Unlocking Cognitive Horizons by Exploring the Influence of Maps on Primary School Pupils: An Examination Conducted in North Macedonia
Year 2024,
, 702 - 725, 30.09.2024
Edmond Jonuzi
,
Hüseyin Zahit Selvi
Abstract
This study thoroughly investigates the effects of utilizing maps as educational tools for children, aiming to enhance pupils' cognitive abilities and improve the overall educational system within primary schools. By exploring the potential benefits of incorporating cartographic materials into the curriculum, this research sheds light on their positive impact on children's intellectual growth and the educational framework at the elementary level, such as primary schools. The primary aim of this investigation is to deliver an interactive and compelling educational resource tailored for pupils aged between 7 and 10 years old. Pre-test and post-test were conducted with 377 primary school pupils in Tetovo, North Macedonia. Employing a comprehensive mixed-methods approach and through a meticulous analysis of the potential benefits of integrating maps into the pedagogical framework, this study aims to provide valuable insights into the positive effects they can have on children's skill acquisition and the overall efficacy of the educational system. Ultimately, the findings of this study are expected to inform educational stakeholders by furnishing empirical evidence on the advantages of incorporating maps into the learning process for young learners, thus contributing to more effective educational practices. The study's findings demonstrate a predominantly favorable reception, emphasizing the efficacy and educational utility of the maps and atlases among young pupils. The analysis shows that employing the maps and atlas led to an average enhancement in pupils' learning abilities, with an approximate mean increase of 31.45%.
Supporting Institution
Necmettin Erbakan University and Necmettin Erbakan University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit
References
- T. Bandrova, A cartographic atlas created for and with the help of children, in: Proceedings of the Joint Seminar on Discovering Basic Concepts, Canada, 1999, pp. 45–49.
- I. Bugdayci, H. Z. Selvi, Teaching map concepts in social science education: An evaluation with undergraduate students, in: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science IOP Publishing, Prague, 2017, 7 pages.
- I. Bugdayci, H. Z. Selvi, Do maps contribute to pupils' learning skills in primary schools?, The Cartographic Journal 58 (2) (2021) 135–149.
- M. Robertson, R. Gerber, The child's world: Triggers for learning, Australian Council for Education Research, Camberwell, 1999.
- T. Bandrova, A. Deleva, Contemporary cartography for children in Bulgaria, in: J. M. Anderson, E. Krzywicka-Blum (Eds.), The Joint Seminar Maps for Special Users, Wroclaw, 1998, pp. 59–78.
- J. M. Anderson, R. Vasconcellos, Maps for and by children: Possible contributions by cartographers, in: 17th International Cartographic Conference, Barcelona, Spain, 1995, 9 pages.
- E. Brule, G. Bailly, A. Brock, F. Valentin, G. Denis, C. Jouffrais, MapSense: Multi-sensory interactive maps for children living with visual impairments, in: J. Kaye, A. Druin (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, 2016, pp. 445–457.
- A. Okada, S. Buckingham Shum, Evidence‐based dialogue maps as a research tool to investigate the quality of school pupils' scientific argumentation, International Journal of Research and Method in Education 31 (3) (2008) 291–315.
- M. Myridis, A. Christodoulou, E. Kalyva, N. Karanikolas, P. Lafazani, Cartography and children: Designing a multimedia educational tool, in: I. Drecki (Ed.), 23rd International Cartographic Conference, Moscow, 2007, 12 pages.
- M. Peter, J. Glück, W. Beiglböck, Map understanding as a developmental marker in childhood, Journal of Individual Difference 31 (2) (2010) 64–67.
- B. Bartz, Map design for children, Field Research Corporation, Chicago, 1965.
- P. Sorrell, Map design with the young in mind, The Cartographic Journal 11 (2) (1974) 82–90.
- R. Gerber, Factors affecting the competence and performance in map language for children at the concrete level of map-reasoning, Cartography 13 (3) (1984) 205–213.
