Screening Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Patients with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and Subjective Global Assessment Tools

Abstract

Aim: The assessment of the nutritional status of hospitalized patients is important to detect individuals who are under malnourishment risk and malnutrition-related conditions. The present study aimed to screen the nutritional status of hospitalized patients with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) screening and to compare the results of two screening methods in predicting malnutrition. Materials and Methods: NRS-2002 and SGA were administered to 134 non-critical service patients within the first days of hospital admission. Tool performance in predicting malnutrition and the association with length of hospital stay (LOS) were analyzed. Results: 22.4% (n=30) of the patients were at nutritional risk when screened with NRS-2002; when screened with SGA, 35.8% (n=48) of the patients were found to be malnourished (p=0.015). The hospital LOS (day) of malnourished patients and non-malnourished patients according to NRS-2002 were similar. However, according to SGA screening, the hospital LOS of malnourished patients was longer than non-malnourished patients (17.90±16.93 vs 10.79±11.23) (p=0.004). In both screening tools most of the malnourished patients were overweight or obese (the total overweight and obese patients rate 70% and 75% according to NRS-2002 and SGA; respectively). Factors associated with malnutrition were only age and hospital LOS (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering current criteria for nutritional risk, NRS-2002, as an objective and remarkably powerful tool, seems to provide a better yield for an objective assessment. Besides this, adding subjective parameters to the assessment by applying SGA could increase the capability of detecting the nutrition risk of hospitalized patients for a comprehensive nutritional assessment.

Keywords

• Malnutrition
• Nutritional assessment
• Nutritional Risk Screening 2002
• Subjective Global Assessment

Hastanede Yatan Hastaların Beslenme Durumlarının Nutrisyonel Risk Skoru 2002 ve Subjektif Global Değerlendirme ile Taranması

Abstract

Giriş: Hastanede yatan hastaların beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi, malnütrisyon riski altında olan hastaların ve malnutrisyonla ilişkili diğer durumların tespit edilmesi için önemlidir. Çalışmada, hastanede yatan hastaların beslenme durumlarının Nutrisyonel Risk Skoru 2002 (NRS-2002) ve Subjektif Global Değerlendirme (SGD) tarama araçları ile taranması ve malnütrisyonun belirlenmesinde iki tarama yönteminin sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: NRS-2002 ve SGD, hastaneye kabulün ilk günlerinde 134 kritik olmayan servis hastasına uygulanmıştır. Malnütrisyonun tespitinde tarama aracının etkinliği ve hastanede kalış süresi ile ilişkisi analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: NRS-2002 ile tarandığında hastaların %22,4'ü (n=30) beslenme riski altında olduğu, SGA ile tarama yapıldığında hastaların %35,8'inin (n=48) malnütrisyonlu olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0,015). NRS-2002'ye göre yetersiz beslenen hastaların ve yetersiz beslenen hastaların hastanede kalış süreleri (gün) benzerdi. Ancak SGD taramasına göre malnütrisyonlu hastaların hastanede kalma süreleri malnütrisyonsuz hastalara göre daha uzundu (sırasıyla; 17,90±16,93 ve 10,79±11,23) (p=0,004). Her iki tarama aracında da yetersiz beslenen hastaların çoğu aşırı kilolu veya obezdi (toplam aşırı kilolu ve obez hastalar NRS-2002 ve SGD'ya göre sırasıyla; %70 ve %75). Malnütrisyon ile ilişkili bulunan faktörler sadece yaş ve hastanede kalış süresiydi (p<0,05).
Sonuç: NRS-2002, beslenme riski için mevcut kriterler göz önüne alındığında, son derece güçlü bir araç olarak, nesnel bir değerlendirme için iyi bir verim sağlamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, SGD uygulanarak değerlendirmeye subjektif parametrelerin eklenmesi, kapsamlı bir beslenme değerlendirmesi için hastanede yatan hastaların beslenme riskini tespit etme kabiliyetini artırabilir. 

Keywords

• Malnutrisyon
• beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi
• nutrisyonel risk skoru 2002 (NRS-2002)
• subjektif global değerlendirme (SGD)

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