Research Article
Year 2018,
Volume: 6 , 188 - 196, 24.12.2018
Abstract
Montaj hattı dengeleme probleminde işler, öncelik ilişkilerine uygun
olarak gecikmeleri olabildiği ölçüde azaltacak şekilde istasyonlara atanır.
Ergonomik anlamda iyi tasarlanmamış montaj hatları, yalnızca verimlilik
kayıplarına sebep olmakla kalmaz, işçilerde kas iskelet sistemi hastalıklarına
da yol açabilir. Böyle olumsuzlukları önlemek için montaj hattını dengelerken
her bir istasyonun risk seviyesinin kabul edilebilir seviyeye çekilmesi de
amaçlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada bir beyaz eşya metal sanayi işletmesinde basit tek
modelli montaj hattı dengeleme problemi ele alınırken ergonomik risk etmenleri
dikkate alınarak modellenmiştir. REBA yöntemi ile her bir iş elemanının zorluk
dereceleri hesaplanmıştır. 6 iş istasyonu öngörülerek çevrim zamanını ve iş
yükünden sapmaları en azlayacak bir hedef programlama modeli geliştirilmiştir.
Her bir istasyon için maksimum REBA skoru 10 olarak belirlenmiş, kısıt olarak
modele eklenmiş ve GAMS paket programı ile modelin çözümü yapılmıştır. Çalışma
sonucunda gerek ergonomik ve risk gerek ise çevrim süreleri bakımından daha
dengeli bir montaj hattı oluşturulmuştur.
References
- Akyol, ¸ S. D., Baykasoglu, A., 2016. ErgoALWABP: A multiple-rule based constructive randomized search algorithm for solving assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem under ergonomic risk factors. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. doi:10.1007/s10845-016-1246-6
- Baykasoglu, A., Tasan, S.O., Tasan, A.S., Akyol, S., 2016. Modeling and solving assembly line design problems by considering human factors with a real-life application. Human Resource Mangement Journal. Doi: 10.1002/hfm.20695/s. 96-115.
- Bernard, B. P., 1997. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors: A critical review of epidemiologic evidence for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck, upper extremity and low back pain, U.S Department of Health and Human Services NIOSH Publication, 97-141.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (2009, November 24). Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work, 2008. Economic news release. Chiasson, M. E., Imbeau, D., Major, J., Aubry, K., Delisle, A. 2012. “Comparing The Results of Eight Methods Used to Evaluate Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders ,” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 42, p. 478-488.
- David, G. C. 2005. Ergonomic methods for assessing exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Occupational Medicine, 55, 190-199.
- Eklund, J. A. E., 1995. Relationships between ergonomics and quality in assembly works. Applied Ergonomics, 26 (1), 15-20.
- Güner, B., Hasgül, S. , 2012. Sürdürülebilir denge için ergonomik faktörleri içeren U-tipi montaj hattı dengelemesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 407-415.
- Hignett, S., Mc Atamney, L. 2000. Rapid entire body assessment(REBA). Applied Ergonomics, 31, 201–205.
- Kara, Y., Atasagun, Y., Gökçen, H., Hezer, S., Demirel, N., 2014. An integrated model to incorporate ergonomics and resource restrictions into assembly line balancing. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 27, 997–1007.
- Koç, S. , Testik, Ö.M. 2016. Mobilya Sektöründe Yaşanan Kas-İskelet Sistemi Risklerinin Farklı Değerlendirme Metotları İle İncelenmesi Ve Minimizasyonu. Endüstri Mühendisliği Dergisi , 27(2), 2-27.
- Mert, E. A. 2014. Ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması ve bir çanta imalat atölyesinde uygulanması. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi, T.C. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Mutlu, Ö., Özgörmüş, E. 2012. A fuzzy assembly line balancing problem with physical workload constraints. International Journal of Production Research, 50, 5281-5291.
- Nunes, I. L. 2009. FAST ERGO_X – a tool for ergonomic auditing and work-related musculoskeletal disorders prevention. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 34, 133–148.
- Otto, A., Scholl, A., 2011. Incorporating ergonomic risks into assembly line balancing. European Journal of Operational Research, 212, 277–285. Özel, E., Çetik, O. 2010. Mesleki Görevlerin Ergonomik Analizinde Kullanılan Araçlar ve Bir Uygulama Örneği. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22, 41-56.
- Salveson, M.E., 1955. The assembly line balancing problem. Journal of Industrial Engineering, 6,18–25. Santé Canada, 2002. Economic Burden of Illness in Canada 1998. Health Canada, Ottawa, ON. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ebic-femc/index-eng.php. Scholl, A., Becker, C., 2006. State-of-the-art exact and heuristic solution procedures for simple assembly line balancing. European Journal of Operational Research, 168(3), 666–693.
- Seçkiner, S. U., Kurt, M., 2007. A simulated annealing approach to the solution of job rotation scheduling problems. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 188, 31–45.
- Xu, Z., Ko, J., Cochran, D. J., Jung, M., 2012. Design of assembly lines with the concurrent consideration of productivity and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders using linear models. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 62, 431–441.
