Gebelikte Yeme Farkındalığı ve Beslenme Durumu Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2022, , 171 - 175, 28.02.2023

Esen Yeşil , Muhittin Tayfur , Sabiha Zeynep Aydenk Köseoğlu , Seda Nur Dörtdoğan , Kübra Eren

https://doi.org/10.47769/izufbed.1199043

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı; gebelik döneminde yeme farkındalığının saptanmasıdır. Yaşları 20-45 yıl arasında olan 145 bireye yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile anket formu uygulanmıştır. Bu anket formunda demografik bilgilerini saptamaya yönelik sorular, Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği bulunmaktadır. 24 Saatlik Hatırlatma yöntemi ile beslenme durumu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 28.7±5.01 yıldır ve %47.5’i ilk gebeliğindedir. Çalışmaya katılan gebelerin YFÖ-30 ortalaması 86.7±11.16 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan gebe bireylerden I. trimesterinde olanların YFÖ puan ortalaması 86.9±11.05 olarak saptanmıştır. Alt ölçekler incelendiğinde sadece yeme kontrolü alt ölçeği puanı açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Enerji, Karbonhidrat, protein, yağ, E vitamini, tiamin, riboflavin, folat, potasyum, kalsiyum ve çinko alımları ve YFÖ-30 arasında pozitif yönde ve istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı korelasyonlar saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Gebelik öncesi BKİ ile YFÖ-30 ölçeğinin alt faktörlerinden duygusal yeme, yeme kontrolü ve odaklanma arasında negatif yönde ve istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. YFÖ-30’un en yüksek yeme kontrolü alt puanı ikinci trimestere ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gebelik öncesi BKİ ile yeme farkındalığı arasında önemli bir ilişki saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

gebelik, yeme farkındalığı, beslenme

The Relationship Between Mindful Eating and Nutritional Status in Pregnancy

Öz

Mindful eating focuses on the individual's awareness of what, where, how to eat, the relationship with external factors, and no judgment on food. The aim of this study was determination of mindful eating during pregnancy. A questionnaire was applied to 145 individuals aged 20-45 years by face-to-face interview technique. In this questionnaire, there are questions regarding to demographic information and Mindful Eating Questionnaire. Nutrition status was determined by 24-hour reminder method. The mean age of the participants was 28.7±5.01 years and 47.5% of the participants were in their first pregnancy. The mean of Mindful Eating Questionnaire score was 86.7±11.16. The mean Mindful Eating Questionnaire score of the pregnant women in the first trimester was 86.9±11.05. There were positive and statistically significant correlations between energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin E, thiamine, riboflavin, folate, potassium, calcium and zinc intake and Mindful Eating Questionnaire (p<0.05). When the subscales were examined, only a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of eating control subscale score. A negative and statistically significant relationship was found between the emotional eating, food control and focusing of the subscale of Mindful Eating Questionnaire and pre-pregnancy body mass index. It was determined that the highest eating control sub-score of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire was belong to the second trimester. There were significant relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index and mindful eating sub-groups that emotional eating, eating control and focusing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pregnancy, mindful eating, nutrition

Kaynakça

• Albers S. Using mindful eating to treat food restriction: A case study.(2010). Eat Disord, 19(1):97-107.
• Alberts HJ, Thewissen R, Raes L. (2012). Dealing with problematic eating behaviour. The effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on eating behaviour, food cravings, dichotomous thinking and body image concern. Appetite, 58(3):847-851.
• Baer RA, Fischer S, Huss DB. (2005). Mindfulness and acceptance in the treatment of disordered eating. J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther, 23(4):281–300.
• Beshara M, Hutchinson AD, Wilson C. (2013). Does mindfulness matter? Everyday mindfulness, mindful eating and self-reported serving size of energy dense foods among a sample of South Australian adults. Appetite, 67:25-29.
• Bishop SR, Lau M, Shapiro S, Carlson L, Anderson ND, Carmody J, Segal ZV, Abbey S, Speca M, Velting D, Devins G. (2004). Mindfulness: a proposed operational definition. Clin Psychol Sci Pract, 11(3):230–241.
• Bulut A, Elmacıoğlu F, Garipağaoğlu M, Budak N. (2007). İstanbul’da yaşayan bir grup gebe kadının beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 11(1):27-31.
• Fowles ER, Fowles SL. (2008). Healthy eating during pregnancy: determinants and supportive strategies. J Community Health Nurs, 25(3), 138-152.
• Framson C, Kristal AR, Schenk JM, Littman AJ, Zeliadt S, Benitez D. (2009). Development and validation of the mindful eating questionnaire. J Am Diet Assoc, 109(8):1439-1444.
• Grinnell S, Greene G, Melanson K, Blissmer B, Lofgren IE. (2011). Anthropometric and behavioral measures related to mindfulness in college students. J Am Coll Health, 59(6): 539-545.
• Heatherton TF, Baumeister RF.(1991). Binge eating as escape from self awareness. Psychol Bull, 110:86-108.
• Jordan CH, Wang W, Donatoni L, Meier BP. (2014). Mindful eating: Trait and state mindfulness predict healthier eating behavior. Pers Individ Dif, 68, 107-111.
• Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: past, present, and future. Clin Psychol Sci Pract,10(2):144-156.
• Konttinen H, Haukkala A, Sarlio-Lahteenkorva S, Silventoinen K, Jousilahti P. (2009). Eating styles, self-control and obesity indicators. The moderating role of obesity status and dieting history on restrained eating. Appetite, 53(1): 131-134.
• Köse G, Tayfur M, Birincioğlu İ, Dönmez A. (2016). Adaptation study of the Mindful Eating Questionnare (MEQ) into Turkish. Journal of Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research, doi: 10.5455/JCBPR.250644
• Kristeller J, Wolever RQ, Sheets V. (2014). Mindfulness-based eating awareness training (MB-EAT) for binge eating: A randomized clinical trial. Mindfulness, 5(3), 282-297.
• Mason AE, Epel ES, Kristeller J, Moran PJ, Dallman M, Lustig RH, Acree M, Bacchetti P, Laraia BA, Hecht FM, Daubenmier, J. (2016). Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on mindful eating, sweets consumption, and fasting glucose levels in obese adults: data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial. Ann Behav Med, 39(2), 201-213.
• Moor KR Scott AJ, McIntosh WD. (2013). Mindful eating and its relationship to body mass index and physical activity among university students. Mindfulness, 4: 264-274.
• Picciano MF. (2003). Pregnancy and lactation: physiological adjustments, nutritional requirements and the role of dietary supplements. J Nutr,133(6):1997-2002.
• Rakıcıoğlu, N., Tek, N., Ayaz, A., Pekcan, G. (2012). Yemek ve Besin Fotograf Kataloğu: Ölçü ve Miktarlar. Ankara: Ata Ofset Matbaacılık.
• Shahid, AR, Hosna AU, Alam A. (2012). Pregnancy and nutrition. Bangladesh J Med Sci, 11(4):267-272.
• Uzdil Z, Özenoğlu A. (2015). Gebelikte Çeşitli Besin Öğeleri Tüketiminin Bebek Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2):117-121.
• Youngwanichsetha S, Phumdoung S, Ingkathawornwong, T. (2014). The effects of mindfulness eating and yoga exercise on blood sugar levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Appl Nurs Res, 27(4):227-230.