Kadın Kimliğiyle Özdeşleşme ve Kolektif Eylem Arasındaki İlişkide Sosyal Yaratıcılık Stratejilerinin Aracı Rolü

Abstract

Sosyal kimlik kuramı, sosyal yaratıcılık stratejilerinin kolektif eylem yönelimi gibi sosyal değişime yönelik eğilimleri zayıflattığını ve mevcut sosyal statü sistemini pekiştirerek devamlılığını sağladığını öne sürmektedir. Ancak çeşitli bulgular, en azından “iç grubun niteliklerine yüklenen değerleri olumlu yönde değiştirme” stratejisi için durumun böyle olmadığını göstermektedir. Bulgular, iç grupla özdeşleşme arttıkça söz konusu stratejinin bireyleri sosyal rekabete girişmeye ve böylece sosyal değişimi gerçekleştirmeye motive ettiğine işaret etmektedir. Türkiye’de yaşayan 219 kadın üniversite öğrencisiyle yapılan bu araştırmanın temel amacı, özdeşleşme ile kadınların sosyal konumunu iyileştirmeye yönelik kolektif eylemlere katılma yönelimi arasındaki ilişkide sosyal yaratıcılık stratejilerinin aracı rolünü bir yapısal eşitlik modeli içinde incelemektir. Tespit edilebilecek ilişkilerin politik görüşten kaynaklanmadığından emin olmak amacıyla, politik görüş modele kontrol değişkeni olarak dâhil edilmiştir. Mevcut çalışma bir yandan yaratıcılık stratejilerinin kolektif eylem yönelimiyle ilişkisini sınaması diğer yandan özdeşleşme ve kolektif eylem yönelimi arasındaki ilişkide aracı rol oynayan yeni bir mekanizma ortaya koyması açısından özgün bir niteliğe sahiptir. Yapısal eşitlik modelinin sonuçları, kolektif eylem yönelimini karşılaştırma grubunu değiştirme stratejisinin negatif, yeni karşılaştırma boyutu ve kimliğe yüklenen değerleri olumlu yönde değiştirme stratejilerinin ise pozitif yönde yordadığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, katılımcıların politik görüşleri sola kaydıkça kolektif eylem yönelimleri artmaktadır. Kadın kimliğiyle özdeşleşme ve kolektif eylem yönelimi arasındaki ilişkide karşılaştırma grubunu değiştirme negatif, diğer iki strateji pozitif yönde aracı rol oynamaktadır. Bu bulgular, sosyal yaratıcılık stratejilerinin, sosyal eşitsizliği azaltmaya ve statüyü yükseltmeye yönelik olan kolektif eylemler açısından önemli sonuçları olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Bulgulardan hareketle sosyal yaratıcılık stratejilerinin sadece iç grup kimliğine olumlu bir içerik kazandırarak özsaygıyı arttıran, bütünüyle bilişsel nitelikte stratejiler değil, aynı zamanda kolektif eyleme yönelik motivasyonu güçlendiren veya zayıflatan araçlar olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Sosyal yaratıcılık stratejileri
• kolektif eylem yönelimi
• özdeşleşme
• kadın kimliği

The Mediating Role of Social Creativity Strategies in the Relationship Between Identification with Female Identity and Collective Action

Abstract

Social identity theory argues that social creativity strategies undermine tendencies that foster social change, such as collective action orientation, and provide continuity for the existing social status system by reinforcing it. However, various findings indicate that this is not the case, at least for the strategy of “changing value of the in-group dimension”. The findings suggest that as identification with the ingroup increases, this strategy motivates individuals to engage in social competition and thus bring about social change. This study, conducted with 219 female college students in Turkey, aims to examine the mediating role of social creativity strategies in the relationship between identification with female identity and participation in collective actions intended to improve women’s social status through structural equation modeling. Political view was included in the model as a control variable to ensure that the possible relationships were not due to political view. The present study is unique in that it examines the relationship between social creativity strategies and collective action orientation, on the one hand, and reveals a new mechanism that plays a mediating role in the relationship between identification and collective action orientation, on the other. The structural equation modeling results show that changing the out-group strategy negatively predicts collective action orientation, while the new dimension and changing the values strategies predict it positively. In addition, as participants’ political views shift to the left, their collective action orientation increases. In the relationship between identification with female identity and collective action orientation, changing the out-group has a negative mediating role, while the other two strategies play a positive mediating role. These findings indicate that social creativity strategies can have important implications for collective actions aimed at reducing social inequality and increasing social status. Based on the findings, it can be said that social creativity strategies are not only cognitive strategies affirming ingroup identity and enhancing self-esteem but also instruments that reinforce or weaken collective action motivation.

Keywords

• Social creativity strategies
• collective action orientation
• group identification
• female identity

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