Prusya Prensi Friedrich Karl’ın Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’ne 1883 Yılında Gerçekleştirdiği Kraliyet Gezisi

Year 2023, , 199 - 227, 28.07.2023

Hasan Ali Polat , Aytuğ Arslan , Fatih Çolak

https://doi.org/10.26650/iuturkiyat.1123010

Abstract

Osmanlı-Alman ilişkilerinin gelişmeye başladığı bir evrede Alman İmparatoru II. Wilhelm’in yeğeni Prusya Prensi Friedrich Karl’ın Mısır, Filistin, Suriye, İzmir ve İstanbul’u ziyaret edeceği 1882 yılının Aralık ayında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Berlin Büyükelçiliği’ne bildirilir. Bu nedenle, Prensin seyahat süresince rahatlığı ve güvenliği için hazırlıklar yapılır. Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in yaverlerinden Miralay Ahmed ve Binbaşı İsmail Beyler, Prensin maiyetine verilir. Prens Friedrich Karl, 19 Şubat-24 Mart 1883 tarihleri arasında Osmanlı ülkesine gerçekleştirdiği seyahatinde Yafa, Kudüs-i Şerif, Mar Saba, Bahr-i Lut, Eriha, Nablus, Cenîn, Nasıra, Akka, Sayda, Beyrut, Şam-ı Şerif, Tedmür ve Baalbek harabelerini ziyaret eder. Bu çalışmada, II. Abdülhamid tarafından görevlendirilen ve Friedrich Karl’ın maiyetinde bulunan Miralay Ahmed ve Binbaşı İsmail Beylerin seyahat hakkında hazırladıkları rapor ve diğer evrakların irdelenmesi suretiyle Prensin seyahati ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, 1883 senesine tarihlenen arşiv kaynakları ışığında Doğu Akdeniz şehirlerinin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının yanı sıra arkeolojik kalıntıları ve tarihi yapıları hakkında da çok değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Friedrich Karl, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Alman İmparatorluğu, Doğu Akdeniz, Kraliyet Turu

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Yok

The Royal Tour of Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia to the Eastern Mediterranean Region in 1883

Abstract

When Ottoman-German relations started to flourish in the late 19th century, to be more specific in December 1882, the Berlin Embassy of the Ottoman Empire was informed that Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia, nephew of the German Emperor Wilhelm II, would visit Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Smyrna and Istanbul. Thereupon, preparations were made for the prince's comfort and safety during the journey and Colonel Ahmed Bey and Major Ismail Bey, aides-de-camps of the Sultan, were chosen to escort the prince. During his tour of the Ottoman Empire between February 19 and March 24, 1883, Prince Friedrich Karl visited Jaffa, the holy city of Jerusalem, Mar Saba, the Dead Sea, Jericho, Nablus, Jenin, Nazareth, Acre, Sidon, Beirut, Damascus, and the ruins of Palmyra and Baalbek. This article analyzes the journey undertaken by the prince through reports and other documents prepared about the trip by Colonel Ahmed Bey and Major Ismail Bey, who were appointed by Sultan Abdul Hamid II to accompany the prince. The article also aims to give insight into the socio-economic conditions of the above-mentioned Eastern Mediterranean cities and archaeological ruins, as well as the historical buildings in the region, based on the archival sources dating to 1883.

Keywords

Friedrich Karl, The Ottoman Empire, The German Empire, Eastern Mediterranean, Royal Tour

