II. Abdülhamid Dönemi İlk Yıllarında Havran (Suriye) Dürzilerine Yönelik Osmanlı Politikası (1878-1881)

Year 2024, Issue: 82, 199 - 226, 15.03.2024

Şit Tufan Buzpınar

https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.20241398392

Abstract

Suriye’nin Havran bölgesi, XVIII. yüzyıldan itibaren Dürzi göçüne maruz kalmış ve II. Abdülhamid dönemine gelindiğinde ciddi bir Dürzi nüfusuna sahip olmuştu. Kendi başlarına yaşamaya alışmış olan Havran Dürzileri, Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı direnç gösteriyorlardı. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu dirence karşı Osmanlı politikasının nasıl şekillendiğine açıklık getirmektir. Giriş kısmında, Dürzilerin Havran’a göç tarihi hakkında kısa bilgi verildikten sonra Osmanlı yönetimi ile Havran Dürzilerini karşı karşıya getiren üç önemli olay ele alınacaktır. İncelenen üç olayda da Osmanlı yönetimi, Dürzilerle anlaşmazlıkların çözümünde güç kullanılmaması ve sulh yönteminin esas alınması hususunda ısrarcı olmuştur.

Keywords

II. Abdülhamid, Dürziler, Havran, Suriye

Thanks

Bu konuyu çalışmama vesile olan merhum Abdul-Rahim Abu-Husayn’e rahmet dilerken makaleye yaptıkları değerli katkılarından dolayı kıymetli meslektaşlarım Cengiz Tomar ve M. Talha Çiçek’e teşekkür ederim.

Ottoman Policy Toward the Druzes of Hauran (Syria) During the Early Years of Abdulhamid II (1878-1881)

Abstract

The Hauran region of Syria received Druze immigrants from the 18th century onwards, and by the beginning of Abdulhamid II’s reign in 1876, the region had gained a significant Druze population. Accustomed to an independent way of life, the Druze of Hauran tried to resist the Ottoman attempt to integrate the region into the administrative system. The aim of this study is to clarify how Ottoman policy had been shaped against this resistance. The introduction of the article will explain the formation of a new Druze center. The following three sections will explain the developments related to three important events that led to the encounter between the Ottoman administration and the Druze of Hauran. The article concludes that the Ottoman policy toward the Druze of Hauran was to ensure peace and tranquility not by force but through negotiation and reconciliation.

Keywords

Abdulhamid II, Druze, Hauran, Syria

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