and  contexts  will  also  be  investi-­‐‑gated.  

Keywords

 representation  depiction  representation  in  Islam  prophet  representation  of  the  

References

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  • And,Metin, Osmanlı Tasvir Sanatları: 1 Minyatür, İstanbul, 2004.
  • Bağcı, S., Çağman, F., Renda, G., Tanındı, Z., Ottoman Painting, Ankara, 2010.
  • Bağcı, Serpil - Massumeh Farhad, Falnama, The Book of Omens, London, 2009
  • Bağcı, Serpil, “A New Theme of the Shirazi Frontispiece Miniatures: The Divan of Solomon”, Muqarnas, Vol.12, s. 101-111.
  • Bağcı, Serpil, “Old Images for new Texts and Contexts: Wandering Ima-ges in Islamic Book Painting”, Muqarnas, Vol. 21, Essays in Honor of J.M. Ro-gers, 2004, s. 21-32.
  • Bayram, Sadi, “Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünde bulunan 1682 tarihli Silsi-le-Nâme”, Silsile-nâme, Ankara, 2000.
  • Belting, Hans, Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art, University of Chicago Press, 1997.
  • Berlekamp, Bersis, Wonder, Image & Cosmos in Medieval Islam, Yale Uni-versity Press, New Haven and London, 2011.
  • Besançon, Alain, The Forbidden Image, An Intellectual History of Iconoclasm, The University of Chicago Press, 2000.
  • Birişik, Abdülhamit, “İsrâiliyat, Tefsir”, TDV, Cilt 23, s. 199-202.
  • Blair, Sheila (ed.), A Compendium of Chronicles: Rashid al-Din’s İllustrated History of the World, London, 1995.
  • Boozari, Ali, Çihil Tûfân: Berresî-yi Tesâvir-i Çâp-i Sengî-yi Tûfânu'l-bukâ fî makteli'ş-şuhedâ (Ulrich Marzolph'un Ön Sözü ile), Tahran h.ş. 1390/2012.
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  • Burckhardt, Titus, Chartres and the Birth of the Cathedral, World Wis-dom, 2010.
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  • Didron, M., Christian Iconography, London,1851,
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  • Eryılmaz, Fatma Sinem, “From Adam to Süleyman: Visual Representations of Authority in ‘Arif’s Shâhnama-yi Âl-i ‘Osman”, Writing History at the Otto-man Court, Editing the Past, Fashioning the Future, H.Erdem Çıpa & Emine Fetvacı (ed.), Indiana University Press, 2013, s.100-128.
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  • Gruber, Christine, “When Nubuvvat encounters Valâyat: Safavid Pain-tings of the Prophet Mohammad’s Mi’raj, c.1500-50,” The Art and Material Cultu-re of Iranian Shi’ism, I.B. Tauris, 2012, s. 46-73.
  • Gruber, Christiane J., The Ilkhanid Book of Ascension: A Persian-Sunni De-votional Tale, Tauris Academic Studies, 2010.
  • Gülersoy, Tuncer, “Ali”, TDV, Cilt , s. 379.
  • Güngör, Şeyma, Hadikatü’s Sü’eda, Ankara, 1987.
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  • Hatipoğlu, İbrahim, “İsrâiliyat”, TDV, Cilt 23, s. 195-199.
  • Jensen, R.M., Understanding Early Christian Art, Routledge, 2000.
  • Kadoi, Yuka, Islamic Chinoiseries, The Art of Mongol Iran, Edinburgh, 2009
  • Khosronejad, Pedram (ed.), The Art and Material Culture of Iranian Shi’ism, Iconography and Religious Devotion in Shi’i Islam, I.B. Tauris, 2012.
  • Kitabı-Mukaddes, İstanbul, 2005.
  • Klausen, Jytte, The Cartoons that Shook the World, Yale University Press, 2009.
  • Koch, Ebba, “The Mughal Emperor As Solomon, Majnun, And Orpheus, Or The Album As A Think Tank for Allegory”, Muqarnas, Vol.27,2010, s. 277-312.
  • Mahir, Banu, Osmanlı Minyatür Sanatı, İstanbul, 2005.
  • Mâle, Emile, L'Art religieux après le Concile de Trente, étude sur l'iconograp-hie de la fin du XVIe, du XVIIe et du XVIIIe siècles en Italie, en France, en Espagne et en Flandre, Paris, 1932.
  • Mâle,Emile, Religious Art from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century, edited with new material by Mâle, New York, 1959.
  • Masterpieces of Persian Painting, Tehran, 2005.
  • Mc Carthy, D.J.,“Prophecy (in the Bible)”, “Prophet”, New Catholic Encyc-lopedia, Cilt 11, 861, 866-867.
  • Michael Rogers, “Mehmet the Conqueror: Between East and West”, Bel-lini and the East, The National Gallery London, 2005, pp. 80-97.
  • Milstein, Rachel, Miniature Painting in Ottoman Baghdad, Mazda Publis-hers, 1990.
  • Muhammad Refi Khan, Hamla-i Haydari, Hindistan, 1808.
  • Naef, Silvia, Y a-t-il une “Question de l’Image” en Islam?, Paris, 2004.
  • Natif, Mika, “The Painter’s Breath and Concepts of Idol Anxiety in Isla-mic Art”, Idol Anxiety, ed. Josh Ellenbogen-Aaron Tugendhaft, Stanford Univer-sity Press, 2011, s.41-55.
  • Newid, Mehr Ali, Der Shiitische Islam in Bildern, Rituale und Heilige, München, 2006.
  • Olin, Margaret, The Nation without Art. Examining Modern Discourses on Jewish Art, University of Nebraska Press, 2001.
  • Pancaroğlu, Oya, “Signs in the Horizons: Concepts of Image and Boun-dary in a Medieval Persian Cosmography.” Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics, 43, 2003, pp. 31-41.
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  • Panofsky, Erwin, „Imago Pietatis“. Ein Beitrag zur Typengeschichte des „Schmerzensmanns“ und der „Maria Mediatrix“, Festschrift für Max J. Fri-edländer zum 60. Geburtstage, Leipzig 1927, s. 261-308.
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HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2014, Issue: 30, 63 - 100, 25.05.2015