Project Number

Yok

References

• Dâhiliye Nezareti Mektubî Kalemi Belgeleri/Ministry of Internal Affairs-The Documents of Letter Office (DH. MKT), 2554/123. google scholar
• Dâhiliye Nezareti, Şifre Kalemi/The Documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Office of Coded Telegrams (DH. ŞFR), 116/26. google scholar
• Hariciye Nezareti, Tercüme Odası/The Documents of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Office of Translation (HR. TO), 31/61; 32/21; 143/15. google scholar
• İrade-Dâhiliye Nezareti/Decrees, the Ministry of Internal Affairs (İ. DH.), 873/69758; 875/69879; 883/70441. google scholar
• İrade-Hariciye Nezareti/Decrees, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (İ. HR.), 288/18016; 289/18178; 336/21680. google scholar
• Yıldız Esas Evrakı/Yıldız Palace Basic Records (Y. EE.), 89/28. google scholar
• Yıldız Perakende Evrakı, Tahrirât-ı Ecnebiyye ve Mabeyn Mütercimliği/Yıldız Occasional Documents, Foreign Correspondence and Palace Interpreter (Y. PRK. TKM), 5/62; 5/74. google scholar
• Yıldız Perakende Evrakı, Yâverân ve Maiyyet-i Seniyye Erkân-ı Harbiye Dairesi/Yıldız Occasional Documents, Aides-de-camp and General Staff Office (Y. PRK. MYD), 21/108. google scholar
• Yıldız, Hususî Maruzat/Petition, Records of Yıldız Palace (Y. A. HUS.), 172/63; 172/80; 173/51; 173/67; 422/6. google scholar
• Yıldız, Name-i Hümayunlar/The Royal Letters, Records of Yıldız Palace (Y. PRK. NMH), 3/17; 3/26. google scholar
• İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Atatürk Kitaplığı/Atatürk Library of Metropolitan Municipality of İstanbul Bel_Mtf_003581. google scholar
• “Death of the Red Prince”, The New York Times, June 16, 1885. google scholar
• Kölnische Zeitung, April 12, 1883. google scholar
• “Prinz Friedrich Karl von Preussen in Jerusalem”, Salzburger Volksblatt, March 15, 1883. google scholar
• “Reise des Prinzen Friedrich Karl”, Die Presse, February 21, 1883. google scholar
• Salzburger Volksblatt, March 27, 1883. google scholar
• “The Late Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia”, The Queenslander, July 04, 1885. google scholar
• “Zu Jerusalem”, Neue Freie Presse, March 23, 1883. google scholar
• Alkan, Necmettin. “Dış Siyasetin Bir Aracı Olarak Hükümdar Gezileri: Kaiser II. Wilhelm’in 1898 Şark Seyahati”, Osmanlı Araştırmaları XXXI (2008): 9-53. google scholar
• Baytar, İlona. “Kaiser II. Wilhelm’in İstanbul’a Üç Ziyareti ve Hediyeler”, İki Dost Hükümdar: Sultan II. google scholar
• Abdülhamid, Kaiser II. Wilhem, TBMM Milli Saraylar Daire Başkanlığı Yayınları, İstanbul 2010: 59-95. google scholar
• Brugsch, Heinrich and von Garnier, Franz X. Prinz Friedrich Karl im Morgenlande dargestellt von seinen Reisebegleitern. Frankfurt: Trowitzsch & Sohn, 1884. google scholar
• Buk-Swienty, Tom. 1864: The Forgotten War That Shaped Modern Europe. London: Profile Books, 2015. google scholar
• Ertan, İrfan. The Orient Journey of Kaiser Wilhelm II (1898), Middle East Technical University, Unpublished master’s thesis, Ankara 2018. google scholar
• Foerster, Wolfgang. Prinz Friedrich Karl von Presussen-Denkwürdigkeiten aus Seinem Leben. Stuttgart Leipzin: Deutsche Verlags Anstalt, 1910. google scholar
• Georgeon, François. Sultan Abdülhamid. trans. Ali Berktay. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2012. google scholar
• Haeseler, Graf. Zehn Jahre im Stabe des Prinzen Friedrich Karl. Vol. II, Berlin: E.S. Mittler & Sohn Königliche Hofbuchhandlung, 1912. google scholar
• Hauptmann, Sprösser. Deutschlands Heerführer (1640-1894) Verevigt in den Namen der Regiment und Bataillone des Deutschen Heeres. Leipzig: Ferdinadn Wirt & Sohn Verlag, 1895. google scholar
• Karacagil, Ö. Kürşad. “II. Wilhelm’in Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nu Ziyareti ve Mihmandarı Mehmed Şakir Paşa’nın Günlüğü (1898)”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Türkiyat Mecmuası 24 (2014): 73-97. google scholar
• Kırel, Serpil and Ortaklan, Oya Kasap. “Alman İmparatoru II. Wılhelm’in Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nu Son Ziyareti (1917)”, Sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi 9/1 (2018): 113-158. google scholar
• Orhan, Sibel. “Alman İmparatoru II. Wilhelm’in Weltpolitik Siyaseti Çerçevesinde Osmanlı Topraklarını İkinci Ziyareti (1898)”, Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi 7/5 (2018), p. 651-665. google scholar
• Peled, Kobi. “Germany in Jerusalem: The Inauguration of the Augusta Victoria Church and Hospice on the Mount of Olives in 1910”, Israel Studies 21 (Indiana 2016): 69-98. google scholar
• Polat, Hasan Ali, Arslan, Aytuğ. “The Rise of Popular Tourism in the Holy Land: Thomas Cook and John Mason Cook’s Enterprise Skills That Shaped the Travel Industry”, Tourism Management 75 (2019): 231-244. google scholar
• Satış, İhsan. “Journey to the Holy Land: Jerusalem Travels of Some Emperors, Crown Prınces and Dignitaries (1855-1901)”, The Pursuit ofHistory- InternationalPeriodicalforHistory andSocial Research 13 (2015): 241-265. google scholar
• Thomas, Joseph. The Universal Dictionary of Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2, New York: Cosimo Classics 2009. google scholar
• Üstüner, Hacer Topaktaş. “Two Extraordinary Missions Welcoming the Tsar and the Kaiser during the Reign of Abdulhamid II”, Abdülhamid II and his Legacy: Studies in Honour of F. A. K. Yasamee, Ed. Ş. Tufan Buzpınar and Gökhan Çetinsaya, The Isis Press, İstanbul 2019: 177-192. google scholar
• Zuber, Terence. “Friedrich Karl, Prince of Prussia (1828-1885)”, David T. Zabecki (ed.), In Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History, California: ABC-CLIO 2014. google scholar
• Zuber, Terence. “Friedrich Karl, Prince of Prussia”, Spencer C. Tucker (ed.), In 500 Great Military Leaders, 262-263, California: ABC-CLIO 2015. google scholar