Public Service Motivation’s Mediating Role in the Effect Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Justice Have on Organizational Commitment in Higher Education Institutions

Year 2022, Issue: 66, 29 - 54, 16.01.2023

Salih Avcı , Adnan Karataş

https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS2021-883087

Abstract

This research aims to determine the mediating effect that public service motivation (PSM) has on the effects from the factors of organizational justice and corporate social responsibility (CSR) from the perspectives of social identity theory, social exchange theory, and organizational justice theory. The sample of the study was selected from the academic staff of Atatürk University, which ranks first in terms of the number of university social responsibility projects in the category of community service and social responsibility according to the university monitoring and evaluation reports published in 2019 by Türkiye’s Council of Higher Education. The data were collected from 341 samples using the questionnaire method based on a five-point Likert-type scale. The results from analyzing the data obtained from the questionnaire have determined faculty members’ perceptions of organizational justice and CSR to have both direct and indirect effects on their emotional and normative commitment levels. Meanwhile, the findings from this study have also determined PSM to have a mediating effect, and this is an important contribution to the literature that accepts the premise of organizational justice and CSR as significant variables of organizational commitment.

Keywords

Public Services Motivation, Corporate Social Responsibility, Organizational Justice, Organizational Commitment

Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk ve Örgütsel Adalet Algısının Örgütsel Bağlılığa Etkisinde Kamu Hizmetleri Motivasyonunun Aracı Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Bu araştırma sosyal kimlik kuramı, sosyal mübadele kuramı ve örgütsel adalet kuramı perspektiflerinden kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk (KSS) ve örgütsel adalet faktörlerinin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisinde, kamu hizmetleri motivasyonunun (KHM) aracılık etkisinin tespit edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Yükseköğretim Kurulu’nun 2019 yılında yayınladığı üniversite izleme ve değerlendirme raporlarına göre topluma hizmet ve sosyal sorumluluk kategorisinde, üniversite sosyal sorumluluk proje sayısı alanında birinci sırada yer alan Atatürk Üniversitesinde çalışan öğretim elemanlarından seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın evreninden çok aşamalı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak evreni temsil gücü yüksek bir örneklem grubu belirlenmiştir. Veriler beşli Likert ölçeğine dayalı anket yöntemi ile 341 katılımcıdan toplanmıştır. Bu verilerden yola çıkarak kullanılan ölçeklerin istatistiksel olarak geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonrasında yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılarak değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler, doğrudan etkiler, dolaylı etkiler, tam aracılık rolleri ve kısmi aracılık rolleri analiz edilmiştir. Anketten elde edilen verilerin analizi neticesinde öğretim elemanlarının örgütsel adalet ve KSS algılarının duygusal ve normatif bağlılıkları üzerinde hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan bu çalışmanın bulguları ile örgütsel adalet ve KSS’yi örgütsel bağlılığın önemli öncül değişkeni olarak kabul eden literatüre önemli bir katkı olarak KHM’nin aracılık etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Kamu hizmetleri motivasyonu, Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk, Örgütsel adalet, Örgütsel bağlılık

