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DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM AREA REPLACEMENT RATIO FOR IMPROVEMENT A CLAY SOIL WITH STONE COLUMN METHOD

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 221 - 228, 20.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.483418

Abstract

It is an improvement method that has gained importance in recent years for the improvement of soft clay, silt and loose sand with stone columns. This healing method is used with the aim of increasing the bearing capacity, reducing seats, reducing liquefaction potential and increasing slopes stability. In this study, it was aimed to perform laboratory model experiments in order to determine important stone column area replacement ratios (Ac/A) and column spacing (s/dc). Stone columns were formed by placing a sand bed on the fixed circular cavities which opened to the center of the clay sample formed at different diameters and unconfined compression test was carried out. According to the results, when the Ac/A ratio is 0.08 and the s/dc ratio is 3.10, it is determined that the highest bearing capacity has reached. Accordingly, optimum values of Ac/A and s/dc ratios were found to be around 0.08 and 3.10 respectively.

References

  • Burke, G., Sehn, A.L., 2003. The Influence of Ground Improvement on Geotechnical Design. ASCE/PENNDOT 20th Central PA Geotechnical Conference.
  • Osmanoğlu, U., 1999. Yumuşak ve Gevşek Zeminlerin Iyileştirilmesi: Yüksek Basınçlı Enjeksiyon Kolonları ve Taş Kolonlar. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Sayraç, M. A., Kemaloğlu, H.F., Bal E. K., Öner L., Çetin, K. Ö., 2014. Darbeli Kırmataş Kolon (DKK) Elemanlarının Deformasyon Temelli Tasarımı, İstanbul.
  • Balaam, N. P., Poulos, H.G. and Brown, P. T., 1977. Settlement Analysis of Soft Clays Reinforced with Granular Piles. Proc. 5th Southeast Asian Conf. on Soil Engineering, Bangkok, Vol. 1, 81–91.
  • Barksdale, R.D. ve Bachus, R.C., 1983. Design and Construction of Stone Columns Volume I, Federal Highway Administration Offices of Research and Development Report No. FHWA/RD-83/026-027.
  • Priebe, H.J., 1995. “The Design of Vibro Replacement.”, Ground Engineering, 1-13.
  • Ambily, A. P., Gandhi, S. R., 2007. Behaviour of Stone Columns Based on Experimental and Fem Analysis. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.133, pp.405-415.
  • Mirsalehi, S., Bilsel H., 2012. Finite Element Modeling of Stone Columns in Alluvial Soils under an Embankment. 3th International Conference on New Developments in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus.
  • Adeli, N., 2013. Taş Kolonların Analiz ve Tasarımı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana. Han, J. and Ye, S.L., 2001. Simplified Method for Consolidation Rate of Stone Column Reinforced Foundation, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.127, pp.597-603.
  • Bağrıaçık, B. ve Uysal F., 2017, Taş Kolonlar Arası Mesafenin Taşıma Gücüne Etkisi, 2st International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC 2017). (Özet metin bildiri)
  • Priebe, H. J., 1991. Vibro Replacement – Design Criteria and Quality Control, Deep Foundation Improvements: Design, Construction and Testing. ASTM STP 1089, Philadelphia, 62-72.
  • Cimentada, A., Da Costa A., 2009. Laboratory Experimental Analysis of Radial Consolidation Around a Stone Column. Geotechnics of soft soils: Focus on ground improvement, London: Taylorand & Francis Group; pp 213-217.
  • Hughes, J. M. O., Withers, N. J., 1974. Reinforcing of Soft Cohesive Soils with Stone Columns. Ground Engineering. Vol. 7, No. 3, pp 42-49.
  • Bae, W. S., Shin, B. W., And An, B. C., 2002. Behaviours of Foundation System Improved with Stone Columns. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Kitakyushu, Japan. 675- 678.
  • Malarvizhi, S. N., Ilamparuthi, K., 2004. Load Versus Settlement of Claybed Stabilized with Stone & Reinforced Stone Columns. 3rd Asian Regional Conf. on Geosynthetics. Korea, 322–329.
  • Mckelvey, D., Sivakumar, V., Bell, A. L., and Graham, J., Modelling Vibrated Stone Columns in Soft Clay. Proc. Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 2004. Vol. 157, No. 3, 137–149.
  • Sivakumar, V., McKelvey, D., Graham, J., and Hughus, D., 2004. Triaxial Tests on Model Sand Columns in Clay,” Can. Geotech. J. 41, 299 – 312.
  • Andreou, P., Frikha, W., Canou, J., 2008. Papadopoulos, V., And Dupla, J. C., Experimental Study on Sand and Gravel Columns in Clay. Ground Improvement. Vol.161, pp.189-198.
  • Ali, K., Shahu, J. T., and Sharma, K. G., 2011. An experimental Study of Stone Column in Soft Soils. An experimental study, Indian Geotechnical Conference. pp:375:378, Kochi.
  • Bağrıaçık, B. ve Uysal F. 2017, Yumuşak Kildeki Tekil Kolonun Tek Eksenli Sıkışma Davranışı, International Advanced Researches and Engineering Congress. (Tam metin bildiri)
  • TS 1500, İnşaat Mühendisliğinde Zeminlerin Sınıflandırılması.
  • TS 1900-2, İnşaat Mühendisliğinde Zemin Laboratuvar Deneyleri - Bölüm 2: Mekanik Özelliklerin Tayini.

