A THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ETHICAL LEADERSHIP, ETHICAL ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORPORATE REPUTATION IN REPUTATION MANAGEMENT

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 19 - 35, 30.09.2019

Nigar Çağla Mutlucan

Abstract

In recent years, the reputation of corporations has been
damaged due to frequent financial crises and company scandals. Consequently, the
importance of reputation management has been increasing day by day. Therefore,
variables that can play a role in increasing and sustaining corporate
reputation have been investigated; these variables are ethical leadership,
ethical culture and corporate social responsibility. The literatüre review
revealed that especially the concepts of ethical leadership and ethical culture
have not been related to corporate reputation yet and that more studies should
be done in this area. In the theoretical model, ethical culture, ethical
leadership and corporate social responsibility are presumed to have a
significant and positive effect on corporate reputation. In addition, it is assumed
that ethical organizational culture will play a partial mediator role in the
relationship between ethical leadership and corporate reputation. Finally, the
limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are presented.

Keywords

Ethical Leadership, Ethical Culture, Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Reputation

İTİBAR YÖNETİMİNDE ETİK LİDERLİK, ETİK ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜ, KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK VE KURUMSAL İTİBAR İLİŞKİLERİ ÜZERİNE KURAMSAL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Abstract

Son yıllarda sıkça görülen finansal krizler ve şirket skandalları sebebiyle
kurumların itibarları yara almıştır. Dolayısıyla, itibar yönetimi konusunun
önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu sebeple, kurumsal itibarın artırılabilmesinde
ve sürdürülebilmesinde rol oynayabilecek değişkenler araştırılmıştır, bu
değişkenler etik liderlik, etik kültür ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluluktur. Yapılan
literatür taramasında özellikle etik liderlik ve etik kültür kavramlarının
kurumsal itibarla henüz çok fazla ilişkilendirilmediği ve bu konuda daha fazla
çalışma yapılması gerektiği görülmüştür. Oluşturulan kuramsal modelde etik
kültürün, etik liderliğin ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluluğun kurumsal itibar
üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olacağı öngörülmüştür. Ayrıca, modelde
etik örgüt kültürünün, etik liderlik ve kurumsal itibar arasındaki ilişkide kısmi
aracı değişken olarak rol alacağı tahmin edilmiştir. Son olarak çalışmanın
kısıtları ve bundan sonraki çalışmalarda araştırılabilecek konular sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Etik Liderlik, Etik Örgüt Kültürü, Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk, Kurumsal İtibar