Nicole Kançal Ferrari

Abstract

Makalede,  peygamberler özelinde Hristiyanlığın ve İslam dininin sanat pratikleri ve bugüne kadar üretilen görsellerin genel bir tanıtımı yapılmaktadır. Bu iki dinin kültürel üretim ve sanatında hangi peygamberin nasıl tasvir edildiği ve bu tasvirlerin hangi tarihsel ve kültürel ortama ait oldukları sorusuna cevap aranmakta; farklı dönem ve bağlamlarda üretilen temsillerin doğaları irdelenmektedir.Hristiyanlıkta ilk yüzyıllardan itibaren tasvirler mevcuttur, çünkü Hıristiyanlıktaki anlatım, görsel bir ikonografya üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Kiliselerde erken dönemden itibaren inanç sistemine uygun olarak tasvir programları yerleştirilmiştir. Bu tasvir programları çerçevesinde, hem Hz. İsa ve Hz. Meryem’i içeren anıtsal temalar, hem de Eski ve Yeni Ahit’ten sahneler karşılıklı olarak yer almaktadır.İslam kültüründe peygamberleri tasvir etme pratikleri çok daha geç başlamış ve belli bir çerçevenin dışına çıkmamıştır.  Tasvirler, buna Hz. Muhammed’in (sav) tasvirleri de dahil, kitap resimleri, yani minyatürler olarak vardır. 13.yy-17.yy’llara ait, değişik kitaplarda yer alan, çok sayıda peygamber resimlerine rastlanmaktadır. Daha sonraki dönemlerde peygamberlerin kullandıkları eşyalar ile temsilen gösterilmesi tercih edilmiştir.