References

• Abdelmotaleb, M. ve Saha, S.K. (2019). Corporate social responsibility, public service motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in the public sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 42(11), 929-939. google scholar
• Aguinis, H. ve Glavas, A. (2012). What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility. Journal of Management, 38(4), 932-968. google scholar
• Ahmad, R., Ahmad, S., Islam, T. ve Kaleem, A. (2020). The nexus of corporate social responsibility (CSR), affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in academia A model of trust. Employee Relations, 42(1), 232-247. google scholar
• Allen, N.J. ve Meyer, J.P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of occupational psychology, 63(1), 1-18. google scholar
• Ashforth, B.E. ve Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39. google scholar
• Bergman, M.E. (2006). The relationship between affective and normative commitment: review and research agenda. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(5), 645-663. google scholar
• Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. google scholar
• Boylu, Y., Pelit, E. ve Güçer, E. (2007). Akademisyenlerin örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri üzerine bir araştırma. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 44(511), 55-74. google scholar
• Brammer, S., Millington, A. ve Rayton, B. (2007). The contribution of corporate social responsibility to organizational commitment. International Journal ofHuman Resource Management, 18(10), 1701-1719. google scholar
• Bright, L. (2008). Does public service motivation really make a difference on the job satisfaction and turnover intentions of public employees? The American Review ofPublic Administration, 38(2), 149-166. google scholar
• Brislin, R.W., Lonner, W.J. ve Thorndike, R.M. (1973). Cross Cultural Research Methods. New York: John Wiley and Sons Publication. google scholar
• Buchanan, B. (1975). Red-tape and the service ethic: Some unexpected differences between public and private managers. Administration & Society, 6(4), 423-444. google scholar
• Büyükyılmaz, O., Tunçbiz, B. (2016). “Örgütsel adaletin örgütsel bağlılığa etkisi: Akademik personel üzerinde bir araştırma”. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(14), 90-114. google scholar
• Byrne, B.M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS, EQS, and LISREL: Comparative approaches to testing for the factorial validity of a measuring instrument. International Journal of Testing, 1(1), 55-86. google scholar
• Çalışkan, O. (2010). Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algılama boyutunun personelinin iş tatminine ve işte kalma niyetine etkisi: Antalya bölgesinde yer alan beş yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerinde çalışanlar üzerinde bir araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. google scholar
• Camilleri, E. (2007). Antecedents affecting public service motivation. Personnel Review, 36(3), 356-377. google scholar
• Carroll, A.B. (1979). A three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497-505. google scholar
• Chang, E. (1999). “Career commitment as a complex moderator of organizational commitment and turnover intention”. Human Relations, 52(10), 1257-1278. google scholar
• Christensen, R.K. ve Wright, B.E. (2011). The effects of public service motivation on job choice decisions: Disentangling the contributions of person-organization fit and person-job fit. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21(4), 723-743. google scholar
• Cihangiroğlu, N. (2009). Örgütsel bağlılığın belirleyicileri olarak örgütsel adalet ve kararlara katılım. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. google scholar
• Clerkin, R.M., Paynter, S.R. ve Taylor, J.K. (2009). Public service motivation in undergraduate giving and: volunteering decisions. The American Review of Public Administration, 39(6), 675-698. google scholar
• Çolak, M. ve Erdost, H.E. (2004). Organizational justice: A review of the literature and some suggestions for future research. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 51-84. google scholar
• Colquitt, J.A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: a construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386-400. google scholar
• Colquitt, J.A., Conlon, D.E., Wesson, M.J., Porter, C.O. ve Ng, K.Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: a meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425-445. google scholar
• Costin, H. ve Tregua, M. (2018). Implementing CSR in higher education: A taxonomy of approaches. Charlotte: Information Age Publishing-Iap. google scholar
• Crewson, P.E. (1997). Public-service motivation: Building empirical evidence of incidence and effect. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 7(4), 499-518. google scholar
• Cropanzano, R. ve Mitchell, M.S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874-900. google scholar
• Crow, M.S., Lee, C.B. ve Joo, J.J. (2012). Organizational justice and organizational commitment among South Korean police officers. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 35(2), 402-423. google scholar
