Omar b. al-Khattâb, is one of the rare figures in the Pre-Islamic and Islamic period who loves poetry, esteems poets and donates them. He wanted to be a poet thus he knew the place and role of the poem in the Arab society. He classified the poets and poems according to some criteria. Among these criteria there are poetry compliance with the universal principles of Islam, perfection in terms of language and style, telling the truth as it is, not exaggerating the praise and satire, and serving the social life. Omar b. alKhattâb is the first critic, who explained the reasons of his critical provisions in the history of literary criticism.
Ömer b. el-Hattab, Cahiliye ve İslami dönemde şiire sevgisi, şairlere saygısı ve bağışıyla bilinen ender şahsiyetlerden birisidir. Şiirin ve şairin Arap toplumundaki yerini ve rolünü bildiğinden şair olmayı arzu etmiş, bir takım kriterlere göre şairleri ve şiirlerini sınıflandırmaya tabi tutmuştur. Bu kriterlerin başında şiirin İslam'ın evrensel ilkelerine uygunluğu, dil ve üslûp açısından kusursuzluğu, gerçeği olduğu gibi aktarması, şairin övgü ve yergide aşırıya kaçmaması ve toplumsal yaşama hizmet etmesi gibi kriterler yer almaktadır. Edebî eleştiri tarihinde Hz. Ömer, verdiği eleştirel hükümlerin sebeplerini açıklayan ilk eleştirmendir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ömer b. el-Hattab, Edebî eleştiri, Cahiliye dönemi, İslami dönem.
Abstract: Omar b. al-Khattab, is one of the rare figures in the Pre-Islamic and Islamic period who loves poetry, esteems poets and donates them. He wanted to be a poet thus he knew the place and role of the poem in the Arab society. He classified the poets and poems according to some criteria. Among these criteria there are poetry compliance with the universal principles of Islam, perfection in terms of language and style, telling the truth as it is, not exaggerating the praise and satire, and serving the social life. Omar b. al-Khattab is the first critic, who explained the reasons of his critical provisions in the history of literary criticism.
Keywords: Omar b. al-Khattab, literary criticism, pre-Islamic period, Islamic period.Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 11, 2013 |
Published in Issue | Year 2013 Issue: 23 |