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AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE EFFECT OF THE DISTANCE ON TURKEY’S EXPORTS: TRANSPORTATION MODES

Year 2022, , 56 - 64, 26.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1057179

Abstract

Gravity Models estimate the impact of transport costs on international trade, taking into account the distances between trading partners. Researchers traditionally use CEPII data in their Gravity Models based on the distance between the capitals or most populated cities of the countries. However, recent studies have shown that in- frastructure investments that could shorten the domestic distance from the starting point of trade to the gateway have a positive effect on international trade. In this study, the influence of distance on Turkey's exports is investigated by using the Gravity Model and domestic distances calculated based on provinces instead of the CEPII data. The results estimated separately for each mode of transportation, namely road, sea, air, and railway, reveal that the levels of their effect on exports are different from each other as well as the CEPII results.

References

  • Buch, C. M., Kleinert, J., & Toubal, F. (2004). The distance puzzle: on the interpretation of the distance coefficient in gravity equations. Economics Letters, 83(3), 293-298.
  • Coşar, A. K., & Demir, B. (2016). Domestic road infrastructure and international trade: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Development Economics, 118, 232-244.
  • Disdier, A.-C., & Head, K. (2008). The Puzzling Persistence of the Distance Effect on Bilateral Trade.
  • Kaukin, A., Tomaev, A., & Pavlov, P. (2020). Russian Domestic Trade: Applying the Gravity Mode for Rail Cargo Flows. Economic Policy.
  • Lux, M. (2012). Defying Gravity: The Substitutability of Transportation in International Trade. Germany: University Library of Munich.
  • Mulabdic, A., & Yasar, P. (2021). Gravity Model–Based Export Potential. Washington: World Bank.
  • Silva, J. S., & Tenreyno, S. (2006). The log of gravity. The Review of Economics and statistics, 88(4), 641-658.
  • Thibault, F. (2015). Structural gravity and fixed effects." Journal of International Economics. 97(1), 76-85.
  • Yotov, Y. V., Piermartini, R., Monteiro, J.-A., & Larch, M. (2016). An advanced guide to trade policy analysis: The structural gravity model. Geneva: World Trade Organization.

MESAFENİN TÜRKİYE’NİN İHRACATINA ETKİSİNDE ALTERNATİF BİR YAKLAŞIM: TAŞIMA MODLARI

Year 2022, , 56 - 64, 26.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1057179

Abstract

Çekim modelleri taşıma maliyetlerinin uluslararası ticarete etkisini ticaret ortakları arasındaki mesafeleri dikkate alarak tahmin etmektedir. Geleneksel olarak, uzaklık değişkeni dâhil edilirken ülkelerin başkentleri veya en kalabalık şehirleri arasındaki uzaklığı esas alan CEPII verisi kullanılmaktadır. Son çalışmalar, ticaretin başladığı yerden gümrük çıkış kapılarına kadar olan yurt içindeki mesafeyi kısaltacak veya ulaşımı kolaylaştıracak altyapı yatırımlarının uluslararası ticareti olumlu etkilediğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada, CEPII verilerinden farklı olarak ve iller bazında hesaplanan yurt içindeki uzaklıkların eklendiği Çekim Modelinde mesafenin Türkiye’nin ihracatına etkisi incelenmiştir. Kara, deniz, hava ve demir yolu için ayrı ayrı yapılan tahmin sonuçları mesafenin ihracata etkisinin taşıma yöntemlerine göre CEPII sonuçlarından farklı olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Buch, C. M., Kleinert, J., & Toubal, F. (2004). The distance puzzle: on the interpretation of the distance coefficient in gravity equations. Economics Letters, 83(3), 293-298.
  • Coşar, A. K., & Demir, B. (2016). Domestic road infrastructure and international trade: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Development Economics, 118, 232-244.
  • Disdier, A.-C., & Head, K. (2008). The Puzzling Persistence of the Distance Effect on Bilateral Trade.
  • Kaukin, A., Tomaev, A., & Pavlov, P. (2020). Russian Domestic Trade: Applying the Gravity Mode for Rail Cargo Flows. Economic Policy.
  • Lux, M. (2012). Defying Gravity: The Substitutability of Transportation in International Trade. Germany: University Library of Munich.
  • Mulabdic, A., & Yasar, P. (2021). Gravity Model–Based Export Potential. Washington: World Bank.
  • Silva, J. S., & Tenreyno, S. (2006). The log of gravity. The Review of Economics and statistics, 88(4), 641-658.
  • Thibault, F. (2015). Structural gravity and fixed effects." Journal of International Economics. 97(1), 76-85.
  • Yotov, Y. V., Piermartini, R., Monteiro, J.-A., & Larch, M. (2016). An advanced guide to trade policy analysis: The structural gravity model. Geneva: World Trade Organization.
There are 9 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ömer Tarık Gençosmanoğlu 0000-0003-3979-6387

Tahamuhammet Süleyman 0000-0001-7538-1862

Publication Date March 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Gençosmanoğlu, Ö. T., & Süleyman, T. (2022). AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE EFFECT OF THE DISTANCE ON TURKEY’S EXPORTS: TRANSPORTATION MODES. Journal of Empirical Economics and Social Sciences, 4(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.46959/jeess.1057179