The Syntactic Structure of the Persian Verbal Complement Clause

Year 2021, Issue: 39, 237 - 253, 31.10.2021

Solmaz Mahmoodi

Abstract

The verbal complement clause is a principal element of sentence structure that cannot be omitted. A major category of potential complications is elicited by the structural positioning of clausal complements. The determiner phrase embedded complementizer argument is preverbally base generated. In the case of the resistance principle, the tensed (bare) clausal complements must not occupy a cased marked position at some point of derivation. Thus, the bare complementizer phrase argument is positioned to the right of the verb, and the head verb encompasses different properties. This article examines the topicalization of the complement clause, the topicalizing of the constituent verbal (bare) complement clause, the appearance of the topic marker “ra” as well as the case marker “ra”, and two types of the pronominal enclitic, one base generated and the other a copy of the moved constituent. The study demonstrates the Persian word order mix, the head parameter, and the discourse status of “ra” and “ke”. This study uses data analysis to investigate in some detail the relationship between information structure and grammatical associations.

Keywords

Persian language, Verbal complement clause, Topicalization, Syntax, Clitic

Farsça Fiilimsi Yan Tümcenin Sözdizimsel Yapısı

Abstract

Fiilimsi yan tümce cümle yapısının ayrılamayan temel bir ögesidir. Söz dizimi çözümünde yan tümcenin cümledeki yeri her zaman tartışmalı bir konu olmuştur. Bu konu, Farsça gibi fiili sonda gelen dillerde fazla sorun oluşturur. Bu yan tümce temel cümledeki fiilin sonunda türer ve temel cümledeki fiil ona hakimdir; yapısal aşamada temel cümle diziliminden sonra yan tümce başlamaktadır. Bu nedenle “fiilimsi yan tümce” adını alır ve temel cümledeki fiil farklı özelliklere sahiptir. Bu araştırmada, fiilimsi yan tümcenin dışa kaydırma ile iki tür nesne belirleyicisi (ra) ve özne belirleyicisi (ra)nın cümledeki konumları ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca Farsça işlevsel esnek gösteren öge sözdiziminin “ra” ve “ki”li yan tümcelerde dizim durumu da ele alınmış ve örnek sözdizim cümleleriyle analizler yapılıp dilbilgisi ile çözüm yapısı arasındaki ilişkiler ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Farsça, Fiilimsi yan tümce, Dışa kaydırma kuralı, Sözdizim, Biçimce

ساخت نحوی بند متممی فعلی فارسی

Abstract

بند متمم فعلی جزء عناصر اجباری و غیرقابل حذف جمله است. این بند دارای جایگاه اشتقاق در پایه پسافعلی و در نتیجه هسته فعلی مسلط بر آن دارای ویژگی-های متفاوتی است. در این پژوهش به مسئله ی » را « ی مفعولی و » را « امکان مبتداسازی کل ساخت متممی فعلی به ابتدای جمله و حضور دو نوع مبتدایی و نیز حضور دو نوع بست واژه اشتقاق در پایه و واژه-بست حاصل حرکت در های ساخت مرکب مبتداشده، پرداخته می-شود و نشان خواهیم داد زبان فارسی وقتی در فضای کمینه-گرایی کار می-کند مسائلی را برای نظریه کمینه-گرایی پیش می-آورد. زیرا هنوز کمینه-گرایی، در بحث ساختار ی مبتدا پس از اعمال » را « آمیخته، پارامتر هسته، نقض شرط همجواری در حرکت-ها و نیز حضور فرایند مبتداسازی بر ساخت متممی، نمی-تواند به تنهایی برای تبیین داده-های زبان فارسی تحلیلی کارآمد و کامل باشد و از عهده تبیین آنها بربیاید. از ای نرو لزوم رویکردی تعاملی یا وجود بخشی به نام ساخت اطلاع در مدل زایشی ضروری است تا بتواند حرکت-های سبکی، انگیزه حرکت-ها را سامان بدهد و پاسخگوی پیچیدگی-های زبانی همچون فارسی باشد. یعنی بدون در نظرگرفتن چنین رویکرد -تعاملی نمی-توان درباره وابستگی فارسی نگاه کمینه-گرایی داشت.

Keywords

زبان فارسی, بند متممی فعلی, مبتداسازی, نحو، واژ هبست

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