Keywords

tasvir İslami tasvir peygamber peygamber tasviri Hıristiyan sanatı Hz. Muhammed (sav) minyatür

References

  • Al-Ani, Salsal Muhammad, The Early Representations of the Prophet Mu-hammad with Special Reference to the Mi'raj Scenes, British Library, 1979.
  • And,Metin, Osmanlı Tasvir Sanatları: 1 Minyatür, İstanbul, 2004.
  • Bağcı, S., Çağman, F., Renda, G., Tanındı, Z., Ottoman Painting, Ankara, 2010.
  • Bağcı, Serpil - Massumeh Farhad, Falnama, The Book of Omens, London, 2009
  • Bağcı, Serpil, “A New Theme of the Shirazi Frontispiece Miniatures: The Divan of Solomon”, Muqarnas, Vol.12, s. 101-111.
  • Bağcı, Serpil, “Old Images for new Texts and Contexts: Wandering Ima-ges in Islamic Book Painting”, Muqarnas, Vol. 21, Essays in Honor of J.M. Ro-gers, 2004, s. 21-32.
  • Bayram, Sadi, “Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünde bulunan 1682 tarihli Silsi-le-Nâme”, Silsile-nâme, Ankara, 2000.
  • Belting, Hans, Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art, University of Chicago Press, 1997.
  • Berlekamp, Bersis, Wonder, Image & Cosmos in Medieval Islam, Yale Uni-versity Press, New Haven and London, 2011.
  • Besançon, Alain, The Forbidden Image, An Intellectual History of Iconoclasm, The University of Chicago Press, 2000.
  • Birişik, Abdülhamit, “İsrâiliyat, Tefsir”, TDV, Cilt 23, s. 199-202.
  • Blair, Sheila (ed.), A Compendium of Chronicles: Rashid al-Din’s İllustrated History of the World, London, 1995.
  • Boozari, Ali, Çihil Tûfân: Berresî-yi Tesâvir-i Çâp-i Sengî-yi Tûfânu'l-bukâ fî makteli'ş-şuhedâ (Ulrich Marzolph'un Ön Sözü ile), Tahran h.ş. 1390/2012.
  • Boozari, Ali, Kazâ-yi Bî-zevâl: Nigâhî Tatbîkî be Tesâvir-i Çâp-i Sengî-yi Mirâc-ı Peyâmber (s), Tahran h.ş. 1389/2011.
  • Brend, Barbara, European Influence in Early Mughal Painting, Stuttgart, 1999.
  • Brosh, Na’ama - Rachel Milstein, Biblical Stories in Islamic Painting, Israel Museum, 1991.
  • Burckhardt, Titus, Chartres and the Birth of the Cathedral, World Wis-dom, 2010.
  • Cimok, Fatih, Chora Mosaics and Frescoes, İstanbul, 1987.
  • Didron, M., Christian Iconography, London,1851,
  • https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=iWQMAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&authuser=0&hl=tr&pg=GBS.PP1, erişim 10.11.2013.
  • Elias, Jamal J., “The Icon and the Idol”, Aisha’s Cushion, Religious Art, Per-ception, and Practice in Islam, Harvard University Press, 2012, s.43-83.
  • Eryılmaz, Fatma Sinem, “From Adam to Süleyman: Visual Representations of Authority in ‘Arif’s Shâhnama-yi Âl-i ‘Osman”, Writing History at the Otto-man Court, Editing the Past, Fashioning the Future, H.Erdem Çıpa & Emine Fetvacı (ed.), Indiana University Press, 2013, s.100-128.
  • Fitzherbert, Teresa, "Balʻami's Tabari" : an illustrated manuscript of Balʻami's Tarjama-yi Tārīkh-i Ṭabarī in the Freer Gallery of Art, Washington (F59.16, 47.19 and 30.21)”, Doktora Tezi, University of Edinburgh, 2001.
  • Flaskerud, Ingvild, Visualizing Belief and Piety in Iranian Shiism,Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010.
  • Grabar, André, Christian Iconography, A Study of it’s Origins, Princeton University Press, 1968.
