Research Article
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Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul

Year 2020, Issue: 61, 107 - 123, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2019-0075

Abstract

The main objective of this article is to analyze the link between the expansion of the city and the variety of taste in music with regards to the patterns of suburbanization, modernization and cultural plurality in Turkey. This study thus investigates the impact of social change on musical preferences within the context of Ataşehir, a rapidly growing former suburb of Istanbul. With a particular focus on musical preferences, it examines the predictors of taste including socio-economic and cultural background variables. In our models, by employing quantitative methods, we analyze the patterns of preference for twelve different musical genres grouped under popular, traditional and sophisticated styles. The results of our analyses reveal a high level of interest in both pop music and Turkish folk music among other genres. We thus suggest that global and local music genres coexist though a hybridization of taste at both the lower and upper end of social strata fuelled by factors such as rapid urbanization, migration and globalization. Regarding the multicultural dispositions of Istanbul, its former suburban regions display highly fragmented taste cultures where residents from different backgrounds allow a cultural conjunction in the suburban milieu.

References

  • Adorno, T. W. (2002). Essays on music. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Adorno, T. W. (1994). Introduction à la sociologie de la musique. Genève: Contrechamps.
  • Adorno, T. W., & Horkheimer, M. (1979). Dialectics of Enlightenment. London: Verso. Agresti, A. (2002). Categorical data analysis. Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience. Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Attali, J. (1985). Noise: The political economy of music. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Bates, E. (2011). Music in Turkey, Experiencing music, expressing culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bohlman, P. V. (2002). World music: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1979). La Distinction: Critique sociale du jugement. Paris: Editions de Minuit. Bourdieu, P. (1990). The logic of practice. Cambridge: Stanford University Press.
  • Burgess, E. (2008). The growth of the city: An introduction to a research project. In J. Mazluff (Ed.), Urban Ecology (pp. 71–78).
  • Boston: Springer. Coulangeon P. (2005). Social Stratification of Musical Tastes: Questioning the Cultural Legitimacy Mode. Revue française de sociologie, 46, 123–154.
  • DiMaggio, P., & Useem, M. (1978). Social class and arts consumption. Theory and Society, 5(2), 141–161.
  • Featherstone, M. (1990). Global culture, nationalism, globalization and modernity. London: Sage. Feld, S. (2000). A sweet lullaby for world music. Public Culture, 12(1), 145–171.
  • Gans, H. (2008). Popular culture and high culture: An analysis and evaluation of taste. New York: Basic Books. Hannerz, U. (1987). The world in creolisation. Africa, 57, 546–59.
  • Kandiyoti, D., & Saktanber, A. (2002). Fragments of culture: The everyday of modern Turkey. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  • Katz-Gerro, T. (2002). Highbrow cultural consumption and class distinction in Italy, Israel, West Germany, Sweden, and the United States. Social Forces, 81(1), 207–229.
  • Keleş, R. (2918). Kentleşme politikası [Politics of urbanization]. Istanbul: Imge.
  • Lamont M., & Fournier, M. (1992). Cultivating differences: Symbolic boundaries and the making of inequality. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
  • Lewis, B. (1968). The emergence of modern Turkey. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Markoff, I. (1994). Popular culture, state ideology, and national identity in Turkey: The arabesk polemic. In Ş. Mardin (Ed.), Cultural transitions in the Middle East (pp. 227–243). Leiden: Brill.
  • Özgür, I. (2006). Arabesk music in Turkey in the 1990s and changes in national demography, politics, and identity. Turkish Studies, 17(2), 175–190.
  • Özbek, M. (1991). Popüler kültür ve Orhan Gencebay arabeski [Popular culture and Orhan Gencebay’s arabesk]. Istanbul: İletişim.
  • Peterson, R. (1992). Understanding audience segmentation: From elite and mass to omnivore and univore. Poetics, 21(4), 243–258. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(92)90008-Q
  • Peterson, R. and Kern R. (1996). Changing highbrow taste: from snob to omnivore. American Sociological Review, 61(5), 900–907. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2307/2096460
  • Signell, K. (1980). Turkey’s classical music, a class symbol. Asian Music, 12(1), 164–169. Retrieved from https://doi. org/10.2307/833803
  • Silbermann, A. (1963). The sociology of music. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Stokes, M. (1992). The arabesk debate: Music and musicians in modern Turkey. Oxford: Claridon Press.
  • Stokes, M. (1989). Music, fate and state: Turkey’s arabesk debate. Middle East Report, 160, 27–30.
  • Slobin, M. (1993). Subcultural sounds, micromusics of the west. New York: Wesleyan University Press. Supičić, I. (1987). Music in society: A guide to the sociology of music. New York: Pendragon Press.
  • Tagg, P. (1982). Analyzing popular music: Theory, method and practice. Popular Music, 2, 37–67.
  • Tekeli, I. (2014). Lessons from Turkey’s urbanization experience. Ankara: Tepav Publications.
  • Tekelioğlu, O. (2001). Modernizing reforms and Turkish music in the 1930s. Turkish Studies 2(1), 93–108.
  • Tomlinson, J. (1999) Globalization and culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Ulusan, H., & Dulgeroglu-Yuksel, Y. (2011). Reading the ‘urban mixtie’ through residential environments in a mega city: case Istanbul. Enhr Conference 2011 Proceedings, Toulouse, 1–14. Retrieved from https://www.enhr. net/2011_france.php
  • Woodard, K. (2007). Music mediating politics in Turkey: The case of Ahmed Adnan Saygun. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 27(3), 552–562.
  • Yarar, B. (2008). Politics of/and popular music: An analysis of the history of arabesk music from the 1960s to the 1990s in Turkey. Cultural Studies, 22(1), 35–79.

