James Bryce’ın Ermeni Sorunu’ndaki Rolü

Year 2024, , 169 - 191, 02.08.2024

Fahriye Begüm Yildızeli

https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.20241450659

Abstract

Büyük Britanya tarihinin en ihtişamlı çağı olarak nitelendirilen Kraliçe Viktorya döneminde kültürel emperyalist politikaların uygulanmaya başlanması ile birlikte İngiliz aristokratlarının temel hedeflerinden biri Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda yaşayan gayrimüslimler olmuştur. İrlandalı akademisyen, diplomat ve politikacı James Bryce, Ermeni Sorunu ve Türk düşmanlığı üzerine ciddi bir kamuoyu oluşturulmasını sağlayan önemli propagandistlerdendir. 1870’li yıllardan itibaren İngiltere’nin Ermeni Sorunu’nda etkin olması için yaptığı çalışmaların yanı sıra 1893 yılında İngiliz-Ermeni Derneği’ni kurmuştur. 1915 yılında İngiliz Hükümeti’nin isteği üzerine Ermeni katliam iddialarını güçlendirmeyi amaçlayan Bryce, tarihçi Arnold J. Toynbee ile Blue Book (Mavi Kitap) isimli eseri yayımlayarak propaganda faaliyetlerinin sistematik bir biçimde ilerlemesine katkıda bulunan önemli bir aktördür. 84 yıllık yaşamı boyunca tarih, hukuk ve diplomasi ile ilgilenen James Bryce’ın çok yönlü politik kimliği onu Liberal Parti’nin önde gelen otoritelerinden biri haline getirmiştir. Siyasi kariyerinin yanı sıra Bryce, İngilizlerin Ermeni Sorunu politikasının psikolojik dinamiklerini gündemde tutmaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışma, Bryce’in Ermeni Sorununun uluslararası düzeye taşınmasında düşüncelerini analiz ederek siyasal iletişim faaliyetlerinin İngiliz ve Amerikan kamuoyundaki etkilerini değerlendirecektir.

Keywords

Ermeni Sorunu, Mavi Kitap, James Bryce, İngiliz-Ermeni Derneği

James Bryce’s Role in the Armenian Question

Abstract

With the implementation of cultural imperialist policies during the reign of Queen Victoria, which is described as the most glorious era in the history of Great Britain, one of the main targets of the British aristocrats was the Christian minorities in the Ottoman Empire. Irish academician, diplomat, and politician James Bryce is one of the important propagandists who helped to create public opinion on the Armenian Question and Turkish hostility. In addition to his efforts to ensure that England was active in the Armenian Question since the 1870s, he founded the Anglo-Armenian Association in 1893. Bryce, who aimed to strengthen the so-called Armenian massacre allegations at the request of the British Government in 1915, is an important actor who contributed to the systematic advancement of propaganda activities by publishing the work called Blue Book with the historian Arnold J. Toynbee. James Bryce’s versatile political identity, who has been interested in history, law, and diplomacy throughout his 84 years of life, has made him one of the leading authorities of the Liberal Party. In addition to his political career, Bryce tried to keep the psychological dynamics of the British policy on the Armenian Question on the agenda. This study will analyse Bryce’s thoughts on bringing the Armenian Question to the international level and evaluate the effects of his political communication activities on the British and American public.

Keywords

Armenian Question, Blue Book, James Bryce, British-Armenian Association

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