Antibiotic Resistance of Gram-negative Heterotrophic Bacteria on the Marine Sediments of the Black Sea-Comparison of CLSI and EUCAST on the Environmental Isolates

Samet Kalkan

doi:10.35229/jaes.1039437

TR EN

Karadeniz'in deniz sedimentlerinden izole edilen Gram-negatif heterotrofik bakterilerin antibiyotik direnci-CLSI ve EUCAST'ın çevresel izolatlar üzerinde karşılaştırılması

Öz

Deniz sedimentleri, antibiyotiklerin ve dirençli genlerin önemli rezervuarlarıdır. Antibiyotik direnci günümüzde küresel bir sorun haline gelmektedir ve deniz sedimentlerinden gelen bakteriler, çoklu mikrobiyal ajanlara direnç göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Karadeniz'in deniz sedimentlerinden izole edilen Gram-negatif heterotrofik bakterilerin antibiyotik direncini araştırmaktadır. Örnekler, Mayıs 2019 ile Şubat 2020 arasında Karadeniz'deki çeşitli örnekleme istasyonlarından toplanmıştır. VITEK 2 sistemi, farklı antibiyotiklere karşı MIC değerlerini otomatik olarak tespit etmek için kullanılmıştır. MİK değerleri 0.12 µg/ml ile 80 µg/ml arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Tüm antibiyotikler arasında en yüksek direnç oranları sefazoline karşı CLSI'de %90 ve EUCAST'da %81 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Direnç oranları genel olarak CLSI'de %13.4, EUCAST’da ise %26,1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm izolatların meropenem, sefepim, seftazidim, kolistin, ertapenem ve piperasilin/tazobaktama duyarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. MAR indeksleri 0 ile 0.45 arasında bulunmuştur. Tüm izolatlarda 0.2 değerinin üzerinde veya eşit olan MAR indeksi CLSI'de %27 ve EUCAST'ta %81 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, doğal izolatlar arasında antibiyotik maruziyetini gösterme açısından EUCAST'ın CLSI'den daha iyi olabileceğini ve MAR indeksinin çevresel durumu tanımlamada yararlı bir araç olabileceğini belirtmektedir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, Karadeniz sedimentlerinde antibiyotik direncinin ciddi bir endişe kaynağı olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

antibiyotik , bakteri , CLSI , EUCAST , Karadeniz , sediment

Antibiotic Resistance of Gram-negative Heterotrophic Bacteria on the Marine Sediments of the Black Sea-Comparison of CLSI and EUCAST on the Environmental Isolates

Abstract

Marine sediments are the important reservoirs of antibiotics and resistant genes. Antibiotic resistance becomes a global concern today and bacteria from marine sediments show resistance to multiple microbial agents. This study investigates antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative heterotrophic bacteria from the marine sediment of the Black Sea. The samples were gathered from various sampling locations on the marine environments of the Black Sea between May 2019 and February 2020. The VITEK 2 system was utilized to detect the MIC values against different antibiotics automatically. The MIC values were ranged from 0.12 µg/ml to 80 µg/ml. The highest resistance ratios among all antibiotics were detected as 90% in CLSI and 81% in EUCAST against cefazolin. In general, the resistance ratios were determined as 13.4% in CLSI and 26.1% in EUCAST. All isolates were detected as susceptible to meropenem, cefepime, ceftazidime, colistin, ertapenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam. MAR indexes were ranged between 0 and 0.45. MAR index were detected above or equal the value of 0.2 as 27% in CLSI and 81% in EUCAST among all isolates. This study shows that EUCAST may be better than CLSI in terms of showing the antibiotic exposure among natural isolates and the MAR indexes may be a useful tool for defining the environmental status. The results of this study indicate that antibiotic resistance may be a serious concern in sediments of the Black Sea.

Keywords

antibiotic , bacteria , Black Sea , CLSI , EUCAST , sediment

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Samet Kalkan ^*
0000-0002-5110-5609
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 30, 2022

Submission Date

December 21, 2021

Acceptance Date

March 21, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 7 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1039437

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA36WY49TA

APA

Kalkan, S. (2022). Antibiotic Resistance of Gram-negative Heterotrophic Bacteria on the Marine Sediments of the Black Sea-Comparison of CLSI and EUCAST on the Environmental Isolates. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 7(2), 163-170. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1039437

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EBSCOHost Scilit CABI

JAES/AAS-Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences/Anatolian Academic Sciences&Anadolu Çevre ve Hayvancılık Dergisi/Anadolu Akademik Bilimler-AÇEH/AAS