VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN THE FAMILY WITHIN THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM AND THE TOOLS TO COMBAT THAT

Year 2012, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 1 - 37, 15.12.2013

Gülay Arslan Öncü

Abstract

Domestic violence against women is a worlwide phenomenon. Traditonaly, domestic violence

was recognised as a private matter rather than as a human rights issue. Through the

efforts of the human rights activists, women’s movement and scholars, domestic violence

was put on the UN agenda. General Reccomendation No. 19 of the CEDAW has recognised

domestic violence as a gender-based discrimination for the first time and entegrated

it in the CEDAW system. Within the international human rights law, the State Parties are

under the obligation to combat domestic violence against women, which is recognised

as a gender-based discrimination, notwithstanding it occurs in private or public sphere.

According to the due diligence standarts, States are obliged to protect the victims of the

domestic violence and to prosecute the perpetrators but also to eradicate the roots and

causes of the domestic violence as well. In the judgments of the ECtHR, domestic violence

has been found as a violation of the ECHR and it has been recognised that the State Parties

are under the positive obligations in this issue. Therefore, an integrated approach should

be adopted in order to eliminate domestic violence against women.

Keywords

discrimination, domestic violence against women, due diligence, echr

AVRUPA İNSAN HAKLARI SÖZLEŞMESİ SİSTEMİNDE KADINA KARŞI AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDET OLGUSU VE BUNUNLA MÜCADELE ARAÇLARI

Abstract

Kadına karşı aile içi şiddet dünya çapında bir olgudur. Geleneksel olarak, bir insan hakları

meselesi olarak kabul edilmeyen kadına karşı aile içi şiddet, insan hakları aktivistlerinin,

kadın hareketlerinin ve bu alanda çalışan akademisyenlerin gayretli çabaları sonucunda

BM gündemine girmiştir. KKAOKK’nin 19 numaralı Genel Tavsiyesi ile kadına karşı

şiddet ilk kez toplumsal cinsiyet temelinde bir ayrımcılık biçimi olarak kabul edilmiş ve

kadına karşı şiddet hususunu açıkça düzenlemeyen KKAOKS sistemine entegre edilmiştir.

Uluslararası insan hakları hukukunda toplumsal cinsiyet temelinde bir ayrımcılık biçimi

olarak kabul edilen kadına karşı şiddet, ister özel ister kamusal alanda gerçekleşsin devletin

bununla mücadele etme yükümlülüğü vardır. Due diligence standartlar olarak adlandırılan

bu yükümlülükler uyarınca devlet sadece şiddet mağdurunu koruma, faili cezalandırma

yükümlülüğü altında olmayıp şiddetin köklerini ve nedenlerini de ortadan kaldırma yükümlülüğü

altındadır. Kadına karşı aile içi şiddet, AİHM kararlarında uluslararası insan

hakları hukuku arka planı çerçevesinde incelendiğinde, AİHM’in de bu şiddet biçimini AİHS

ile bağdaşmaz bulduğu ve Taraf Devletlerin bu hususta pozitif yükümlülükleri olduğunu

kabul ettiği görülmektedir. Kadına karşı aile içi şiddetle mücadelede kadının üç kuşak

insan hakları da dikkate alınarak bütüncül bir yaklaşım benimsenmelidir.

Keywords

AİHS, ayrımcılık, bütüncül yaklaşım, due diligence

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