Müzik, Kent ve Toplumsal Değişme: İstanbul’un Eski Çeper İlçelerinden Birinde Müzik Tercihleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2020, Issue: 61, 107 - 123, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2019-0075

Abstract

Bu makalenin ana amacı Türkiye’deki altkentleşme, modernleşme ve kültürel çoğulluk örüntüleri bileşkesinden yola çıkarak kentsel yayılma ve müzik beğenilerinin çeşitliliğini analiz etmektir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma İstanbul’un hızla gelişen eski çeper ilçelerinden biri olan Ataşehir çerçevesinde, Türkiye’de toplumsal değişmenin müzik tercihleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. Araştırma, müzik tercihleri üzerine odaklanıp, beğenilerin belirleyicileri olarak sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel değişkenler arka planını incelemektedir. Niceliksel araştırma yöntemleri kullandığımız araştırma modelimizde, popüler, geleneksel ve sofistike stiller büyük başlıkları altında gruplanmış on iki farklı müzik türüne yönelik tercih örüntüleri analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarımıza göre, diğer tüm müzik türlerine kıyasla pop müzik ile türkü ya da Türk halk müziğinin en çok tercih edilen türler olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularından hareketle, hızlı kentleşme, göç hareketleri ve küreselleşmenin etkisi altında bir ilçenin toplumsal tabakalarının hem yüksek hem düşük katmanlarında, küresel ve yerel müzik türlerinin melez estetik beğeniler oluşturacak şekilde bir arada bulunduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Buna göre, İstanbul’un çokkültürlü yapısına uygun olarak eskiden çeper ilçe olup hızla gelişen bölgelerinde çok katmanlı beğeni kamuları açığa çıkmakta, bu bölgede yaşayanlar da kentin merkezinden farklı bir ortamda farklı geçmiş ve sosyal arka plan özellikleriyle bir kültürel yol ağzı oluşturmaktadır.