- B. Buckingham, M. Harrower, The role of color saturation in maps for children, Cartographic Perspectives (58) (2007) 28–47.
- D. Owen, Primary children's collaborative cartography: Communication and mapping processes, Education, Computer Science, Geography (2005) 10 pages.
- A. Robinson, The looks of maps: An examination of cartographic design, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1952.
- G. Jenks, D. Knos, The use of shading patterns in graded series, Annals Association of American Geographers 51 (3) (1961) 316–334
- P. Crawford, Perception of grey-tone symbols, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 61 (4) (1971) 721–735.
- J. Kimerling, Color specification in cartography, American Cartographer 7 (2) (1980) 139–153.
- J. Olson, Spectrally encoded two-variable maps, Annals Association of American Geographers 71 (2) (1981) 259–276.
- E. Imhof, Cartographic Relief Presentation, De Gruyter, New York, 1982.
- A. M. MacEachren, How maps work: Representation, visualization and design, Guilford, New York, 1995.
- B. Dent, Thematic map design, WCB/McGraw-Hill, Boston, 1999.
- C. A. Brewer, G. Hatchard, M. A. Harrower, ColorBrewer in print: A catalog of color schemes for maps, Cartography and Geographic Information Science 30 (1) (2003a) 5–32.
- W. C. Wang, C. C. Lee, Y. C. Chu, A brief review on developing creative thinking in young children by mind mapping, International Business Research 3 (3) (2010) 6 pages.
- P. Weeden, Learning through maps, in: D. Tilbury, M. Williams (Eds.), Teaching and Learning Geography, Routledge, London, 1997, Ch. 16, pp. 168–179.
- D. H. Uttal, H. M. Wellman, Young children's representation of spatial information acquired from maps, Developmental Psychology 25 (1) (1989) 128–138.
- D. R. Montello, Cognitive map-design research in the twentieth century: Theoretical and empirical approaches, Cartography and Geographic Information Science 29 (3) (2002) 283–304.
- S. McLeod, Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Simply Psychology 18 (3) (2018) 1–9.
- Z. Babakr, P. Mohamedamin, K. Kakamad, Piaget's cognitive developmental theory: Critical review, Education Quarterly Reviews 2 (3) (2019) 8 pages.
- B. Lefa, The Piaget theory of cognitive development: An educational implication, Educational Psychology 1 (1) (2014) 1–8.
- J. Piaget, Piaget's theory, Handbook of Child Psychology, Wiley, New York, 1983.
- K. W. Fischer, A theory of cognitive development: The control and construction of hierarchies of skills, Psychological Review 87 (6) (1980) 477–531.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford international primary atlas, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford school atlas, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Singapore, 2012a.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford student atlas, 4th Edition, Oxford University Press, Singapore, 2012b.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford international student's skills workbook, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, New York, 2012c.
- J. J. Reyes Nuñez, C. E. Juliarena de Moretti, E. Gallé, A. M. Garra, C. A. Rey, M. V. Alves de Castro, A. S. Dibiase, Reading thematic maps in Argentine and Hungarian schools, in: XXII International Cartographic Conference ICC2005, A Coruña, 2005, pp. 9–16.
- T. Bandrova, C. Dinev, The new cartographic products in Bulgaria-modern school atlases, In CD Proceedings of the XXII International Cartographic Conference ICC2005, A Coruña, Spain, 2005, 8 pages.
- N. Safaraliyeva, N. Al Hosani, J. J. Reyes Nunez, Teaching basic map concepts in three countries: Azerbaijan, Hungary and United Arab Emirates, International Journal of Cartography 5 (2-3) (2019) 285–303.
