Kalkhedon’daki Apollon Bilicilik Merkezi

Year 2022, , 1 - 14, 20.07.2022

Selin Önder

https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1096605

Abstract

Antik edebi kaynaklar, yazıtlar ve numismatik buluntular az sayıda olsalar da Eskiçağ’da Kalkhedon’da bir Apollon bilicilik merkezinin varlığını ve faaliyetlerini Hellenistik dönemden başlayarak MS 3. yüzyılın başına kadar doğrulamaktadır. Bölgelerüstü bir etki alanı olduğuna dair özellikler gösteren Apollon kutsal alanı, Kalkhedon’un Apollon adına Pythaios ve Khresterios epithetonlarıyla iki kez asylia imtiyazı alarak “kutsal ve dokunulmaz” kabul edildiği yazıtlar vasıtasıyla anlaşılmasının ardından tartışmalara konu olmuştur. Makalede Apollon Khresterios bilicilik merkezine dair var olan bulgular değerlendirilerek, Kalkhedon sınırları içerisinde iki farklı Apollon kutsal alanı olması olasılığı ve lokalizasyon önerileri incelenmiş ve Apollon Khresterios bilicilik merkezinin bölgelerüstü etkisine işaret eden nitelikleri değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Bilicilik, Apollon, Kalkhedon, Khresterios, Pythaios, Kehanet Merkezi, Asylia

Supporting Institution

Makale, Tübitak 2214 A Yurt dışı araştırma bursuyla desteklenen "Anadolu’da Yerel, Yerelüstü ve Bölgelerüstü Bilicilik" adlı (İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eskiçağ Tarihi Bilim Dalı) doktora tezimin bir bölümüne kısmen dayanmaktadır

Oracle of Apollo in Kalkhedon

Abstract

Ancient literary sources, inscriptions, and numismatic evidence, although few, attest to the existence and activities of an oracular center of Apollo in Kalkhedon, starting from the Hellenistic period until the beginning of the 3rd century AD. This oracle, exhibiting characteristics pertaining to a supraregional domain, was the subject of discussion instigated by the asylia decrees written on two different occasions. Kalkhedon was declared “sacred and inviolable” on behalf of Apollo, who was named with different epithets on each occasion, namely Pythaios and Khresterios. The possibility of there having been two separate Apollo sanctuaries and proposals about the location of the oracle are examined in this article by evaluating the related material, in addition to the supraregional characteristics of the oracle of Apollo in Kalkhedon.

Keywords

Divination, Apollo, Kalkhedon, Khresterios, Pythaios, Oracle, Asylia

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