Normal Plasental Gelişim ve Plasental Disfonksiyon Triadı: Maternal ve Fetal Komplikasyonlar

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 183 - 190, 30.06.2019

Arielle Hough Sathees B Chandra

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.562662

Abstract

Bir yumurtanın sperm tarafından döllenmesinden, fetüsün
doğuşuna kadar önemli bir rol oynayan plasenta, 
fetüsün gelişimi için çok önemlidir. Plasenta olmadan, fetus anneden
gerekli besinleri ya da oksijeni alamaz ve toksik atıklardan kurtulamaz. Bu
geçici organın gerekliliği göz önüne alındığında, plasentanın yanlış oluşması
birçok sağlık sorununa neden olabilir. Fetal ve maternal dolaşım arasında
yaptığı temel bağlantı nedeniyle plasentada oluşacak bu komplikasyonların
fetusun yanı sıra anne üzerinde de etkisi vardır. Bozulmuş plasental fonksiyon
ile ilgili ana endişeler, yaygın olarak, plasental disfonksiyonun üçlüsü olarak
bilinir. Plasental disfonksiyon üçlüsünde preeklampsi, HELLP Sendromu ve IUBG (İntrauterin
Büyüme Geriliği) bulunur. Bu derlemenin amacı hem anne hem de fetüs için daha
iyi sonuçlara erişmek amacıyla plasental disfonksiyon üçlüsünü oluşturan
hastalıkların patogenezini, tanı ve öngörü kriterlerini ve tedavisini
araştırmaktır.

Keywords

Preeklampsi, HELLP Sendromu, IUGR, İntrauterin Büyüme Geriliği, Plasenta, Fetus

Normal Placental Development and the Triad of Placental Dysfunction: The Maternal and Fetal Complications

Abstract

The placenta is crucial to the development of a fetus, playing a vital role from fertilization of an egg by sperm until the delivery of the fetus. Without the placenta, the fetus would not receive essential nutrients or oxygen from the mother and be able to rid itself of toxic wastes. Given the necessity of this temporary organ, improper formation of the placenta can lead to many health problems. These complications have an effect on the mother as well as the fetus given the essential link the placenta makes between fetal and maternal circulation. The main concerns with impaired placental function are commonly known as the triad of placental dysfunction. The triad of placental dysfunction includes preeclampsia, HELLP Syndrome, and IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction) . The purpose of this review article is to explore the pathogenesis, the diagnostic and predictive criteria, and treatment for the disorders composing the triad of placental dysfunction to allow better outcomes for both the mother and fetus.

Keywords

Preeclampsia, HELLP Syndrome, IUGR, Placenta, Fetus, Intrauterine Growth Restriction

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