- H. Kramáreková, M. Nemčíková, M.Vojtek, A. Dubcová, B. Gajdošíková, M. Konečný, Comparison of cartographic language of pupils in the 4th grade of primary school case study of the Slovak republic and Czech republic), in: T. Bandrova, M. Konecny (Eds.), 6th International Conference on Cartography and GIS, Albena, 2016, pp. 13–17.
- İ. Buğdaycı, I. O. Bildirici, Map use, map user and map maker: An evaluation of the current education material containing maps for pupils in Turkey, in: 3rd International Conference on Cartography and GIS, Nessebar, 2010, 9 pages.
- H. Erol, 8th grade students' positioning skills on the map, Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 20 (88) (2020) 67–86.
- I. Buğdayci, E. Cetinkaya, Designing teaching materials with disaster maps and evaluating its effectiveness for primary students, Open Geosciences 14 (1) (2022) 675–690.
Year 2024,
, 702 - 725, 30.09.2024
Edmond Jonuzi
,
Hüseyin Zahit Selvi
References
- T. Bandrova, A cartographic atlas created for and with the help of children, in: Proceedings of the Joint Seminar on Discovering Basic Concepts, Canada, 1999, pp. 45–49.
- I. Bugdayci, H. Z. Selvi, Teaching map concepts in social science education: An evaluation with undergraduate students, in: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science IOP Publishing, Prague, 2017, 7 pages.
- I. Bugdayci, H. Z. Selvi, Do maps contribute to pupils' learning skills in primary schools?, The Cartographic Journal 58 (2) (2021) 135–149.
- M. Robertson, R. Gerber, The child's world: Triggers for learning, Australian Council for Education Research, Camberwell, 1999.
- T. Bandrova, A. Deleva, Contemporary cartography for children in Bulgaria, in: J. M. Anderson, E. Krzywicka-Blum (Eds.), The Joint Seminar Maps for Special Users, Wroclaw, 1998, pp. 59–78.
- J. M. Anderson, R. Vasconcellos, Maps for and by children: Possible contributions by cartographers, in: 17th International Cartographic Conference, Barcelona, Spain, 1995, 9 pages.
- E. Brule, G. Bailly, A. Brock, F. Valentin, G. Denis, C. Jouffrais, MapSense: Multi-sensory interactive maps for children living with visual impairments, in: J. Kaye, A. Druin (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, 2016, pp. 445–457.
- A. Okada, S. Buckingham Shum, Evidence‐based dialogue maps as a research tool to investigate the quality of school pupils' scientific argumentation, International Journal of Research and Method in Education 31 (3) (2008) 291–315.
- M. Myridis, A. Christodoulou, E. Kalyva, N. Karanikolas, P. Lafazani, Cartography and children: Designing a multimedia educational tool, in: I. Drecki (Ed.), 23rd International Cartographic Conference, Moscow, 2007, 12 pages.
- M. Peter, J. Glück, W. Beiglböck, Map understanding as a developmental marker in childhood, Journal of Individual Difference 31 (2) (2010) 64–67.
- B. Bartz, Map design for children, Field Research Corporation, Chicago, 1965.
- P. Sorrell, Map design with the young in mind, The Cartographic Journal 11 (2) (1974) 82–90.
- R. Gerber, Factors affecting the competence and performance in map language for children at the concrete level of map-reasoning, Cartography 13 (3) (1984) 205–213.
- B. Buckingham, M. Harrower, The role of color saturation in maps for children, Cartographic Perspectives (58) (2007) 28–47.
- D. Owen, Primary children's collaborative cartography: Communication and mapping processes, Education, Computer Science, Geography (2005) 10 pages.
- A. Robinson, The looks of maps: An examination of cartographic design, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1952.
- G. Jenks, D. Knos, The use of shading patterns in graded series, Annals Association of American Geographers 51 (3) (1961) 316–334
- P. Crawford, Perception of grey-tone symbols, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 61 (4) (1971) 721–735.
- J. Kimerling, Color specification in cartography, American Cartographer 7 (2) (1980) 139–153.