References

  • Adorno, T. W. (2002). Essays on music. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Adorno, T. W. (1994). Introduction à la sociologie de la musique. Genève: Contrechamps.
  • Adorno, T. W., & Horkheimer, M. (1979). Dialectics of Enlightenment. London: Verso. Agresti, A. (2002). Categorical data analysis. Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience. Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Attali, J. (1985). Noise: The political economy of music. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Bates, E. (2011). Music in Turkey, Experiencing music, expressing culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bohlman, P. V. (2002). World music: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1979). La Distinction: Critique sociale du jugement. Paris: Editions de Minuit. Bourdieu, P. (1990). The logic of practice. Cambridge: Stanford University Press.
  • Burgess, E. (2008). The growth of the city: An introduction to a research project. In J. Mazluff (Ed.), Urban Ecology (pp. 71–78).
  • Boston: Springer. Coulangeon P. (2005). Social Stratification of Musical Tastes: Questioning the Cultural Legitimacy Mode. Revue française de sociologie, 46, 123–154.
  • DiMaggio, P., & Useem, M. (1978). Social class and arts consumption. Theory and Society, 5(2), 141–161.
  • Featherstone, M. (1990). Global culture, nationalism, globalization and modernity. London: Sage. Feld, S. (2000). A sweet lullaby for world music. Public Culture, 12(1), 145–171.
  • Gans, H. (2008). Popular culture and high culture: An analysis and evaluation of taste. New York: Basic Books. Hannerz, U. (1987). The world in creolisation. Africa, 57, 546–59.
  • Kandiyoti, D., & Saktanber, A. (2002). Fragments of culture: The everyday of modern Turkey. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  • Katz-Gerro, T. (2002). Highbrow cultural consumption and class distinction in Italy, Israel, West Germany, Sweden, and the United States. Social Forces, 81(1), 207–229.
  • Keleş, R. (2918). Kentleşme politikası [Politics of urbanization]. Istanbul: Imge.
  • Lamont M., & Fournier, M. (1992). Cultivating differences: Symbolic boundaries and the making of inequality. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
  • Lewis, B. (1968). The emergence of modern Turkey. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Markoff, I. (1994). Popular culture, state ideology, and national identity in Turkey: The arabesk polemic. In Ş. Mardin (Ed.), Cultural transitions in the Middle East (pp. 227–243). Leiden: Brill.
  • Özgür, I. (2006). Arabesk music in Turkey in the 1990s and changes in national demography, politics, and identity. Turkish Studies, 17(2), 175–190.
  • Özbek, M. (1991). Popüler kültür ve Orhan Gencebay arabeski [Popular culture and Orhan Gencebay’s arabesk]. Istanbul: İletişim.
  • Peterson, R. (1992). Understanding audience segmentation: From elite and mass to omnivore and univore. Poetics, 21(4), 243–258. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(92)90008-Q
  • Peterson, R. and Kern R. (1996). Changing highbrow taste: from snob to omnivore. American Sociological Review, 61(5), 900–907. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2307/2096460
  • Signell, K. (1980). Turkey’s classical music, a class symbol. Asian Music, 12(1), 164–169. Retrieved from https://doi. org/10.2307/833803
  • Silbermann, A. (1963). The sociology of music. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Stokes, M. (1992). The arabesk debate: Music and musicians in modern Turkey. Oxford: Claridon Press.
  • Stokes, M. (1989). Music, fate and state: Turkey’s arabesk debate. Middle East Report, 160, 27–30.
  • Slobin, M. (1993). Subcultural sounds, micromusics of the west. New York: Wesleyan University Press. Supičić, I. (1987). Music in society: A guide to the sociology of music. New York: Pendragon Press.
  • Tagg, P. (1982). Analyzing popular music: Theory, method and practice. Popular Music, 2, 37–67.
  • Tekeli, I. (2014). Lessons from Turkey’s urbanization experience. Ankara: Tepav Publications.
  • Tekelioğlu, O. (2001). Modernizing reforms and Turkish music in the 1930s. Turkish Studies 2(1), 93–108.
  • Tomlinson, J. (1999) Globalization and culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Ulusan, H., & Dulgeroglu-Yuksel, Y. (2011). Reading the ‘urban mixtie’ through residential environments in a mega city: case Istanbul. Enhr Conference 2011 Proceedings, Toulouse, 1–14. Retrieved from https://www.enhr. net/2011_france.php
  • Woodard, K. (2007). Music mediating politics in Turkey: The case of Ahmed Adnan Saygun. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 27(3), 552–562.
  • Yarar, B. (2008). Politics of/and popular music: An analysis of the history of arabesk music from the 1960s to the 1990s in Turkey. Cultural Studies, 22(1), 35–79.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Uğur Zeynep Güven This is me 0000-0002-6948-2277

Yunus Kaya This is me 0000-0002-6624-2884

Andrew J. Perrin This is me 0000-0003-0966-0219

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date October 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 61

Cite

APA Güven, U. Z., Kaya, Y., & Perrin, A. J. (2020). Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul. Journal of Economy Culture and Society(61), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2019-0075
AMA Güven UZ, Kaya Y, Perrin AJ. Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul. Journal of Economy Culture and Society. June 2020;(61):107-123. doi:10.26650/JECS2019-0075
Chicago Güven, Uğur Zeynep, Yunus Kaya, and Andrew J. Perrin. “Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 61 (June 2020): 107-23. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2019-0075.
EndNote Güven UZ, Kaya Y, Perrin AJ (June 1, 2020) Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul. Journal of Economy Culture and Society 61 107–123.
IEEE U. Z. Güven, Y. Kaya, and A. J. Perrin, “Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul”, Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 61, pp. 107–123, June 2020, doi: 10.26650/JECS2019-0075.
ISNAD Güven, Uğur Zeynep et al. “Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society 61 (June 2020), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2019-0075.
JAMA Güven UZ, Kaya Y, Perrin AJ. Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul. Journal of Economy Culture and Society. 2020;:107–123.
MLA Güven, Uğur Zeynep et al. “Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul”. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, no. 61, 2020, pp. 107-23, doi:10.26650/JECS2019-0075.
Vancouver Güven UZ, Kaya Y, Perrin AJ. Music, City and Social Change: A Study of Musical Preferences in a Former Suburb of Istanbul. Journal of Economy Culture and Society. 2020(61):107-23.