The Mediator Role of Interaction Anxiety in the Relationship between Social Support Perception and Smartphone Addiction

Year 2019, , 63 - 75, 25.01.2019

Osman Tayyar Çelik , Necdet Konan

https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.397445

Cited By: 8

Abstract

Preservice teachers prepare for a profession that
requires intense communication and interaction. They are expected to gain
competencies in their profession in this process. These competencies include
the technical knowledge particular to the profession, and communication and
social skills. It is thus important to investigate the factors that affect the
academic and social interaction, the learning environment and the psycho-social
development of university students, and in particular, preservice teachers.
This study aims to investigate the relationship among preservice teachers’
social support perceptions, interaction anxiety and smartphone addiction. The
students from the faculty of education and the students with the pedagogical formation
training in İnönü University during the 2017-2018 academic year constituted the
population of the study and the participants were 496 preservice teachers who
were selected from this population using the random sampling technique.
Hypotheses were developed to investigate the relationship among the research
variables. After testing the hypotheses, the results indicated that the
preservice teachers’ social support perceptions and interaction anxiety
significantly predicts their smartphone addiction, that their social support
perceptions significantly predict their interaction anxiety, and that their
interaction anxiety has a mediator effect on the relationship between their
social support perceptions and smartphone addiction.

Keywords

Social support perception, interaction anxiety, smartphone addiction, preservice teachers

