Effect of Breastfeeding on the Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Year 2023, , 479 - 483, 31.05.2023

İlyas Tenlik , Ömer Öztürk , Orhan Coşkun , Derya Arı , Ferhat Bacaksız , Mahmut Yüksel , Bayram Yeşil , Muhammed Bahaddin Durak

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1279389

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether breastfeeding in early childhood affect the risk of devoloping inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Materials and Methods: The data of patients obtained from the survey were compared to the data of their non-IBD siblings as a control group. The relationship between the demographic and clinical chararecteristics of IBD patients and breastfeeding was also analyzed.
Results: 304 IBD patients were included in the study. 182 (59.9%) of the patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 122 (40.1%) with Crohn’s disease (CD). The CD patients included in the study were compared to the CD siblings group of 332, and the UC patients compared with the UC siblings group of 508. Compared to the control groups, the proportion of those who never breastfed was higher in both the CD and UC groups (7.4% vs. 2.1% for CD [p=0.017] and 3.9% vs. 0.8% for UC [p=0.01]), and the risk of disease increased in those who was not breastfed (OR= 3.70 [1.35-10.16] for CD [p=0.017] and OR= 5.07 for UC [1.47-17.53] [p=0.010]). The protective effect against CD increased as the duration of breastfeeding increased, but that the protection increased with breastfeeding for up to 12 months for UC, and breastfeeding for more than 12 months did not provide additional protection. There was no relationship between breastfeeding and demographic and behavioral chracteristics of patients
Conclusions: Not having been breastfed in infancy increases the risk of developing both UC and CD, and as the duration of breastfeeding increases, the protection against diseases risk increases.

Keywords

Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, breastfeeding, disease risk

Supporting Institution

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Anne Sütü ile Beslenmenin İnflamatuar Bağırsak Hastalığı Gelişme Riski Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, erken çocukluk döneminde anne sütü almanın inflamatuar bağırsak hastalığı (İBH) gelişme riskini etkileyip etkilemediğini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Anketten elde edilen hasta verileri İBH olmayan kardeşlerinden oluşan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Annesütü alma durumu ile İBH hastalarının demografik ve klinik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki de ayrıca analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 304 İBH hastası dahil edildi. Hastaların 182'si (%59,9) ülsaratif kolit (ÜK), 122'si (%40,1) Crohn hastalığı (CH) tanılıydı. Çalışmaya dahil edilen Crohn hastalarının verileri 332 kişilik CH kardeş grubu ile ve ÜK hastalarının verileri de 508 kişilik ÜK kardeş grubunun verileri ile karşılaştırıldı. Hiç anne sütü almayanların oranı hem CH hem de ÜK grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (CH için %7,4 ve %2,1 [p=0,017] ve ÜK için %3,9 ve %0,8 [p=0,010]) ve hiç anne sütü almayanlarda hastalık riski anlamlı olarak artmıştı (CH için OR= 3,70 [1,35-10,16] [p=0,017] ve ÜK için OR= 5,07 [1,47-17,53] [p=0,010]). Ayrıca anne sütü alma süresi arttıkça CH'a karşı koruyucu etkinin arttığı, ÜK için ise 12 aya kadar emzirme ile koruyucu etkinin arttığı, ancak12 aydan fazla anne sütü almanın ek koruma sağlamadığı belirlendi. Anne sütü alma ile hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri arasında ilişki saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Bebeklik döneminde anne sütü almamış olanlarda hem ÜK hem de CH gelişme riski artmakta ve emzirme süresi arttıkça hastalık riskinden koruyuculuk artmaktadır.

Keywords

Crohn hastalığı, Ülseratif kolit, anne sütü, hastalık riski

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