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Yeni Ürün Geliştirme Projelerinde Yönlendirici Yönetim Anlayışı, Motivasyon ve İnovasyon Becerisi

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 33 - 60, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Günümüz iş dünyasının küresel ve teknolojik yapısı nedeniyle ortaya çıkan hiper-rekabet, özellikle de ileri teknoloji endüstrilerinde faaliyet göstermekte olan işletmeler için, inovasyonu zamanında üretme konusunda çapraz fonksiyonel yeni ürün geliştirme YÜG takımlarını kullanma yönünde bir ihtiyaç yaratmaktadır. Dolayısıyla YÜG takımlarının inovasyon becerisi geliştirmeleri önemli bir konu haline gelmektedir. İnovasyon becerisi; takım üyeleri, yapı ve YÜG süreçlerinin karşılıklı etkileşimlerinin bir sonucu olup; böylesi bir becerinin takımlarca geliştirilmesinin ve çeşitli YÜG projelerinde sürekli kullanılmasının ön koşullarından birisi takım üyelerinin motivasyon seviyeleridir. Geçmiş araştırmalar, YÜG takımları kapsamında motivasyonun takım üyelerinin hem takım lideriyle hem de birbirleriyle etkileşimlerinden kaynaklandığını ortaya koymuştur. Lakin hangi liderlik anlayışının motivasyonu ne yönde etkilediği ve inovasyon becerisi geliştirmenin bu ilişkiden nasıl etkilendiğine dair ilgili literatürdeki boşluk henüz doldurulabilmiş değildir.Bu çalışmada takım liderinin benimsediği yönetim anlayışının takım üyelerinin motivasyonlarına olan etkisiyle birlikte YÜG projelerinde inovasyon becerisi geliştirilmesinin takım üyelerinin motivasyonlarından nasıl etkilendiğinin açığa çıkarılması amaçlanmaktadır. Yine, bu çalışma –YÜG projeleri bağlamından yürütüldüğünden– proje karmaşasının motivasyon ile inovasyon becerisi arasındaki ilişkiye muhtemel moderatör etkisi de araştırılmaktadır. 145 YÜG takım üyesinden elde edilen verinin kullanıldığı bu çalışma sonucunda i YÜG takım liderlerinin yönlendirici yönetim anlayışlarının takım üyelerinin hem içsel hem de dışsal motivasyonları ile pozitif bir ilişki sergilediği, ii YÜG takım üyelerinin dışsal motivasyonlarının inovasyon becerisi geliştirme bağlamında bir uzmanlığı beraberinde getirdiği ve iii proje karmaşası arttıkça YÜG takım üyelerinin içsel motivasyonları ile inovasyon becerisi arasındaki ilişkinin de kuvvetlendiği bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın teorik ve yönetsel sonuçları tartışılmaktadır

