REBA, RULA VE OWAS ERGONOMİK RİSK DEĞERLENDİRME YÖNTEMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: BİR OTO LASTİK İŞLETMESİ ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının önlenmesinde ergonomi önemli yere sahiptir. Kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarından korunmak için çalışma sırasında ortaya çıkan tüm risk faktörlerini tespit etmek gerekir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde bulunan bir oto lastik firmasında çalışanların lastik değiştirirken sergiledikleri çalışma duruşlarını REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) ve OWAS (Owako Working Position Analysis System) ergonomik risk analizi yöntemleri ile incelemek ve karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından çalışanların fotoğrafları çekilerek elde edilmiş ve çalışanların yazılı onamları alınmıştır. Oto lastik çalışanları yaptıkları iş gereği yedi farklı çalışma duruşu sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışanların yedi farklı çalışma duruşu için ergonomik risk değerlendirme sonuçları analiz edildiğinde REBA, RULA ve OWAS ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinin aynı sonuçları vermediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada OWAS ve REBA nihai puanları RULA nihai puanlarından daha düşük çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma işyeri hekimleri, iş güvenliği uzmanları ve kas iskelet sistemi ile çalışan yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencilerine yol gösterici kaynak niteliğinde bir örnek klavuz olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Oto Lastik Çalışanı
• Ergonomi
• OWAS
• REBA
• RULA

COMPARİSON OF REBA, RULA AND OWAS ERGONOMİC RİSK ASSESSMENT METHODS: AN EXAMPLE OF A CAR TİRE BUSİNESS

Abstract

Ergonomics has an important place in the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. In order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders, it is necessary to identify all risk factors that occur during work. This study was conducted to examine and compare the working postures of employees in an auto tire company in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey while changing tires with REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) and OWAS (Owako Working Position Analysis System) ergonomic risk analysis methods. The data of the study were obtained by the researcher by taking photographs of the employees and written consent of the employees was obtained. It was determined that auto tire workers exhibit seven different working postures due to their work. When the ergonomic risk assessment results of the employees for seven different working postures were analyzed, it was seen that REBA, RULA and OWAS ergonomic risk assessment methods did not give the same results. In addition, in this study, OWAS and REBA final scores were lower than RULA final scores. It is thought that this study will be a sample guide for occupational physicians, occupational safety specialists, and graduate and doctoral students working with the musculoskeletal system.

Keywords

• Car Tire Worker
• Ergonomic
• OWAS
• REBA
• RULA

References

1. Abd Rahman, M. N., Aziz, F. A., & Yusuff, R. M., 2009. Investigation of ergonomic risk factors in a car tyre service centre. National Symposium on Advancement in Ergonomics and Safety, 137.
2. Akıncı, B., Zenginler, Y., Begüm, K., Aslıhan, K., & Yeldan, İ., 2018. Beyaz Yakalı Çalışanlarda İşe Bağlı Boyun, Sırt ve Omuz Bölgelerine Ait Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıklarının ve İşe Devamsızlığza Etki Eden Faktörlerin İncelenmesi. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi, 8(4), 712-719.
3. Bridger, R. 2008. Introduction to ergonomics. Crc Press.
4. Choi, J., Gu, B., Chin, S., & Lee, J.-S., 2020. Machine learning predictive model based on national data for fatal accidents of construction workers. Automation in Construction, 110, 102974.
5. David, G. C., 2005. Ergonomic methods for assessing exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Occupational medicine, 55(3), 190-199.
6. Diego-Mas, J.-A., Alcaide-Marzal, J., & Poveda-Bautista, R., 2017. Errors using observational methods for ergonomics assessment in real practice. Human factors, 59(8), 1173-1187.
7. Diego-Mas, J.-A., Poveda-Bautista, R., & Garzon-Leal, D.-C., 2015. Influences on the use of observational methods by practitioners when identifying risk factors in physical work. Ergonomics, 58(10), 1660-1670.
8. Felekoğlu, B., & Taşan, S. Ö., 2017. İş ile ilgili kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarına yönelik ergonomik risk değerlendirme: Reaktif/proaktif bütünleşik bir sistematik yaklaşım. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(3).

