İNŞAAT VE KORUMA UYGULAMALARI İÇİN JEOMÜHENDİSLİK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ: MARDİN TAŞI ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Eski çağlarda, bulundukları bölgelerde bol ve yaygın olan doğal taşlar hem yüksek dayanımlı olmaları hem de nakliye sorunu nedeniyle yerel olarak çokça kullanılmışlardır. Bu taşların zamanla bina cephelerindeki işlemeleri ile dekoratif bir unsur olması bölgenin kültürel ve tarihi mirasını yansıtması bölgeye mimari bir kimlik kazandırmıştır. Bununla beraber, son yıllarda betonarme bina inşaatlarında görülen artış bölgenin mimari yapısını tehdit edecek boyutlarda etkilemektedir. Bu yerel kaya malzemesinin mühendislik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi doğa, çevre ve mimari yapının korunması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Mardin taşının fiziksel, termal ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiş, modern bir yapı malzemesi olarak gereksinimleri karşılama durumuna değinilmiştir. Bu amaçla, malzemenin incelenen mühendislik özellikleri parametreler arasında birim hacim ağırlığı (γ), gözeneklilik (n), tek eksenli basınç dayanımı (UCS), nokta yük indeksi (Is(50)), ultrasonik darbe hızı (UPV), suda dağılmaya karşı dayanıklılık indeksi (SDI), Los Angeles aşınma dayanımı (LA), Schmidt çekici değeri ile termal iletkenlik (K) değerleri ile aralarındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Bunun için malzemenin elde edildiği dört farklı ocaktan toplanan numuneler üzerinde kapsamlı laboratuvar testleri yapılmıştır. İnşaat ve yapı amaçlı doğal taşların kalitesinin araştırılmasında ilgili Avrupa normları, Türk ve ASTM standartlarına göre değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.

Keywords

• Doğal Taş
• Jeomekanik Özellikler
• Tarihi Miras
• Jeomühendislik

A GEOENGINEERING EVALUATION FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONSERVATION PRACTICES, MARDIN STONE CASE

Abstract

In recent centuries, natural stones that were abundant and widespread in their locality were extensively used in their regions due to their high strength and the challenges of transportation. The fact that these stones, with their carvings on building facades, became a decorative element over time, reflecting the cultural and historical heritage of the region, has given the area a distinct architectural identity. However, the increase in reinforced concrete building construction in recent years has affected the architectural fabric of the region to a threatening extent. Determining the engineering properties of this local rock material is important for the preservation of nature, the environment, and the architectural structure. For construction and conservation practices, understanding of engineering geological properties of the stone is inevitable. This study investigated the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of Mardin stone and addressed its suitability as a modern building material. For this purpose, the relationships between the examined engineering property parameters, including unit weight (γ), porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), point load index (Is(50)), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), slake durability index (Id2), abrasion value (LA) and thermal conductivity (K), were investigated. To achieve this, comprehensive laboratory tests were conducted on samples collected from four different quarry pits where the material was obtained. Evaluations regarding the quality of natural stones for construction and building purposes were made according to relevant European norms, Turkish, and ASTM standards.

Keywords

• Natural Stone
• Geomechanical Properties
• Historical Heritage
• Geoengineering

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