- J. Olson, Spectrally encoded two-variable maps, Annals Association of American Geographers 71 (2) (1981) 259–276.
- E. Imhof, Cartographic Relief Presentation, De Gruyter, New York, 1982.
- A. M. MacEachren, How maps work: Representation, visualization and design, Guilford, New York, 1995.
- B. Dent, Thematic map design, WCB/McGraw-Hill, Boston, 1999.
- C. A. Brewer, G. Hatchard, M. A. Harrower, ColorBrewer in print: A catalog of color schemes for maps, Cartography and Geographic Information Science 30 (1) (2003a) 5–32.
- W. C. Wang, C. C. Lee, Y. C. Chu, A brief review on developing creative thinking in young children by mind mapping, International Business Research 3 (3) (2010) 6 pages.
- P. Weeden, Learning through maps, in: D. Tilbury, M. Williams (Eds.), Teaching and Learning Geography, Routledge, London, 1997, Ch. 16, pp. 168–179.
- D. H. Uttal, H. M. Wellman, Young children's representation of spatial information acquired from maps, Developmental Psychology 25 (1) (1989) 128–138.
- D. R. Montello, Cognitive map-design research in the twentieth century: Theoretical and empirical approaches, Cartography and Geographic Information Science 29 (3) (2002) 283–304.
- S. McLeod, Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Simply Psychology 18 (3) (2018) 1–9.
- Z. Babakr, P. Mohamedamin, K. Kakamad, Piaget's cognitive developmental theory: Critical review, Education Quarterly Reviews 2 (3) (2019) 8 pages.
- B. Lefa, The Piaget theory of cognitive development: An educational implication, Educational Psychology 1 (1) (2014) 1–8.
- J. Piaget, Piaget's theory, Handbook of Child Psychology, Wiley, New York, 1983.
- K. W. Fischer, A theory of cognitive development: The control and construction of hierarchies of skills, Psychological Review 87 (6) (1980) 477–531.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford international primary atlas, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford school atlas, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Singapore, 2012a.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford student atlas, 4th Edition, Oxford University Press, Singapore, 2012b.
- P. Wiegand, Oxford international student's skills workbook, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, New York, 2012c.
- J. J. Reyes Nuñez, C. E. Juliarena de Moretti, E. Gallé, A. M. Garra, C. A. Rey, M. V. Alves de Castro, A. S. Dibiase, Reading thematic maps in Argentine and Hungarian schools, in: XXII International Cartographic Conference ICC2005, A Coruña, 2005, pp. 9–16.
- T. Bandrova, C. Dinev, The new cartographic products in Bulgaria-modern school atlases, In CD Proceedings of the XXII International Cartographic Conference ICC2005, A Coruña, Spain, 2005, 8 pages.
- N. Safaraliyeva, N. Al Hosani, J. J. Reyes Nunez, Teaching basic map concepts in three countries: Azerbaijan, Hungary and United Arab Emirates, International Journal of Cartography 5 (2-3) (2019) 285–303.
- H. Kramáreková, M. Nemčíková, M.Vojtek, A. Dubcová, B. Gajdošíková, M. Konečný, Comparison of cartographic language of pupils in the 4th grade of primary school case study of the Slovak republic and Czech republic), in: T. Bandrova, M. Konecny (Eds.), 6th International Conference on Cartography and GIS, Albena, 2016, pp. 13–17.
- İ. Buğdaycı, I. O. Bildirici, Map use, map user and map maker: An evaluation of the current education material containing maps for pupils in Turkey, in: 3rd International Conference on Cartography and GIS, Nessebar, 2010, 9 pages.
- H. Erol, 8th grade students' positioning skills on the map, Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 20 (88) (2020) 67–86.
- I. Buğdayci, E. Cetinkaya, Designing teaching materials with disaster maps and evaluating its effectiveness for primary students, Open Geosciences 14 (1) (2022) 675–690.