9. Fığlalı, N., Cihan, A., Esen, H., Fığlalı, A., Çeşmeci, D., Güllü, M. K., & Yılmaz, M. K., 2015. Image processing-aided working posture analysis: I-OWAS. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 85, 384-394.
10. Gómez-Galán, M., Callejón-Ferre, Á.-J., Pérez-Alonso, J., Díaz-Pérez, M., & Carrillo-Castrillo, J.-A., 2020. Musculoskeletal risks: RULA bibliometric review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(12), 4354.
11. Gómez-Galán, M., Pérez-Alonso, J., Callejón-Ferre, Á.-J., & López-Martínez, J., 2017. Musculoskeletal disorders: OWAS review. Industrial health, 55(4), 314-337.
12. Hignett, S., & McAtamney, L., 2000. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA). Applied ergonomics, 31(2), 201-205.
13. Hita-Gutiérrez, M., Gómez-Galán, M., Díaz-Pérez, M., & Callejón-Ferre, Á.-J., 2020. An overview of REBA method applications in the world. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(8), 2635.
14. Joshi, M., & Deshpande, V. (2022). Study of association between OWAS, REBA and RULA with perceived exertion rating for establishing applicability. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 23(3), 313-332.
15. Karhu, O., Kansi, P., & Kuorinka, I., 1977. Correcting working postures in industry: A practical method for analysis. Applied ergonomics, 8(4), 199-201.
16. Kee, D., & Karwowski, W. (2007). A comparison of three observational techniques for assessing postural loads in industry. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 13(1), 3-14.
17. Kee, D., 2020. An empirical comparison of OWAS, RULA and REBA based on self-reported discomfort. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 26(2), 285-295.
18. Kee, D., 2022. Systematic comparison of OWAS, RULA, and REBA based on a literature review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(1), 595.
19. Kong, Y.-K., Lee, S.-y., Lee, K.-S., & Kim, D.-M., 2018. Comparisons of ergonomic evaluation tools (ALLA, RULA, REBA and OWAS) for farm work. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 24(2), 218-223.
20. Lins, C., Fudickar, S., & Hein, A., 2021. OWAS inter-rater reliability. Applied ergonomics, 93, 103357.
21. Lee, I.-S., Jeong, M.-G., & Choe, G.-I. (2003). Comparison of observational posture evaluation methods based on perceived discomfort. Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 22(1), 43-56.
22. Marak, T. R., Bhagat, D., & Borah, S., 2020. Musculoskeletal disorders of garo women workers engaged in tea-plucking activity: An ergonomic analysis. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 24(2), 60.
23. Maurer-Grubinger, C., Holzgreve, F., Fraeulin, L., Betz, W., Erbe, C., Brueggmann, D., Wanke, E. M., Nienhaus, A., Groneberg, D. A., &
24. Ohlendorf, D., 2021. Combining ergonomic risk assessment (RULA) with inertial motion capture technology in dentistry—Using the benefits from two worlds. Sensors, 21(12), 4077.
25. McAtamney, L., & Corlett, E. N., 1993. RULA: a survey method for the investigation of work-related upper limb disorders. Applied ergonomics, 24(2), 91-99.
26. Micheletti Cremasco, M., Giustetto, A., Caffaro, F., Colantoni, A., Cavallo, E., & Grigolato, S., 2019. Risk assessment for musculoskeletal disorders in forestry: A comparison between RULA and REBA in the manual feeding of a wood-chipper. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(5), 793.
27. Mishra, S., & Sarkar, K., 2021. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk factors among urban metropolitan hairdressers in India. Journal of occupational health, 63(1), e12200.
28. Morrison, A. K., Kumar, S., Amin, A., Urban, M., Kleinman, B., & Urban, M. B., 2024. An Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Ophthalmology Residents Using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) Scale. Cureus, 16(2).
29. Namwongsa, S., Puntumetakul, R., Neubert, M. S., Chaiklieng, S., & Boucaut, R., 2018. Ergonomic risk assessment of smartphone users using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool. PloS one, 13(8), e0203394.
30. Norval, M., Zare, M., Brunet, R., Coutarel, F., & Roquelaure, Y., 2018. Operational leeway in work situations: do ergonomic risk assessment tools consider operational leeway for job analysis? International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.
31. Oliv, S., Gustafsson, E., Baloch, A. N., Hagberg, M., & Sandén, H., 2019. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC)—Inter-rater reliability in total score and individual items. Applied ergonomics, 76, 32-37.
32. Özoğul, B., Çimen, B., & Kahya, E., 2018. Bir metal sanayi işletmesinde ergonomik risk analizi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6, 159-175.
33. Sanchez-Lite, A., Garcia, M., Domingo, R., & Angel Sebastian, M. (2013). Novel ergonomic postural assessment method (NERPA) using product-process computer aided engineering for ergonomic workplace design. PloS one, 8(8), e72703.
34. Sirzai, H., Dogu, B., Erdem, P., Yilmaz, F., & Kuran, B., 2015. Hastane Çalisanlarinda Ise Bagli Kas Iskelet Sistemi Hastaliklari: Üst Ekstremite Problemleri/Work-related musculoskeletal diseases in hospital workers: Upper extremity problems. Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bülteni, 49(2), 135.
35. Yaşar, M., & Saraçoğlu, T., 2021. Balıkesir ilinde tarım makinaları sanayi çalışanlarının iş güvenliği ve ergonomi algılarının değerlendirilmesi. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 17(1), 1-13.
36. Yaylı, D., & Çalışkan, E., 2019. Comparison of Ergonomic Risk Analysis Methods for Working Postures of Forest Nursery Workers. European Journal of Forest Engineering, 5(1), 18-24.
37. Yazdanirad, S., Khoshakhlagh, A. H., Habibi, E., Zare, A., Zeinodini, M., & Dehghani, F., 2018. Comparing the effectiveness of three ergonomic risk assessment methods—RULA, LUBA, and NERPA—to predict the upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 22(1), 17.