References

• Aaronson, S.A. (2003) “Corporate Responsibility in the Global Village: The British Role Model and the American Laggard”, Business and Society Review, 108(3): 309–338.
• Aguinis, H. ve Glavas, A. (2012) “What We Know and Don’t Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda”, Journal of Management, 38(4): 932-968.
• Atakan, S. ve İşcioğlu, T.E. (2009) “Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Faaliyetlerine Yönelik Türk Tüketicilerinin Tutum ve Davranışları”, Pazarlama ve İletişim Kültürü Dergisi, 8(28): 40– 47.
• Bandura, A. (1977) “Social Learning Theory”, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
• Bandura, A. (1986) “Social Foundations of Thought and Action”, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
• Becan, C. (2013) “Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Kavramının Paydaş Teorisi ve İletişim Yaklaşımı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Bankaların Basın Bültenlerine Yönelik Bir İçerik Analizi”, Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi, 7(1): 16-35.
• Bedi, A., Alpaslan, C. M. ve Green, S. (2016) “A Meta-Analytic Review of Ethical Leadership Outcomes and Moderators”, Journal of Business Ethics, 139: 517-536.
• Blau, P. M. (1964) “Exchange and Power in Social Life”, New York, NY: Wiley.
• Bowd, R., Bowd, L. ve Harris, P. (2006) “Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility: An Exploratory Case Study of a Major UK Retail Centre”, Journal of Public Affairs, 6: 147-155.
• Bowen, H.R. (1953) “Social Responsibilities of the Businessman”, NY: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
• Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K. ve Harrison, D. (2005) “Ethical Leadership: A Social Learning Perspective for Construct Development and Testing”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97: 117–134.
• Brown, M. E. ve Trevino, L. K. (2006) “Ethical Leadership: A Review and Future Directions”, Leadership Quarterly, 17: 595–616.
• Carroll, A.B. (1991) “The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the Moral Management of Organizational Stakeholders”, Business Horizons, 34(4): 39-48.
• Chun, R. (2005) “Corporate Reputation: Meaning and Measurement”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(2): 91-109.
• Dowling, G. (2001) “Creating Corporate Reputations: Identity, Image, and Performance”, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Ebert, R.J. ve Griffin, R.W. (2017) “Business Essentials”, Eleventh Edition, Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
• Feldman, P.M., Bahamonde, R.A. ve Bellido, I.V. (2014) “A New Approach for Measuring Corporate Reputation”, RAE-Revista de Administraçao de Empresas, Sao Paulo, 24(1): 53-66.
• Fombrun, C.J. (1996) “Reputation: Realizing Value from the Corporate Image”, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
• Fombrun, C. ve Shanley, M. (1990) “What’s in a Name? Reputation Building and Corporate Strategy”, Academy of Management Journal, 33(2): 233–258.
• Fombrun, C. ve Van Riel. C.B.M. (1997) “The Reputational Landscape”, Corporate Reputation Review, 1(1/2): 5-13.
• Fombrun, C. ve Van Riel. C.B.M. (2004) “Fame and Fortune: How Successful Companies Build Winning Reputations”, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Gotsi, M. ve Wilson, A.M. (2001) “Corporate Reputation: Seeking a Definition”. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 6(1): 24-30.
• Huhtala, M., Feldt, T., Lamsa, A.M., Mauno, S., & Kinnunen, U. (2011) “Does the Ethical Culture of Organisations Promote Managers’ Occupational Well-Being? Investigating Indirect Links via Ethical Strain”, Journal of Business Ethics, 101(2): 231–247.
• Huhtala, M., Kaptein, M. ve Feldt, T. (2015) “How Perceived Changes in the Ethical Culture of Organizations Influence the Well-Being of Managers: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study”, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. doi:10.1080/1359432X.2015.1068761.
• Huhtala, M. ve Feldt, T. (2016) “The Path from Ethical Organizationalculture to Employee Commitment: Mediating Roles of Value Congruence and Work Engagement”, Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1(1): 3.
• Kangas, M., Muotka, J., Huhtala, M., Makikangas, A. ve Feldt, T. (2015) “Is the Ethical Culture of the Organization Associated with Sickness Absence? A Multi-Level Analysis in a Public Sector Organization”, Journal of Business Ethics. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2644-y.
• Kangas, M., Kaptein, M., Huhtala, M., Lamsa, A-M., Pihlajasaari, P. ve Feldt, T. (2018) “Why Do Managers Leave Their Organization? Investigating the Role of Ethical Organizational Culture in Managerial Turnover”, Journal of Business Ethics, 153(3): 707-723.
• Kaptein, M. (2008) “Developing and Testing a Measure for the Ethical Culture of Organizations: The Corporate Ethical Virtues Model”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(7): 923–947.
• Kaptein, M. (2009) “Ethics Programs and Ethical Culture: A Next Step in Unraveling Their Multi-Faceted Relationship”, Journal of Business Ethics, 89(2): 261–281.
• Kaptein, M. (2011) “Understanding Unethical Behavior by Unraveling Ethical Culture”, Human Relations, 64(6): 843–869.
• Onakoya, O.A. Moses, C.L., Iyiola, O.O., Salau, O.P. ve Ayoade, E.O. (2018) “Dataset on Ethical leadership and Corporate Reputation – Nigerian Deposit Money Banks׳ Perspective”, Data in Brief, 19: 847-852.
• Özdemir Çakır, H. (2016) “Sosyal Medyada Kurumsal İtibar Yönetimi”, İstanbul: Kriter Yayınevi.
• Özkalp, E. ve Kırel, Ç. (2010) “Örgütsel Davranış”, 4. Baskı, Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi.
• Pucetaite, R., Novelskaite, A. ve Markunaite, L. (2015) “The Mediating Role of Leadership Relationship in Building Organisational Trust on Ethical Culture of an Organisation”, Economics & Sociology, 8(3): 11.
• Riivari, E., Lamsa, A-M, Kujala, J. ve Heiskanen, E. (2012) "The Ethical Culture of Organisations and Organisational Innovativeness", European Journal of Innovation Management, 15(3): 310-331.
• Ruiz-Palomino, P., Martinez-Canas, R. ve Fontrodona, J. (2016) “Ethical Culture and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Person-Organization Fit”, Journal of Business Ethics, 116: 173-188.
• Sabuncuoğlu, Z., ve Tüz, M. (1998) “Örgütsel Psikoloji”, Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi.
• Schaubroeck, J. M., Hannah, S. T., Avolio, B. J., Kozlowski, S.W.J., Lord, R. G., Trevino, L. K., Dimotakis, N. ve Peng, A.C. (2012) “Embedding Ethical Leadership within and across Organizational Levels”, Academy of Management Journal, 55(5): 1053-1078.
• Schermerhorn, J.R. Jr. ve Bachrach, D. G. (2015) “Introduction to Management”, 13th Edition, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte Ltd.
• Trevino, L.K., Butterfield, K.D. ve McCabe, D.L. (1998) “The Ethical Context in Organizations: Influences on Employee Attitudes and Behaviors”, Business Ethics Quarterly, 8(3): 447–476.
• Trevino, L.K. ve Weaver, G.R. (2003) “Managing Ethics in Business Organizations: Social Scientific Perspective”, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
• Tricker. B. (2015) “Corporate Governance: Principles, Policies, and Practices”, 3rd Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Victor, B. ve Cullen, J.B. (1988) “The Organizational Bases of Ethical Work Climates”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1): 101–125.
• Yıldırım, G. (2010) “Kurumsal İtibar Oluşturmada CEO’nun Rolünün Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Tartışılması”, Anadolu Bil Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 20: 54-78.
• Witkowska, J. (2016) “Corporate Social Responsibility: Selected Theoretical And Empirical Aspects”, Comparative Economic Research, 19(1): 27-43.
• Zaal, R.O.S., Jeurissen, R.J.M ve Groenland, E.A.G. (2017) “Organizational Architecture, Ethical Culture, and Perceived Unethical Behavior Towards Customers: Evidence from Wholesale Banking”, Journal of Business Ethics:1-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3752-7.
• Zhu, Y., Sun, L.Y., ve Leung, A.S.M. (2014) “Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Reputation, and Firm Performance: The Role of Ethical Leadership”, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 31(4): 925-947.