Ekonomik, Finansal ve Politik Risk ile Büyüme Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin ekonomik, finansal ve politik risk oranları ile büyüme arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada 2000:01– 2020:06 döneminde söz konusu risk oranları ile büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi, Hatemi-J tarafından geliştirilen Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi ve zamanla değişen simetrik ve asimetrik nedensellik testleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular şu şekildedir: (i) Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testine göre; finansal riskten büyümeye, ekonomik riskten finansal riske ve ekonomik riskten politik riske doğru nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. (ii) Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testine göre finansal riskten büyümeye doğru nedensellik ilişkisi vardır. Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto asimetrik nedensellik testine göre; finansal riskteki pozitif şok büyümede pozitif şoka, finansal riskteki negatif şok büyümede negatif şoka ve politik riskteki negatif şok ise büyümede pozitif şoka yol açmaktadır. (iii) Zamanla değişen simetrik nedensellik testine göre nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu dönemler; ekonomik riskten büyümeye doğru, finansal riskten büyümeye doğru ve politik riskten büyümeye doğru tespit edilmiştir. Zamanla değişen asimetrik nedensellik testine göre nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu dönemler; ekonomik riskteki negatif şokun büyümedeki pozitif şoka ekonomik riskteki pozitif şokun büyümedeki negatif şoka; finansal riskteki negatif şokun büyümedeki pozitif şoka, finansal riskteki pozitif şokun büyümedeki negatif şoka etkilerini göstermektedir. Ancak söz konusu dönemde sadece politik riskteki pozitif şokun büyümede negatif şoka neden olduğu dönem görülmektedir.

Keywords

• Ekonomik risk
• Finansal risk
• Politik risk
• Ekonomik büyüme
• Nedensellik analizi

Causality Relationship Between Economic, Financial, Political Risk and Growth: The Case of Turkey

Abstract

This study aims to examine the causality relationship between Turkey’s economic, financial and political risk ratios and growth. Toda-Yamamoto causality, Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto causality, and time-varying symmetric and asymmetric causality tests were used to examine the relationship between the risk ratios and growth between 2000- 2020. The findings show that (i) The Toda-Yamamoto causality test shows a causal relationship between financial risk and growth, economic risk and financial risk, and economic risk and political risk. (ii) The Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto causality test revealed a causal relationship between financial risk and growth. The Bootstrap Toda‑Yamamoto, asymmetric causality test, showed that a positive shock in financial risk causes a positive shock in growth, a negative shock in financial risk causes a negative shock in growth, and a negative shock in political risk causes a positive shock in growth. (iii) The time-varying relationship symmetric causality tests allowed for detecting causality between economic risk and growth, financial risk and growth, and political risk and growth. The time-varying relationship asymmetric causality tests revealed that a negative shock in economic risk caused a positive shock in growth; a positive shock in economic risk caused a negative shock in growth; a negative shock in financial risk caused a positive shock in growth and demonstrated the effects of the positive shock in financial risk as a negative shock in growth. However, a negative shock in growth was only observed when there was a positive shock in political risk.

Keywords

• Economic risk
• Financial risk
• Political risk
• Economic growth
• Causality analysis

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