DERİN ÖĞRENME TABANLI ZAMANSAL EVRİŞİMSEL AĞLAR KULLANARAK UZUN VADELİ HAVA KALİTESİ (PM2.5) TAHMİNİ

Abstract

Çeşitli kirlilik kaynakları arasında, çapı 2.5 mikrometre veya daha küçük olan partikül maddeler (PM2.5), dünya çapındaki temel çevresel sorundur. Bu incelemede; bu kirleticinin detayları, çeşitli çalışmalardan elde edilen kaynakları ve etkileri, farklı şehirlerdeki kirlilik seviyeleri, konsantrasyonu ölçmek ve tahmin etmek için kullanılan yöntemler, iklim değişikliğinin etkisi ve olası çözümler toplu bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Kirlilik seviyeleri hem çevre hem de insan sağlığı üzerindeki zararlı etkileriyle birlikte küresel ölçekte endişe verici oranlarda artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, hava kalitesi verileri; doğrusal olmayan yapısı, gürültülü veri içeriği ve zamana bağlı uzun vadeli bağımlılıkları nedeniyle tahmin edilmesi doğası gereği zor olan bir zaman serisini temsil eder. Bu çalışmada, (PM2.5) tahmini için Zamansal Evrişimsel Ağ tabanlı bir derin öğrenme modeli önerilmiş ve modelin performansı; RNN, LSTM, GRU ve dikkat mekanizması tabanlı Bi-LSTM modelleriyle kıyaslanmıştır. Çalışma, Pekin Aotizhongxin hava kalitesi istasyonunun 2013-2017 yılları arasındaki saatlik veri seti kullanılarak yapılan deneylere dayanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Hava Kalitesi Tahmini
• PM2.5 Tahmini
• Zamansal Konvolüsyonel Ağlar
• Zaman Serisi Modelleme
• Derin Öğrenme

LONG-TERM AIR QUALITY (PM2.5) PREDICTION USING DEEP LEARNING-BASED TEMPORAL CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORKS

Abstract

Among various sources of pollution, particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5) is the chief environmental problem worldwide. Collectively, the details of this pollutant PM2.5, its sources and effects measured from various studies, the pollution levels in various cities, the methods used to measure and predict the concentration, the effect of climate change and the possible solution, have been discussed in this review. Pollution levels are rising globally at alarming rates with detrimental effects on the environment as well as human health. However, air quality data represents a time series that is inherently challenging to forecast given its nonlinear nature, noisy data, and long-term dependencies in time. In this work, a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN)-based deep learning model has been proposed for PM2.5 forecasting, and its performance benchmarked against RNN, LSTM, GRU, and Attention mechanism-based Bi-LSTM models. The study was based on experiments using the hourly dataset of the air quality station in Beijing Aotizhongxin from 2013 to 2017.

Keywords

• Air Quality Prediction
• PM2.5 Forecasting
• Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN)
• Time Series Modeling
• Deep Learning

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