• Dağlı, M. (2016). Psikolojik sözleşme ihlalleri, örgütsel vatandaşlık ve örgütsel adalet algısı ilişkisine yönelik bir araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Anabilim Dalı. google scholar
• De Roeck, K. ve Maon, F. (2018). Building the theoretical puzzle of employees’ reactions to corporate social responsibility: An integrative conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(3), 609-625. google scholar
• Du, S.L., Bhattacharya, C.B. ve Sen, S. (2010). Maximizing business returns to corporate social responsibility (CSR): The role of CSR communication. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 8-19. google scholar
• Edwards, M.R. ve Kudret, S. Multi-foci CSR perceptions, procedural justice and in-role employee performance: the mediating role of commitment and pride. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 169-188. google scholar
• Ellemers, N., Kingma, L., van de Burgt, J. ve Barreto, M. (2011). Corporate social responsibility as a source of organizational morality, employee commitment and satisfaction. Journal of Organizational Moral Psychology, 1(2), 97-124. google scholar
• Esfijani, A., Hussain, F.K. and Chang, E. (2013). University social responsibility ontology. Engineering Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 291-306. google scholar
• Farooq, O., Payaud, M., Merunka, D. ve Valette-Florence, P. (2014). The impact of corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment: Exploring Multiple Mediation Mechanisms. Journal of Business Ethics, 125(4), 563-580. google scholar
• Freeman, R.E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Boston: Pitman. google scholar
• Giauque, D., Ritz, A., Varone, F. ve Anderfuhren-Bıget, S. (2012). Resigned but satisfied: The negative impact of public service motivation and red tape on work satisfaction. Public Administration, 90(1), 175-193. google scholar
• Gilliland, S. (2008). The tails of justice: A critical examination of the dimensionality of organizational justice constructs. Human Resource Management Review, 18(4), 271-281. google scholar
• Glavas, A. ve Kelley, K. (2014). The Effects of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Attitudes. Business Ethics Quarterly, 24(2), 165-202. google scholar
• Gond, J.P., El-Akremi, A., Igalens, J. ve Swaen, V. (2010). Corporate social responsibility influence on employees. International Center for Corporate Social Responsibility, 54, 1-47. google scholar
• Gouldner, A. W. (1960). The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement. American Sociological Review, 25(2), 161-178. google scholar
• Gould-Williams, J.S., Bottomley, P., Redman, T.O.M., Snape, E.D., Bishop, D.J., Limpanitgul, T. ve Mostafa, A.M.S. (2014). Civic Duty and Employee Outcomes: Do High Commitment Human Resource Practices and Work Overload Matter? PublicAdministration, 92(4), 937-953. google scholar
• Grant, A.M. (2007). Relational Job Design and the Motivation to Make a Prosocial Difference. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 393-417. google scholar
• Grant, A.M. ve Sumanth, J.J. (2009). Mission possible? The performance of prosocially motivated employees depends on manager trustworthiness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(4), 927-944. google scholar
• Greenwood, M. (2007). Stakeholder engagement: Beyond the myth of corporate responsibility. Journal of Business ethics, 74(4), 315-327. google scholar
• Gumport, P.J. (1997). Public universities as academic workplaces. Daedalus, 126(4), 113-136. google scholar
• Hayes, A.F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford publications. google scholar
• Hofman, P.S. ve Newman, A. (2014). The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment and the moderating role of collectivism and masculinity: evidence from China. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(5), 631-652. google scholar
• Hou, T.C.T. (2019). The relationship between corporate social responsibility and sustainable financial performance: firm-level evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(1), 19-28. google scholar
• Işık, O., Uğurluoğlu, Ö., Akbolat, M. (2012). Sağlık kuruluşlarında örgütsel adalet algılarının örgütsel bağlılığa etkisi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(2), 254-265. google scholar
• Jaros, S. J., Jermier, J. M., Koehler, J. W., Sincich, T. (1993). Effects of continuance, affective, and moral commitment on the withdrawal process: An evaluation of eight structural equation models. Academy of Management Journal, 36 (5), 951-995. google scholar
• Kim, S., Vandenabeele, W., Andersen, L.B., Cerase, F.P., Christensen, R.K., Koumenta, M., . . . Pedersen, L.H. (2010). Measuring public service motivation: developing an instrument for international use. Paper at the Annual conference of the European Group for Public Administration, Toulouse, France, September, 8-10. google scholar
• Kucukusta, D., Denizci Guillet, B. ve Chan, H.L. (2016). The effect of CSR practices on employee affective commitment in the airline industry. Journal of China Tourism Research, 12(3-4), 451-469. google scholar
• Laplume, A.O., Sonpar, K. ve Litz, R.A. (2008). Stakeholder theory: Reviewing a theory that moves US. Journal of Management, 34(6), 1152-1189. google scholar
