National Innovation Systems and Suggestions for Turkey

Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 69 - 96, 01.06.2012

Salih Zeki İmamoğlu Atif Açıkgöz

Abstract

The concept of “National Innovation Systems NIS ”, which purports to maintain innovation and technology production in a systematic way, has emerged in 1990’s, leading the developed countries having the necessary infrastructure to systematically establish and maintain NIS. Today, NIS has become a model for countries intending to achieve a competitive and sustainable development. Hence the developing countries are in a struggle of establishing a peculiar innovation system. Turkey aiming to become a developed country should compose a NIS peculiar to itself. Previous researches show that Turkey has the infrastructure and organizations necessary for establishing a NIS. The only thing needed for the establishment of a NIS in Turkey is the systematic work flow, under the coordination of a single institution. In this paper a comprehensive literature research has been investigated for enabling full comprehension of NIS and a model, which may be suitable for Turkey, has been proposed.

Keywords

Innovation, National Innovation Systems, Elements of NIS, Universities, R&D Institutions.

Milli Yenilik Sistemleri ve Türkiye İçin Öneriler

Abstract

Yenilik ve teknoloji üretiminin sistemli bir şekilde yürütülmesini ifade eden “Milli Yenilik Sistemleri MYS ” bir kavram olarak literatürde 1990’larda ortaya çıkmaya başlamış ve MYS’nin oluşturulması için gerekli altyapıya ve kurumlara sahip olan gelişmiş ülkeler bu sistemi hızlı bir şekilde oluşturmuşlar ve başarılı bir şekilde de uygulamaktadırlar. Günümüzde artık MYS; rekabet gücü yüksek, sürdürülebilir ve istikrarlı bir kalkınma isteyen tüm ülkeler için bir model haline gelmiştir. Gelişmiş bir ülke konumuna gelmek isteyen Türkiye de kendisine özgü bir MYS oluşturmalıdır. Bunun sağlanması için MYS’nin tam olarak anlaşılması ve gerekli kurum ve altyapının uygun olup olmadığı irdelenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan araştırmalarda Türkiye’nin MYS’nin oluşturulması için gerekli altyapı ve kurumlara sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Türkiye’de MYS’nin oluşturulabilmesi için sadece çalışmaların bir kurum koordinatörlüğünde ve sistemli bir şekilde yürütülmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; MYS’nin anlaşılması için kapsamlı bir literatür araştırılması yapılmış ve Türkiye’ye uygun olabilecek bir model önerilmiştir

Keywords

Yenilik, Milli Yenilik Sistemleri, MYS’nin Unsurları, Üniversiteler, Ar-Ge Kurumları

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