References

• Al-Barashdi, H. S., Bouazza, A., & Jabur, N. H. (2015). Smartphone addiction among university undergraduates: a literature review. Journal of Scientific Research & Reports, 4(3), 210-225.
• American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association.
• Baltacı, Ö. (2010). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal kaygı, sosyal destek ve problem çözme yaklaşımları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya.
• Bianchi, A., & Phillips, J. G. (2005). Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(1), 39-51.
• Can, A. (2014). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde veri analizi (2. Bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• Cohen, S. & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stres, social support and the buffering hypothesis. Psyhological Bulletin, 98 (2), 310-357.
• Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th Ed.). Taylor & Francis e-Library.
• Coşkun, H. (2009). Etkileşim kaygısı ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 12(23), 41-49.
• Çakır, Ö., ve Oğuz, E. (2017). Lise öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeyleri ile akıllı telefon bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişki. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 31(1), 418-429.
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. (2.Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
• Demirci, K., Akgönül, M., & Akpinar, A. (2015). Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(2), 85-92.
• Eker, D., Arkar, H. ve Yaldız, H. (2001). Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin gözden geçirilmiş formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 12(1), 17-25.
• Elhai, J. D., Dvorak, R. D., Levine, J. C., & Hall, B. J. (2017). Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology. Journal of affective disorders, 207, 251-259.
• Field. A. (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS (2. Ed.). Londan: Sage Publications.
• Fraenkel, J.R., & Wallen, N.E. (2003). How to design and evaluate research in education (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
• Gökçearslan, Ş., Mumcu, F. K., Haşlaman, T., & Çevik, Y. D. (2016). Modelling smartphone addiction: The role of smartphone usage, self-regulation, general self-efficacy and cyberloafing in university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 639-649.
• Harwood, J., Dooley, J. J., Scott, A. J., & Joiner, R. (2014). Constantly connected–The effects of smart-devices on mental health. Computers in Human Behavior, 34, 267-272.
• Heller, K., Swindle, R. W., & Dusenbury, L. (1986). Component social support processes: Comments and integration. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(4), 466.
• Huber, L. (2016). The role of social support and self-concept in victimization and social anxiety in adolescence (Unpublished Master Thesis). Northern Illinois University, Dekalb.
• Holmbeck, G. N. (1997). Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(4), 599.
• Hong, F. Y., Chiu, S. I., & Huang, D. H. (2012). A model of the relationship between psychological characteristics, mobile phone addiction and use of mobile phones by Taiwanese university female students. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2152-2159.
• Jacobsen, W. C., & Forste, R. (2011). The wired generation: Academic and social outcomes of electronic media use among university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(5), 275-280.
• Kahyaoğlu-Süt, H., Kurt, S., Uzal, Ö., & Özdilek, S. (2016). Efects of smartphone addiction level on social and educational life ın health sciences students. Euras Journal Fam Med, 5(1), 13-19.
• Kardefelt-Winther, D., 2014. A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior. 31, 351–354.
• Kim, S. J., & Byrne, S. (2011). Conceptualizing personal web usage in work contexts: a preliminary framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2271-2283.
• Kuyucu, M. (2017). Gençlerde akıllı telefon kullanımı ve akıllı telefon bağımlılığı sorunsalı:“akıllı telefon (kolik)” üniversite gençliği. Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition, 7(14), 328-359.
• King, A. S., Valença, A. M., Silva, A. O., Baczynski, T., Carvalho, M. R., & Nardi, A. E. (2013). Nomophobia: dependency on virtual environments or social phobia? Computers in Human Behavior, 29(1), 140-144.
• Kitamura, T., Kijima, N., Watanabe, K., Takezaki, Y. & Tanaka, E. (1999). Precedents of percieved social support: Personality and early life experiences. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 53, 649-654.
• Lee, Y. K., Chang, C. T., Lin, Y., & Cheng, Z. H. (2014). The dark side of smartphone usage: Psychological traits, compulsive behavior and technostress. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 373-383.
• Lee, J., Cho, B., Kim, Y., & Noh, J. (2015). Smartphone addiction in university students and its implication for learning. In Emerging issues in smart learning (pp. 297-305). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
• Lemon, J. (2002). Can we call behaviours addictive? Clinical Psychologist, 6, 44-49.
• Noyan, C. O., Enez Darçın, A., Nurmedov, S., Yılmaz, O. ve Dilbaz, N. (2015). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığı ölçeğinin kısa formunun üniversite öğrencilerinde Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması, Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16(Özel sayı.1), 73-81.
• Park, W. (2005). Mobile phone addiction. Mobile Communications, 31, 253–272.
• Park, N., & Lee, H. (2012). Social implications of smartphone use: Korean college students’ smartphone use and psychological well-being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(9), 491-497.
• Rubin, K. H., Coplan, R. J., & Bowker, J. C. (2009). Social withdrawal in childhood. Annual review of psychology, 60, 141-171.
• Salehan, M., & Negahban, A. (2013). Social network¬ing on smartphones: When mobile phones become addictive. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2632–2639.
• Samaha, M., & Hawi, N. S. (2016). Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance, and satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 321-325.Sapacz, M., Rockman, G., & Clark, J. (2016). Are we addicted to our cell phones?. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 153-159.
• Seo, D. G., Park, Y., Kim, M. K., & Park, J. (2016). Mobile phone dependency and its impacts on adolescents’ social and academic behaviors. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 282-292.
• Şar, A.H. (2013). Examination of loneliness and mobil phone addiction problem observed in teenagers from the some variables. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies International Journal of Social Science, 6(2). 1207-1220.
• Takao, M., Takahashi, S., & Kitamura, M. (2009). Addictive personality and problematic mobile phone use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(5), 501–507.
• Tan, Ç., Pamuk, M., & Dönder, A. (2013). Loneliness and mobile phone. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 103, 606-611.
• Terzi, S. (2008). Üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile algıladıkları sosyal destek arasındaki ilişki. Türk Psikolojik Danısma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3, 1-11.
• Walsh, S. P., White, K. M., & Young, R. McD. (2007). Young and connected: psychologicalinfluences of mobile phone use amongst Australian youth. In G. Goggin, & L. Hjorth (Eds.), Mobile media, july 2-4 2007. University of Sydney.
• Whiteside, S. P., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). The five factor model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and individual differences, 30(4), 669-689.
• Yen, J. Y., Yen, C. F., Chen, C. S., Tang, T. C., & Ko, C. H. (2009). The association between adult ADHD symptoms and internet addiction among college students: the gender difference. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 12(2), 187-191.
• Yıldırım, İ. (1997). Algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi, güvenirliği ve geçerliği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(13), 81-87.
• Yılmaz, G., Şar, A.H., ve Şivan, S. (2015). Ergenlerde mobil telefon bağımlığı ile sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Online Journal Of Technology Addiction & Cyberbullying, 2(2), 20-37.