Reduction Behavior of Olanzapine and Its Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination in Human Urine and Pharmaceuticals

Abstract

The electrochemical reduction behavior of olanzapine was investigated by DPV (differential pulse voltammetry) and CV (cyclic voltammetry) techniques using a glassy carbon electrode. The measurements were carried out in different buffer solutions in a pH range from 0.50 to 12.05. The behavior of the peak potential and the peak current were examined by changing the pH, and a pH= 7.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution was selected as the supporting electrolyte. To designate the electron and proton numbers that participated in the reaction, the changing peak potentials of olanzapine with increasing pH were investigated. The number of transferred electrons was found equal to the number of the hydrogen ions taking part in the electrode reaction. Equal electron and proton numbers were also supported with suggested reduction mechanism. For DPV analysis, the linear calibration curve of olanza-pine was plotted between concentrations 2x10-5M and 1x10-4M at the pH= 7.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 1.88x10-6 M and 6.29x10-6M, respectively. Lastly, the developed technique was applied to spiked urine and pharmaceutical preparations for recovery studies of olanzapine. A reaction mechanism related to the reduction of olanzapine was also proposed with this study.

Keywords

• Human urin
• olanzapine
• pharmaceutical preparation
• reduction
• voltammetry

Olanzapin'in İndirgenme Davranışının İncelenmesi ve İlaçlar ile İnsan İdrarında Diferansiyel puls Tekniği ile Tayini

Abstract

Olanzapinin elektrokimyasal indirgenme özelliği DPV (diferansiyel puls voltametri) ve CV (dönüşümlü voltametri) teknikleri ile camsı karbon çalışma elektrodu kullanılarak incelendi. pH’sı 0.50 – 12.05 aralığında değişen farklı tampon çözeltilerde ölçümler alındı. Pik potansiyelinin ve pik akımının pH ile değişimi incelendi ve destek elektrolit olarak pH=7.0 Britton-Robinson tampon çözeltisi seçildi. Elektrot reaksiyonuna katılan elektron ve proton sayısını belirlemek için, artan pH ile pik potansiyellerinin değişimi incelendi. Transfer edilen elektron sayısı elektrot reaksiyonuna katılan hidrojen iyonu sayısına eşit bulundu. Eşit elektron ve proton sayısı önerilen indirgenme mekanizması ile de desteklendi. DPV analizleri için olanzapinin doğrusal çalışma aralığı pH=7.0 Britton-Robinson tampon çözeltisinde, 2x10-5M - 1x10-4M konsantrasyon aralığında çizildi. Belirme sınırı (LOD) ve kantitatif tayin sınırı (LOQ) sırasıyla 1.88x10-6M ve 6.29x10-6M olarak hesaplandı. Son olarak geliştirilen voltametrik teknik olanzapin içeren tabletlere ve insan idrarına dışarıdan uygulanarak, geri kazanım çalışmaları yapıldı. Bunların yanı sıra olanzapinin indirgenme özelliği için elektrokimyasal bir indirgenme mekanizması da önerildi.

Keywords

• olanzapin
• voltametri
• indirgenme
• ilaç

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