• Lee, E.M., Park, S.-Y. ve Lee, H.J. (2013). Employee perception of CSR activities: Its antecedents and consequences. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1716-1724. google scholar
• Maignan, I. ve Ferrell, O. (2001). Antecedents and benefits of corporate citizenship: An investigation of French businesses. Journal of Business Research, 51(1), 37-51. google scholar
• Mascarenhas, C., Mendes, L, Marques, C. ve Galvâo, A. (2020). Exploring CSR’s influence on employees’ attitudes and behaviours in higher education. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(4), 653678. google scholar
• McGee, G. W., Ford, R. C. (1987). “Two (or more?) dimensions of organizational commitment: Reexamination of the affective and continuance commitment scales”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(4), 638-641. google scholar
• Mellor, S., Mathieu, J. E., Barnes-Farrell, J. L., Rogelberg, S. G. (2001). Employees’ nonwork obligations and organizational commitments: A new way to look at the relationships. Human Resource Management, 40 (2), 171-184. google scholar
• Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1 (1), 61-89. google scholar
• Meyer, J.P., Allen, N.J. ve Gellatly, I.R. (1990). Affective and continuance commitment to the organization: Evaluation of measures and analysis of concurrent and time-lagged relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(6), 710-720. google scholar
• Miles, J. (2016). Yönetim ve organizasyon kuramları. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık. google scholar
• Morrow, P.C. (1983). Concept redundancy in organizational research: The case of work commitment. Academy of Management Review, 8(3), 486-500. google scholar
• Morrow, P.C. (1993). The theory and measurement of work commitment (15. bs.). Greenwich: Jai Press. google scholar
• Mostafa, A.M.S., Gould-Williams, J.S. ve Bottomley, P. (2015). High-Performance Human Resource Practices and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Public Service Motivation. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 747-757. google scholar
• Musa, U.A. ve Rahman, A.A. (2015). Employee Perception of CSR Activities, Job Attachment and Organizational Commitment. Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 23, 1-16. google scholar
• Mutlu, H. M., Çeviker, A., Murat, E. (2009). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk, Örgütsel Bağlılık Ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışının İşletme Performansına Etkileri. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi, 1(3), 109150. google scholar
• Ng, T.W.H., Yam, K.C. ve Aguinis, H. (2019). Employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility: Effects on pride, embeddedness, and turnover. Personnel Psychology, 72(1), 107-137. google scholar
• Niehoff, B.P. ve Moorman, R.H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 527-556. google scholar
• Norris, P. (2003). Still a Public Service Ethos? Work values, experience, and job satisfaction among government workers For the People: Public Service for the 21st Century içinde (1. bs.). Harvard University Cambridge: Endicott Hall. google scholar
• Önder, Ç. ve Erdil, S.E. (2015). Ayni kurumsal beklentilere tabi aktörlerin farklılaşan davranışları: Ögretim üyelerinin bilimsel yayın üretkenliklerinin üniversite, bölüm ve birey düzeyindeki yordayıcıları. METU Studies in Development, 42(3), 481-519. google scholar
• Özdemir, H.Ö. (2007). Çalışanların kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algılamalarının örgütsel özdeşleşme, örgütsel bağlılık ve iş tatminine etkisi: OPET çalışanlarına yönelik uygulama. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi. google scholar
• Pandey, S.K. ve Stazyk, E.C. (2008). Antecedents and Correlates of Public Service Motivation. J.L. Perry ve A. Hondeghem (Ed.), Motivation in public management: The call of public service içinde. New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Park, T. (2018). The effect of CSR on organizational commitment with moderating role of emotional ıntelligence; evidence form pharmaceutical companies. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(12), 1453514543. google scholar
• Perry, J.L. (1996). Measuring public service motivation: An assessment of construct reliability and validity. Journal of public administration research and theory, 6(1), 5-22. google scholar
• Perry, J.L. ve Hondeghem, A. (2008). Building theory and empirical evidence about public service motivation. International Public Management Journal, 11(1), 3-12. google scholar
• Perry, J.L. ve Wise, L.R. (1990). The motivational bases of public service. Public administration review, 50(3), 367-373. google scholar
• Pirsch, J., Gupta, S., Grau, S. L. (2007). “A framework for understanding corporate social responsibility programs as a continuum: An exploratory study”. Journal of business ethics, 70(2), 125-140 google scholar
• Rahman, A.A., Castka, P. ve Love, T. (2019). Corporate social responsibility in higher education. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 916-928. google scholar