References

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  • Açıkgöz, A., Günsel, A., Bayyurt, N., ve Kuzey, C. 2014. Team climate, team cognition, team intuition, and software quality: The moderating role of project complexity. Group Decision and Negotiation, 23: 1145-1176.
  • Aaron, J., ve Shenhar, A. J. 1998. From theory to practice: Toward a typology of project-management styles. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 45: 33-48.
  • Amit, R., ve Schoemaker, P. J. H. 1993. Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 33-46.
  • Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., ve Ford, M. T. 2014. Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic ıncentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140: 980-1008.
  • Chang, K-C., Sheu, T. S., Klein, G., ve Jiang, J. J. 2010. User commitment and collaboration: Motivational antecedents and project performance. Information and Software Technology, 52: 672-679.
  • Chin, W. W., 1998. The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Churchill, Jr. G. A. 1979. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16: 64-73.
  • Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
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  • Lynn, G. S., ve Akgün, A. E. 1998. Innovation strategies under the uncertainty: A continence approach. Engineering Management Journal, 10: 11-17.
  • Michie, J., ve Zumitzavan, V. 2012. The impact of ‘learning’ and ‘leadership’ management styles on organizational outcomes: A study of tyre firms in Thailand. Asia Pacific Business Review, 18: 607-630.
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  • Pheng, L. S., ve Leong, C. H. Y. 2001. Asian management style versus western management theories: A case study in construction project management. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16: 127-141.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., ve Organ, D. W. 1986. Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12: 531-544.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J-Y., ve Podsakoff, N. P. 2003. Common method bias in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal Applied Psychology, 88: 879-903.
  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., ve Will, A. 2005. SmartPLS - Version 2.0. Universität Hamburg, Hamburg.
  • Segars, A. 1997. Assessing the unidimensionality of measurement: A paradigm and illustration within the context of information systems research. Omega, 25: 107- 121.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. 1939. Business Cycles. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Sunindijo, R. Y., Hadikusumo, B. H. W., ve Ogunlana, S. 2007. Emotional intelligence and leadership styles in construction project management. Journal of Management In Engineering, 23: 166-170.
  • Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y-M., ve Lauro, C. 2005. PLS path modeling. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 48: 159-205.
  • Teo, T. S. H., Lim, V. K. G., ve Lai, R. Y. C. 1999. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage. Omega, The International Journal of Management Science, 27: 25-37.
  • Utterback, J. U. 1971. The process of technological ınnovation within the firm. Academy of Management Journal, 14: 75-88.
  • Van Offenbeek, M. A. G., ve Koopman, P. L.1996. “Scenarios for system development: Matching context and strategy. Behaviour & Information Technology, 15: 250-265.
  • West, M. A. 1990. The social psychology of innovation in groups. In: West M. A., ve Farr, J. L. (der.) Innovation and creativity at work: psychological and organizational strategies (81-100). Wiley, Chichester.
  • West, M. A., ve Wallace, M. 1991. Innovation in health care teams. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21: 303-315.
  • Zapata-Phelan, C. P., Colquitt, J. A., Scott, B. A., ve Livingston, B. 2009. Procedural justice, interactional justice, and task performance: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108: 93-105.

Directive Management Style, Motivation, and Innovation Capability in New Product Development Projects

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 33 - 60, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Based on the global and technological nature of business environment, hyper-competition has highlighted the need for firms, particularly those operating in high-tech industries, to rely on cross-functional new product development NPD teams to produce innovations in a timely manner. Therefore, the ability of NPD teams for innovation becomes a matter of concern. Innovation ability arises as a result of the mutual interactions among team members, structure, and NPD processes. In order to develop as well as to sustain such ability within NPD context, the motivation level of team members becomes very crucial. Previous studies revealed that motivation is highly dependent on the relationships and interactions between the leader and each team member and between each team member within the NPD context. However there is still a gap in the literature concerning how the leadership styles influence a team member’s motivation and how this given relationship is ultimately reflected on innovation ability. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of the leadership styles of team leaders on team member’s motivation; as well as to determine the role of team member motivation on developing innovation ability. Based on the fact that this study is conducted on NPD context, we also explored the potential moderator effect of project complexity on the relationship between the team member motivation and innovation ability. Partial least squares structural equation modeling PLS-SEM methodology was employed on the sample size of 145 NPD team members’ data. we found that i the directive management style of the NPD team leaders are associated with higher levels of both internal and external motivation of team members, ii the higher level of external motivation of team members result with a proficiency in the ability to innovate, and iii the higher the project complexity the stronger the relationship between internal motivation and the innovative capability. Implications for both theory and practice were discussed.