- WHO Scientific Group, 2003. The Burden of Musculoskeletal Conditions at the Start of the New Millennium. World Health Organization, Geneva, Geneva.
Year 2018,
Volume: 6 , 188 - 196, 24.12.2018
Abstract
Assembly line balancing is the problem to assign tasks to stations in
compliance with precedence constraints and as far as possible to balance
delays. Assembly lines which is not designed properly in an ergonomic way, not
only cause productivity loss, but also Work-related Muscoloskeletal Disorders
(WSMD) on workers. To prevent such problems, it should aimed to catch
acceptable level for all workstation’s total risk score and assign ergonomic
risks equivalently among workers. In this study, the
ergonomic risk factors were taken to model when dealing with a simple single
model assembly line balancing problem in a white goods metal industry operation.
The risk socres of a task with the REBA method are calculated. A goal
programming model was developed to predict cycle time and workload by predicting
6 workstations. For each workstation, maximum REBA score was determined as 10
and added to model as constraint. The model was solved with GAMS package
program. In the result of study, more balanced line is obtained, in terms of working
environment and risk levels.
References
- Akyol, ¸ S. D., Baykasoglu, A., 2016. ErgoALWABP: A multiple-rule based constructive randomized search algorithm for solving assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem under ergonomic risk factors. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. doi:10.1007/s10845-016-1246-6
- Baykasoglu, A., Tasan, S.O., Tasan, A.S., Akyol, S., 2016. Modeling and solving assembly line design problems by considering human factors with a real-life application. Human Resource Mangement Journal. Doi: 10.1002/hfm.20695/s. 96-115.
- Bernard, B. P., 1997. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors: A critical review of epidemiologic evidence for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck, upper extremity and low back pain, U.S Department of Health and Human Services NIOSH Publication, 97-141.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (2009, November 24). Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work, 2008. Economic news release. Chiasson, M. E., Imbeau, D., Major, J., Aubry, K., Delisle, A. 2012. “Comparing The Results of Eight Methods Used to Evaluate Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders ,” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 42, p. 478-488.
- David, G. C. 2005. Ergonomic methods for assessing exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Occupational Medicine, 55, 190-199.
- Eklund, J. A. E., 1995. Relationships between ergonomics and quality in assembly works. Applied Ergonomics, 26 (1), 15-20.
- Güner, B., Hasgül, S. , 2012. Sürdürülebilir denge için ergonomik faktörleri içeren U-tipi montaj hattı dengelemesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 407-415.
- Hignett, S., Mc Atamney, L. 2000. Rapid entire body assessment(REBA). Applied Ergonomics, 31, 201–205.
- Kara, Y., Atasagun, Y., Gökçen, H., Hezer, S., Demirel, N., 2014. An integrated model to incorporate ergonomics and resource restrictions into assembly line balancing. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 27, 997–1007.
- Koç, S. , Testik, Ö.M. 2016. Mobilya Sektöründe Yaşanan Kas-İskelet Sistemi Risklerinin Farklı Değerlendirme Metotları İle İncelenmesi Ve Minimizasyonu. Endüstri Mühendisliği Dergisi , 27(2), 2-27.
- Mert, E. A. 2014. Ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması ve bir çanta imalat atölyesinde uygulanması. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi, T.C. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Mutlu, Ö., Özgörmüş, E. 2012. A fuzzy assembly line balancing problem with physical workload constraints. International Journal of Production Research, 50, 5281-5291.
- Nunes, I. L. 2009. FAST ERGO_X – a tool for ergonomic auditing and work-related musculoskeletal disorders prevention. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 34, 133–148.
- Otto, A., Scholl, A., 2011. Incorporating ergonomic risks into assembly line balancing. European Journal of Operational Research, 212, 277–285. Özel, E., Çetik, O. 2010. Mesleki Görevlerin Ergonomik Analizinde Kullanılan Araçlar ve Bir Uygulama Örneği. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22, 41-56.
- Salveson, M.E., 1955. The assembly line balancing problem. Journal of Industrial Engineering, 6,18–25. Santé Canada, 2002. Economic Burden of Illness in Canada 1998. Health Canada, Ottawa, ON. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ebic-femc/index-eng.php. Scholl, A., Becker, C., 2006. State-of-the-art exact and heuristic solution procedures for simple assembly line balancing. European Journal of Operational Research, 168(3), 666–693.
- Seçkiner, S. U., Kurt, M., 2007. A simulated annealing approach to the solution of job rotation scheduling problems. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 188, 31–45.
- Xu, Z., Ko, J., Cochran, D. J., Jung, M., 2012. Design of assembly lines with the concurrent consideration of productivity and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders using linear models. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 62, 431–441.
- WHO Scientific Group, 2003. The Burden of Musculoskeletal Conditions at the Start of the New Millennium. World Health Organization, Geneva, Geneva.
There are 18 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering, Industrial Engineering |
| Journal Section | ÖS: ERGONOMI2017 |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 24, 2018 |
| Submission Date | November 28, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | September 17, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 6 |