Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Çok Kriterli Karar Analizleri Kullanılarak Beyşehir Göl Havzasında (Konya - Türkiye) Katı Atık Depolama Yer Seçimi

Abstract

Birçok gelişmekte olan ülkelerde artan nüfus ve şehirleşmeye bağlı olarak uygun bir atık yönetim sistemi oluşturulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ancak, ülkemizde uygun bir atık yönetim sistemi yeterince düzenlenmemiştir. Günümüzde, katı atık yönetiminde depolama, geri dönüşüm, termal arıtma, biyolojik arıtma gibi yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, düzenli depolama yer seçimi oldukça karmaşık bir süreç olup çeşitli kriterlere ve düzenlemelere bağlıdır. Beyşehir Gölü Havzası için atık sahası yer seçimi yapılması amaçlanan bu çalışmada Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) kullanılmaktadır. Beyşehir Gölü, Türkiye'nin en büyük tatlısu gölü ve içme suyu kaynağıdır. Ancak, göl havzası içerisinde katı atıklar için düzenli depolama alanı bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, havza için uygun depolama yer seçiminin yapılması zorunlu görülmektedir. Çalışmada, depolama alanı yer seçimi için yerleşim alanlarında uzaklık, yüzey sularından uzaklık, koruma alanlarından uzaklık (ekolojik, bilimsel ve tarihi), jeoloji / hidrojeoloji, arazi kullanımı, yollarda uzaklık, eğim ve bakı gibi kriterler değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Her bir kriterin göreceli önem dereceleri Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi kullanılarak belirlenmiş, her bir kriter haritası ise CBS teknolojilerinden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Oluşturulan her bir kritere ait tematik haritaların overlay analizi yapılarak sonuç haritası elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre havzada depolamaya en uygun olan ve uygun olmayan alanlar belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

• Beyşehir Gölü
• Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi
• Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri
• Depolama
• Yer seçimi

Selection of Landfill Site using GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis for Beyşehir Lake Catchment area (Konya, Turkey)

Abstract

 Many developing countries are struggling to provide a proper waste management system due to increasing population and urbanization. Also, waste management system is not regulated sufficiently in Turkey. At present, there are various techniques used for solid waste management such as landfill, thermal treatment, biological treatment, recycling etc. The landfill is the most common mode for the disposal of solid waste. But, landfill site selection is quite complex process and it depends on several criteria and regulations. In this study landfill site selection is performed by using Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS) for the Beyşehir Lake catchment area. The Beysehir Lake is the largest freshwater lake and drinking water reservoir in Turkey but there isn’t sanitary landfill site in the basin. Hence, the appropriate landfill site should be selected in point of water quality in the Beyşehir Lake. In order to determine landfill site several criteria were examined such as distance from settlements, distance from surface waters, distance from protected areas (ecologic, scientific or historic), geology/hydrogeology, landuse, distance from roads, slope and aspect. The MDA was used to measure the relative importance weighting for each criterion. Each map layers were formed with the aid of GIS and final suitability map was created by overlay analyses of each criterion map. According to obtained results, high and low suitable areas were determined in the study
area.

Keywords

• Beyşehir Lake
• Geographic Information System
• Landfill
• Multicriteria Decision Analysis
• Site selection

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