Research Article

Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province

Volume: 8 Number: 2 December 30, 2025
EN TR

Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to develop regression models to estimate the live weight (LW) of Simmental cattle using image-based body area (BA) and back view area (BVA) measurements. A total of 42 healthy Simmental cattle were included in the study, and a total of 336 measurements of CG, HW, BA and BVA were taken during the whole grazing season. The collected data were subjected to linear and polynomial analyses, and the predictive power of different variables for estimating LW was compared. According to the results, the highest R2 value for LW prediction was provided by CG (R2=0.93). For BA, the linear model yielded an R2=0.90, while the cubic model improved the prediction accuracy to R2=0.92. The model using HW had relatively low predictive power (R2=0.46), whereas BVA showed a moderate relationship (R2=0.60). In multiple regression analysis, combining CG and HW increased the predictive power to R2=0.94. Similarly, combining BA and BVA resulted in an R2=0.93. A high correlation was found between LW and both CG and BA (0.97 and 0.95, respectively). These findings confirm that CG remains the most reliable traditional measurement for predicting LW. However, digital BA measurements obtained through DIA can also serve as a contact-free and practical alternative under field conditions. In particular, cubic polynomial models improve the accuracy of predictions derived from DIA. It was determined that study could be implemented under field conditions without causing any adverse effects.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study involves the estimation of live weight from digital images of Simmental cattle raised on the pastures of Kars province, taken during routine weighing procedures. Apart from the weighing process, no experimental intervention or application that could cause stress to the animals was performed; the images were recorded passively during routine weighing. Therefore, in accordance with the Veterinary Services, Plant Health, Food and Feed Law No. 5996 and the Regulation on the Working Procedures and Principles of Animal Experiments Ethics Committees, this study does not qualify as an animal experiment. Hence, ethical approval is not required for this research.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Stock Farming and Treatment

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

July 23, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 12, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 2

APA
Özkaya, S., Bozkurt, Y., & Tüzün, G. (2025). Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province. Hayvan Bilimi Ve Ürünleri Dergisi, 8(2), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.51970/jasp.1748591
AMA
1.Özkaya S, Bozkurt Y, Tüzün G. Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province. JASP. 2025;8(2):84-91. doi:10.51970/jasp.1748591
Chicago
Özkaya, Serkan, Yalçın Bozkurt, and Gökhan Tüzün. 2025. “Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province”. Hayvan Bilimi Ve Ürünleri Dergisi 8 (2): 84-91. https://doi.org/10.51970/jasp.1748591.
EndNote
Özkaya S, Bozkurt Y, Tüzün G (December 1, 2025) Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province. Hayvan Bilimi ve Ürünleri Dergisi 8 2 84–91.
IEEE
[1]S. Özkaya, Y. Bozkurt, and G. Tüzün, “Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province”, JASP, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 84–91, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.51970/jasp.1748591.
ISNAD
Özkaya, Serkan - Bozkurt, Yalçın - Tüzün, Gökhan. “Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province”. Hayvan Bilimi ve Ürünleri Dergisi 8/2 (December 1, 2025): 84-91. https://doi.org/10.51970/jasp.1748591.
JAMA
1.Özkaya S, Bozkurt Y, Tüzün G. Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province. JASP. 2025;8:84–91.
MLA
Özkaya, Serkan, et al. “Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province”. Hayvan Bilimi Ve Ürünleri Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 84-91, doi:10.51970/jasp.1748591.
Vancouver
1.Serkan Özkaya, Yalçın Bozkurt, Gökhan Tüzün. Estimation of Live Weight from 2D Digital Images of Simmental Cattle Grazing in Kars Province. JASP. 2025 Dec. 1;8(2):84-91. doi:10.51970/jasp.1748591


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