• Rodrigo, P., Aqueveque, C. ve Duran, I.J. (2019). Do employees value strategic CSR? A tale of affective organizational commitment and its underlying mechanisms. Business Ethics-a European Review, 28(4), 459-475. google scholar
• Rosso, B.D., Dekas, K.H. ve Wrzesniewski, A. (2010). On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 30, 91-127. google scholar
• Rupp, D.E. (2011). An employee-centered model of organizational justice and social responsibility. Organizational Psychology Review, 1(1), 72-94. google scholar
• Rupp, D.E., Ganapathi, J., Aguilera, R.V. ve Williams, C.A. (2006). Employee reactions to corporate social responsibility: an organizational justice framework. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(4), 537-543. google scholar
• Rupp, D.E., Shao, R., Thornton, M.A. ve Skarlicki, D.P. (2013). Applicants’ and Employees’ Reactions to Corporate Social Responsibility: The Moderating Effects of First-Party Justice Perceptions and Moral Identity. Personnel Psychology, 66(4), 895-933. google scholar
• Sample Size Calculator. (2017). Erişim tarihi: 12.01.2017, Erişim adresi: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm google scholar
• Schmiesing, R.J., Safrit, R.D. ve Gliem, J.A. (2003). Factors affecting OSU extension agents’ perceptions of organizational justice and job satisfaction. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 10(2), 25-35. google scholar
• Spence, M. (1973). Job market signaling. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-374. google scholar
• Suliman, A., Iles, P. (2000). Is continuance commitment beneficial to organizations? Commitment-performance relationship: A new look. Journal ofManagerial Psychology, 15 (5), 407-422. google scholar
• Tajfel, H. ve Turner, J.C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. S. Worchel ve W.G. Austin (Ed.), Psychology of Intergroup Relations içinde (7-24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall. google scholar
• Tanrıverdi, H., Koçaslan, G., Eğriboz, N. (2019). Örgütsel adalet, örgütsel bağlılık ve çalışan memnuniyeti arasında ilişki. Journal ofInternational Social Research, 12(62), 1604-1614. google scholar
• Turker, D. (2009a). How corporate social responsibility influences organizational commitment. Journal ofBusiness Ethics, 89(2), 189-204. google scholar
• Turker, D. (2009b). Measuring corporate social responsibility: A scale development study. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(4), 411-427. google scholar
• Vandenabeele, W. (2007). Toward a public administration theory of public service motivation: An institutional approach. Public Management Review, 9(4), 545-556. google scholar
• Vandenabeele, W. (2008). Development of a public service motivation measurement scale: Corroborating and extending Perry’s measurement instrument. International Public Management Journal, 11(1), 143-167. google scholar
• Vandenabeele, W. ve Van de Walle, S. (2008). International differences in public service motivation: Comparing regions across the world. J.L. Perry ve A. Hondeghem (Ed.), Motivation in public management: The call of public service içinde (1. bs., 223-244). New York: Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Voegtlin, C. ve Greenwood, M. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and human resource management: A systematic review and conceptual analysis. Human Resource Management Review, 26(3), 181-197. google scholar
• Wang, H.L., Tong, L., Takeuchi, R. ve George, G. (2016). Thematic ıssue on corporate social responsibility corporate social responsibility: An overview and new research directions. Academy of Management Journal, 59(2), 534544. google scholar
• Wasti, S. A. (2001). Örgütsel adalet kavramı ve tercüme bir ölçeğin Türkçe’de güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizi. Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 33-50. google scholar
• Wong, I.A. ve Gao, J.H. (2014). Exploring the direct and indirect effects of CSR on organizational commitment the mediating role of corporate culture. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(4), 500-525. google scholar
• Wright, B.E. ve Pandey, S.K. (2008). Public service motivation and the assumption of person—Organization fit: Testing the mediating effect of value congruence. Administration & Society, 40(5), 502-521. google scholar
• Wright, T.S.A. ve Wilton, H. (2012). Facilities management directors’ conceptualizations of sustainability in higher education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 31, 118-125. google scholar
• Yeung, S.M.C. (2018). Linking ISO 9000 (QMS), ISO 26000 (CSR) with accreditation requirements for quality indicators in higher education. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 29(13-14), 1594-1611. google scholar
• Yıldırım, F. (2002). Çalışma yaşamında örgüte bağlılık ve örgütsel adalet ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. google scholar
• YÖK. (2020). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Üniversite İzleme ve Değerlendirme Genel Raporu. Erişim 01.01.2020, Erişim adresi: https://atauni.edu.tr/yok-degerlendirme-raporu-aciklandi-ataturk-universitesi-sosyal-sorumluluk-projeleri-kategorisinde-turkiye-birincisi-oldu google scholar