Research Article

Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant

Volume: 28 Number: 2 December 18, 2018
TR EN

Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant

Abstract

During the 18th century, the development of gender and sexuality in the modern Western world was under tremendous impact of visual and literary culture. Considering this, by examining Addison’s Cato. A Tragedy. By Mr. Addison. Without the Love Scenes (1764) (Latin version) and Lillo’s The London Merchant (1731), this article analyzes the masculine features of the characters of 18th-century tragedies in England and investigates the reasons behind the dismissal and belittlement of love scenes and feminine qualities in those tragedies. In comedies, women and their qualities were openly ridiculed, while in tragedies, masculine values and patriarchal rules were overtly protected. Depicting societal norms and ideals, Cato and The London Merchant portray the evolving notions of masculinity.
Despite increasing female influence in political and social culture, love, often associated with feminine qualities, was belittled in domestic and public domains. In doing so, playwrights either entirely ignored the idea of using female characters in their plays, thus creating contextual errors of portraying husbands without wives or sons without mothers, or depicted women as the sources of passion that could potentially destroy society, men in particular. Therefore, the concept of love was neglected, undervalued, or dismissed, with playwrights rather offering patriotic or capitalist virtues to substitute the idea of love so that their plays would be deemed as appropriate for public appreciation. They also did not include any signs of sentiment, which was considered the reason behind a considerable decline in tragedies.

Keywords

References

  1. Abrams, M. H. (1999). A glossary of literary terms. Boston, MS: Heinle & Heinle.
  2. Addison, J. (2004) Cato: A tragedy and selected essays. Indianapolis,Indiana: Liberty Fund.
  3. Addison, J. (2010). Cato: A tragedy. By Mr. Addison. Without the love scenes. New York, NY: Gale ECCO.
  4. Cowley, H. (2016). The Belle’s Strategem. London, UK: Wentworth Press.
  5. Curtis-Wendlandt, L. (2013). Staging virtue: Women, death, and liberty in Elise Reimarus’s Cato. Journal of the History of Ideas, 74(1), 69–92.
  6. Faller, L. B. (1988). The popularity of Addison’s Cato and Lillo’s The London Merchant, 1700-1776. New York, NY: Garland Publishers.
  7. Freeman, L. (2013). Character’s theater: Genre and identity on the eighteenth century English stage. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  8. Freeman, L. (1999). What’s love got to do with Addison’s Cato? Studies in English Literature, 39(3), 463–482.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Creative Arts and Writing

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 18, 2018

Submission Date

August 21, 2018

Acceptance Date

October 25, 2018

Published in Issue

Year 2018 Volume: 28 Number: 2

APA
Gül, S. (2018). Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, 28(2), 233-252. https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX
AMA
1.Gül S. Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant. Litera. 2018;28(2):233-252. https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX
Chicago
Gül, Sinan. 2018. “Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 28 (2): 233-52. https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX.
EndNote
Gül S (December 1, 2018) Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 28 2 233–252.
IEEE
[1]S. Gül, “Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant”, Litera, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 233–252, Dec. 2018, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX
ISNAD
Gül, Sinan. “Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 28/2 (December 1, 2018): 233-252. https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX.
JAMA
1.Gül S. Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant. Litera. 2018;28:233–252.
MLA
Gül, Sinan. “Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, vol. 28, no. 2, Dec. 2018, pp. 233-52, https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX.
Vancouver
1.Sinan Gül. Masculinization of Tragedy in Joseph Addison’s Cato and George Lillo’s The London Merchant. Litera [Internet]. 2018 Dec. 1;28(2):233-52. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA33JR92GX