References

  • Açıkgöz, A. 2012. Bilgi-teknoloji ve yenilik üretim stratejisi (Ulusal yenilik sistemleri). İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları.
  • Açıkgöz, A., Günsel, A., Bayyurt, N., ve Kuzey, C. 2014. Team climate, team cognition, team intuition, and software quality: The moderating role of project complexity. Group Decision and Negotiation, 23: 1145-1176.
  • Aaron, J., ve Shenhar, A. J. 1998. From theory to practice: Toward a typology of project-management styles. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 45: 33-48.
  • Amit, R., ve Schoemaker, P. J. H. 1993. Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 33-46.
  • Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., ve Ford, M. T. 2014. Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic ıncentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140: 980-1008.
  • Chang, K-C., Sheu, T. S., Klein, G., ve Jiang, J. J. 2010. User commitment and collaboration: Motivational antecedents and project performance. Information and Software Technology, 52: 672-679.
  • Chin, W. W., 1998. The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Churchill, Jr. G. A. 1979. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16: 64-73.
  • Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
  • Cooper, R. B., ve Jayatilaka, B. 2006. Group creativity: The effects of extrinsic, ıntrinsic, and obligation motivations. Creativity Research Journal, 18: 153-172.
  • D’aveni, R. A. 1994. Hypercompetition: Managing the dynamics of strategic maneuvering. with R. Gunther, New York: The Free Press.
  • extrinsic motivation: Facilitating enjoyment of play, responsible work behavior, and
  • self-control. Motivation and Emotion, 29: 297-325.
  • İmamoğlu, S. Z., ve Açıkgöz, A. 2012. Milli yenilik sistemleri ve Türkiye için öneriler. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 1: 69-96.
  • Johnson, B., Edquist, C., ve Lundvall, B-A. 2003. Economic development and the national system of ınnovation approach. First Globelics Conference. Rio de Janeiro, November: 3-6.
  • Kumar, N., Stern, L. W., ve Anderson, J. C. 1993. Conducting interorganizational research using key informants. Academy of Management Journal, 36: 1633-1651.
  • Lewis, M. W., Welsh, M. A., Dehler, G. E., ve Green, S. G. 2002. Product development tensions: Exploring contrasting styles of project management. Academy of Management Journal, 45: 546-564.
  • Lynn, G. S., ve Akgün, A. E. 1998. Innovation strategies under the uncertainty: A continence approach. Engineering Management Journal, 10: 11-17.
  • Michie, J., ve Zumitzavan, V. 2012. The impact of ‘learning’ and ‘leadership’ management styles on organizational outcomes: A study of tyre firms in Thailand. Asia Pacific Business Review, 18: 607-630.
  • Nunnally, J. C. 1978. Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Pheng, L. S., ve Leong, C. H. Y. 2001. Asian management style versus western management theories: A case study in construction project management. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16: 127-141.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., ve Organ, D. W. 1986. Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12: 531-544.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J-Y., ve Podsakoff, N. P. 2003. Common method bias in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal Applied Psychology, 88: 879-903.
  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., ve Will, A. 2005. SmartPLS - Version 2.0. Universität Hamburg, Hamburg.
  • Segars, A. 1997. Assessing the unidimensionality of measurement: A paradigm and illustration within the context of information systems research. Omega, 25: 107- 121.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. 1939. Business Cycles. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Sunindijo, R. Y., Hadikusumo, B. H. W., ve Ogunlana, S. 2007. Emotional intelligence and leadership styles in construction project management. Journal of Management In Engineering, 23: 166-170.
  • Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y-M., ve Lauro, C. 2005. PLS path modeling. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 48: 159-205.
  • Teo, T. S. H., Lim, V. K. G., ve Lai, R. Y. C. 1999. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage. Omega, The International Journal of Management Science, 27: 25-37.
  • Utterback, J. U. 1971. The process of technological ınnovation within the firm. Academy of Management Journal, 14: 75-88.
  • Van Offenbeek, M. A. G., ve Koopman, P. L.1996. “Scenarios for system development: Matching context and strategy. Behaviour & Information Technology, 15: 250-265.
  • West, M. A. 1990. The social psychology of innovation in groups. In: West M. A., ve Farr, J. L. (der.) Innovation and creativity at work: psychological and organizational strategies (81-100). Wiley, Chichester.
  • West, M. A., ve Wallace, M. 1991. Innovation in health care teams. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21: 303-315.
  • Zapata-Phelan, C. P., Colquitt, J. A., Scott, B. A., ve Livingston, B. 2009. Procedural justice, interactional justice, and task performance: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108: 93-105.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Industrial Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Atif Açıkgöz This is me

Ayşe Günsel This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Açıkgöz, A., & Günsel, A. (2014). Yeni Ürün Geliştirme Projelerinde Yönlendirici Yönetim Anlayışı, Motivasyon ve İnovasyon Becerisi. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 3(2), 33-60.