ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW

Volume: 79 Number: 1 April 19, 2016
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ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW

Abstract

Objective: The nutrient foramina are reported as a cause for union defects in humerus, radius and ulna fractures. We aimed to review the relationship between the anatomy of the nutrient foramina and fractures of these bones.

Materials and Methods: We performed an internet search via Pubmed and Google Scholar. We obtained full-text articles of 27 papers. We included 23 articles in our study. Eight studies investigated only humerus, 1 investigated radius, 1 investigated ulna, 1 investigated radius and ulna, and 12 investigated all three bones. We used additional 21 articles for a clinical viewpoint. Therefore 44 references were included in our study.

Results: For humerus, foraminal index (the ratio of the distance between nutrient foramen and proximal end of the bone to total bone length) ranged between 32.7 and 59.1, and mostly the foramina located at the anteromedial surface. For radius, foraminal index ranged between 32.7 and 44.52, and mostly the foramina located at the anterior surface. For ulna, foraminal index ranged between 35.7 and 41.97, and mostly the foramina located at the anterior surface.

Conclusion: The number and location of the foramina are concordant among different ethical groups. The most common site of union defects for humerus is the proximal 1/3. This complication is attributed to the attachments of strong skeletal muscles to this region. In forearm, non-unions tend to occur at the distal 1/3. At this region, blood supply is diminished due to the decrease of number of branches from the nutrient artery.


Keywords

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

-

Publication Date

April 19, 2016

Submission Date

December 7, 2015

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2016 Volume: 79 Number: 1

APA
Korkmaz, E., Gürses, İ. A., Gayretli, Ö., & Öztürk, A. (2016). ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 79(1), 32-37. https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.22186
AMA
1.Korkmaz E, Gürses İA, Gayretli Ö, Öztürk A. ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2016;79(1):32-37. doi:10.18017/iuitfd.22186
Chicago
Korkmaz, Esranur, İlke Ali Gürses, Özcan Gayretli, and Adnan Öztürk. 2016. “ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 79 (1): 32-37. https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.22186.
EndNote
Korkmaz E, Gürses İA, Gayretli Ö, Öztürk A (April 1, 2016) ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 79 1 32–37.
IEEE
[1]E. Korkmaz, İ. A. Gürses, Ö. Gayretli, and A. Öztürk, “ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW”, İst Tıp Fak Derg, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 32–37, Apr. 2016, doi: 10.18017/iuitfd.22186.
ISNAD
Korkmaz, Esranur - Gürses, İlke Ali - Gayretli, Özcan - Öztürk, Adnan. “ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 79/1 (April 1, 2016): 32-37. https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.22186.
JAMA
1.Korkmaz E, Gürses İA, Gayretli Ö, Öztürk A. ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2016;79:32–37.
MLA
Korkmaz, Esranur, et al. “ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 79, no. 1, Apr. 2016, pp. 32-37, doi:10.18017/iuitfd.22186.
Vancouver
1.Esranur Korkmaz, İlke Ali Gürses, Özcan Gayretli, Adnan Öztürk. ANATOMY OF THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN ON THE HUMERUS, RADIUS AND ULNA: A REVIEW. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2016 Apr. 1;79(1):32-7. doi:10.18017/iuitfd.22186

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