  • Gray, Basil, The World History of Rashid Al-Din. A Study of the Royal Asiatic Society Manuscript, London, 1978.
  • Grube, Ernst, “The Date of the Venice İskendernâme”, Islamic Art, Sayı 2, 1987, s.187-195.
  • Gruber, Christiane, “The Rose of the Prophet: Floral Metaphors in Late Ottoman Devotional Art,” Festschrift in Honor of Renata Holod, ed. David Roxburgh, Leiden, 2013.
  • Gruber, Christine, “When Nubuvvat encounters Valâyat: Safavid Pain-tings of the Prophet Mohammad’s Mi’raj, c.1500-50,” The Art and Material Cultu-re of Iranian Shi’ism, I.B. Tauris, 2012, s. 46-73.
  • Gruber, Christiane J., The Ilkhanid Book of Ascension: A Persian-Sunni De-votional Tale, Tauris Academic Studies, 2010.
  • Gülersoy, Tuncer, “Ali”, TDV, Cilt , s. 379.
  • Güngör, Şeyma, Hadikatü’s Sü’eda, Ankara, 1987.
  • Hasanov, Eldar, Yahudilikte Nübüvvet Anlayışı, http://www.sonpeygamber.info/yahudilikte-nubuvvet-anlayisi, erişim 16.07.2013.
  • Hasanov, Eldar, Yahudilikte Peygamberlik Geleneği, http://www.sonpeygamber.info/yahudilikte-peygamberlik-gelenegi, erişim 16.07.2013.
  • Hatipoğlu, İbrahim, “İsrâiliyat”, TDV, Cilt 23, s. 195-199.
  • Jensen, R.M., Understanding Early Christian Art, Routledge, 2000.
  • Kadoi, Yuka, Islamic Chinoiseries, The Art of Mongol Iran, Edinburgh, 2009
  • Khosronejad, Pedram (ed.), The Art and Material Culture of Iranian Shi’ism, Iconography and Religious Devotion in Shi’i Islam, I.B. Tauris, 2012.
  • Kitabı-Mukaddes, İstanbul, 2005.
  • Klausen, Jytte, The Cartoons that Shook the World, Yale University Press, 2009.
  • Koch, Ebba, “The Mughal Emperor As Solomon, Majnun, And Orpheus, Or The Album As A Think Tank for Allegory”, Muqarnas, Vol.27,2010, s. 277-312.
  • Mahir, Banu, Osmanlı Minyatür Sanatı, İstanbul, 2005.
  • Mâle, Emile, L'Art religieux après le Concile de Trente, étude sur l'iconograp-hie de la fin du XVIe, du XVIIe et du XVIIIe siècles en Italie, en France, en Espagne et en Flandre, Paris, 1932.
  • Mâle,Emile, Religious Art from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century, edited with new material by Mâle, New York, 1959.
  • Masterpieces of Persian Painting, Tehran, 2005.
  • Mc Carthy, D.J.,“Prophecy (in the Bible)”, “Prophet”, New Catholic Encyc-lopedia, Cilt 11, 861, 866-867.
  • Michael Rogers, “Mehmet the Conqueror: Between East and West”, Bel-lini and the East, The National Gallery London, 2005, pp. 80-97.
  • Milstein, Rachel, Miniature Painting in Ottoman Baghdad, Mazda Publis-hers, 1990.
  • Muhammad Refi Khan, Hamla-i Haydari, Hindistan, 1808.
  • Naef, Silvia, Y a-t-il une “Question de l’Image” en Islam?, Paris, 2004.
  • Natif, Mika, “The Painter’s Breath and Concepts of Idol Anxiety in Isla-mic Art”, Idol Anxiety, ed. Josh Ellenbogen-Aaron Tugendhaft, Stanford Univer-sity Press, 2011, s.41-55.
  • Newid, Mehr Ali, Der Shiitische Islam in Bildern, Rituale und Heilige, München, 2006.
  • Olin, Margaret, The Nation without Art. Examining Modern Discourses on Jewish Art, University of Nebraska Press, 2001.
  • Pancaroğlu, Oya, “Signs in the Horizons: Concepts of Image and Boun-dary in a Medieval Persian Cosmography.” Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics, 43, 2003, pp. 31-41.
