Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Sevoflurane and/or Dexmedetomidine on Behavior, Neuro-inflammation and Apoptosis in Pups Rat

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 657 - 664, 31.07.2023

Semin Turhan , Arda İnan , Berrin Işık

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1297757

Abstract

Aim: Developing brain is vulnerable to side effects of anesthetics. Neurotoxic and cognitive alterations have been documented in several species, and there is concern that small children could be affected adversely if they are exposed for long periods or recurrently to inhalation anesthesia In this experiment we aim to evaluate behavioral and neurotoxic effects of sevoflurane (SEVO) and/or dexmedetomidine (DEX) exposure in pup rats.
Materials and method: Postnatal 21 days old 36 rat were randomly divided into 6 groups (Group I (control); Group II:2.5% SEVO for 4 hours; Group III:2.5% SEVO for 4 hours+intraperitoneal (i.p.) 0.5 µg.kg-1 DEX; Group IV:2.5% SEVO for 4 hours+i.p. 5 µg.kg-1 DEX; Group V: i.p. 0.5 µg.kg-1 DEX; Group VI: i.p. 5 µg.kg-1 DEX was given). Behavior of the rat were examined with the modified Radial Arm Maze test. Histopathological evaluation of the pups’ rat brain for neuroinflammation and apoptosis was performed. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the SPSS 20.0, P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Single 2.5% SEVO exposure for 4 hours during early life period in rats is although not show neuroinflammation signs the brain tissue histologically but impaired learning and memory in behavior test (P<0.05). In CA3 stage of the brain tissue apoptosis percentage was diminished in SEVO+DEX groups for comparison with control and single SEVO groups (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Adding DEX to SEVO caused less impairment in memory and learning function. But single 5 µg.kg-1 DEX negatively affected learning and memory function but not locomotor activity and anxiety.

Keywords

sevoflurane, dexmedetomidine, pup rats, Neurotoxic, cognitive alterations

Thanks

We thank the "Proofed" expert English Proofreading Service and Associate Professor Veysel Barış Turhan for their contributions.

Sevofluran ve/veya Deksmedetomidin'in Sıçan Yavrularında Davranış, Nöroinflamasyon ve Apoptoz Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Giriş: Gelişen beyin anesteziklerin yan etkilerine karşı savunmasızdır. Birçok türde nörotoksik ve bilişsel değişiklikler belgelenmiştir ve küçük çocukların uzun süreler veya tekrar tekrar inhalasyon anestezisine maruz kalmaları durumunda olumsuz etkilenebileceği endişesi vardır. Bu deneyde sevofluranın (SEVO) davranışsal ve nörotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlıyoruz. ve/veya yavru sıçanlarda deksmedetomidin (DEX) maruziyeti.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Postnatal 21 günlük 36 rat rastgele 6 gruba ayrıldı (Grup I (kontrol); Grup II: 4 saatlik %2,5 SEVO; Grup III: 4 saatlik %2,5 SEVO+intraperitoneal (i.p.) 0,5 µg). kg-1 DEX; Grup IV: 4 saat için %2,5 SEVO+i.p. 5 µg.kg-1 DEX; Grup V: i.p. 0.5 µg.kg-1 DEX; Grup VI: i.p. 5 µg.kg-1 DEX verildi) . Sıçanların davranışları modifiye Radial Arm Maze testi ile incelendi. Yavruların sıçan beyninin nöroinflamasyon ve apoptoz için histopatolojik değerlendirmesi yapıldı. İstatistiksel değerlendirme SPSS 20.0 kullanılarak yapıldı, P değeri <0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Sıçanlarda erken yaşam döneminde 4 saat boyunca tek seferlik %2,5 SEVO maruziyeti histolojik olarak beyin dokusunda nöroinflamasyon belirtileri göstermemekle birlikte davranış testinde öğrenme ve hafızada bozulmaya yol açmıştır (P<0,05). Beyin dokusunun CA3 aşamasında apoptoz yüzdesi SEVO+DEX gruplarında kontrol ve tek SEVO grupları ile karşılaştırıldığında azaldı (P<0.05).
Sonuç: SEVO'ya DEX eklenmesi, hafıza ve öğrenme işlevinde daha az bozulmaya neden oldu. Ancak tek 5 µg.kg-1 DEX, öğrenme ve hafıza işlevini olumsuz etkiledi, ancak lokomotor aktiviteyi ve kaygıyı etkilemedi.

Keywords

sevofluran, deksmedetomidin, yavru fareler, nörotoksik, kognitif değişiklikler

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