Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Yönetişim Dinamikleri: Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, gelir düzeyi, eğitim olanakları, yaşam standartları ve sağlık hizmetleri gibi temel faktörleri gözeterek, çok boyutlu ve kapsamlı bir sosyoekonomik sistem oluşturmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu yaklaşım, yalnızca ekonomik büyümeyi değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal refahı ve çevresel dengeyi de dikkate alan bütüncül bir kalkınma modelini esas almaktadır. Yönetişim ise karar alma süreçlerinin ne kadar açık, katılımcı ve hesap verilebilir olduğunu tanımlayan bir kavramdır. Etkili bir yönetişim sistemi, kaynakların verimli kullanılması, yolsuzluğun önlenmesi, hukukun üstünlüğünün tesis edilmesi ve toplumun tüm kesimlerinin karar alma süreçlerine dâhil edilmesiyle sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, yönetişim kalitesi ve kişi başı milli gelir düzeyinin, sürdürülebilir kalkınma üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. 1990-2023 dönemi verileri kullanılarak, bu değişkenler arasında nedensellik yönünün belirlenmesi amacıyla Granger nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucu sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve yönetişim göstergesi olarak seçilen hükümet etkinliği arasında çift yönlü bir Granger nedensellik ilişkisi bulunurken kişi başı milli gelir ile sürdürülebilir kalkınma arasında tek yönlü Granger nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Yönetişim
• Nedensellik Testi

Sustainable Development and Governance Dynamics: An Empirical Investigation

Abstract

Sustainable development entails the design of a cohesive and resilient socioeconomic model that simultaneously addresses income equality, educational accessibility, healthcare provision, and overall quality of life. This approach is based on a holistic development model that takes into account not only economic growth but also social welfare and environmental balance. Governance is a concept that defines how open, participatory and accountable decision-making processes are. An effective governance system forms the basis of sustainable development by using resources efficiently, preventing corruption, establishing the rule of law and including all segments of society in decision-making processes. The main purpose of the study is to reveal the impact of governance quality and per capita national income on sustainable development. Using data from the period 1990-2023, Granger causality test was applied to determine the direction of causality between these variables. As a result of the analysis, a bidirectional Granger causality relationship was found between sustainable development and government effectiveness selected as the governance indicator, while a unidirectional Granger causality relationship was found between per capita national income and sustainable development.

Keywords

• Sustainable Development
• Governance
• Causality Test

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