  • Panofsky, Erwin, İkonografi ve İkonoloji Renaissance Sanatının İncelenmesi-ne Giriş, İstanbul, 1995.
  • Panofsky, Erwin, „Imago Pietatis“. Ein Beitrag zur Typengeschichte des „Schmerzensmanns“ und der „Maria Mediatrix“, Festschrift für Max J. Fri-edländer zum 60. Geburtstage, Leipzig 1927, s. 261-308.
  • Raeder, Siegfried, “The Exegetical and Hermeneutical Work of Martin Luther”, Hebrew Bible / Old Testament, Cilt 2, 2008, s. 363-451.
  • Rasmussen, Tarald, “Bridging the Middle Ages and the Renaissance: Biblia Pauperum, their Genre and Hermeneutical Significance”, Hebrew Bible / Old Testament: The History of Its Interpretation 2: From the Renaissance to the En-lightenment, Cilt 2, Göttingen, 2008, s. 76-93.
  • Renda, Günsel, “Chester Beatty Kitaplığı’ndaki Zübdet’üt Tevarih ve Minyatürleri”, Prof. Dr. Bekir Kütükoğlu’na Armağan, İstanbul, 1991, s. 485-506.
  • Renda, Günsel, “Üç Zübdetü’t-Tevarih Yazmasının İncelenmesi”, Anka-ra, 1969, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi.
  • Sachs, Hannelore, Badstüber, Ernst, Neumann, Helga, Christliche Ikonog-rafie in Stichworten, Leipzig, 1988.
  • Schiller, Gertrude, Iconography of Christian Art, London, 1972,
  • Schimmel, Annemarie, Die Zeichen Gottes. Die religiöse Welt des Islam, München, 2003.
  • Schlaeppi, Ch., Schlup, B., Zahnd, M., Staehli, M., “Die Sakralarchitektur als baulicher Ausdruck der Glaubensinhalte”, Machs na, Materialien zum Berner Münster, Bern, 1993, s.228-229.
  • Schonborn, Christopher, Kraugh, Lothar, Icôn du Christ: Fondements théo-logiques élaborés entre le Ie et IIe Conciles de Nicée, Fribourg 1976.
  • Sir Thomas W. Arnold, Painting in Islam, New York, 1965.
  • Soucek, Priscilla, “The Life of the Prophet: Illustrated Versions”, Content and Context of Visual Arts in the Islamic World, ed. Priscilla Soucek, University Park and London: Pennsylvania State University Press, , 1988, s. 173-218.
  • Subhatu’l-Ahbar, İstanbul, 1982.
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There are 86 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nicole Kançal Ferrari

Publication Date May 25, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 30

Cite

APA Kançal Ferrari, N. (2015). HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology(30), 63-100.
AMA Kançal Ferrari N. HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. May 2015;(30):63-100.
Chicago Kançal Ferrari, Nicole. “HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 30 (May 2015): 63-100.
EndNote Kançal Ferrari N (May 1, 2015) HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 30 63–100.
IEEE N. Kançal Ferrari, “HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”, Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 30, pp. 63–100, May 2015.
ISNAD Kançal Ferrari, Nicole. “HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 30 (May 2015), 63-100.
JAMA Kançal Ferrari N. HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2015;:63–100.
MLA Kançal Ferrari, Nicole. “HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, no. 30, 2015, pp. 63-100.
Vancouver Kançal Ferrari N. HIRİSTİYAN VE İSLÂM DÜNYASINDAKİ PEYGAMBER TASVİRLERİ: BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2015(30):63-100.
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