KİL BİR ZEMİNİN TAŞ KOLON YÖNTEMİYLE İYİLEŞTİRİLMESİNDE OPTİMUM ALAN YERLEŞİM ORANININ BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 221 - 228, 20.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.483418

Abstract

Zemin iyileştirme yöntemlerinden olan ve son yıllarda git gide önem kazanan taş kolon uygulamaları yumuşak kil, silt ve gevşek kumların iyileştirilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu iyileştirme yöntemi, taşıma gücünün arttırılması, oturmaların azaltılması, sıvılaşma potansiyelinin azaltılması ve şevlerin stabilitelerinin arttırılması amacı ile kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, taş kolonların tasarımı yapılırken önem arz eden taş kolonlarda alan yerleşim oranlarının (Ac/A) ve kolonlar arası mesafenin (s/dc) değişimi ile serbest basınç mukavemetlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla laboratuvar model deneylerinin yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Farklı çaplarda oluşturulmuş kil numunesinin merkezine açılan sabit çaptaki dairesel boşluklara kum zemin yerleştirilerek taş kolonlar oluşturulmuş ve serbest basınç deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre göre, Ac/A oranı 0.08 ve s/dc oranı 3.10 olması durumunda, en yüksek serbest basınç mukavemetine ulaşıldığı belirlenmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak Ac/A ve s/dc oranlarının optimum değerlerinin yaklaşık olarak sırasıyla 0.08 ve 3.10 civarında olduğu bulunmuştur.

References

  • Burke, G., Sehn, A.L., 2003. The Influence of Ground Improvement on Geotechnical Design. ASCE/PENNDOT 20th Central PA Geotechnical Conference.
  • Osmanoğlu, U., 1999. Yumuşak ve Gevşek Zeminlerin Iyileştirilmesi: Yüksek Basınçlı Enjeksiyon Kolonları ve Taş Kolonlar. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Sayraç, M. A., Kemaloğlu, H.F., Bal E. K., Öner L., Çetin, K. Ö., 2014. Darbeli Kırmataş Kolon (DKK) Elemanlarının Deformasyon Temelli Tasarımı, İstanbul.
  • Balaam, N. P., Poulos, H.G. and Brown, P. T., 1977. Settlement Analysis of Soft Clays Reinforced with Granular Piles. Proc. 5th Southeast Asian Conf. on Soil Engineering, Bangkok, Vol. 1, 81–91.
  • Barksdale, R.D. ve Bachus, R.C., 1983. Design and Construction of Stone Columns Volume I, Federal Highway Administration Offices of Research and Development Report No. FHWA/RD-83/026-027.
  • Priebe, H.J., 1995. “The Design of Vibro Replacement.”, Ground Engineering, 1-13.
  • Ambily, A. P., Gandhi, S. R., 2007. Behaviour of Stone Columns Based on Experimental and Fem Analysis. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.133, pp.405-415.
  • Mirsalehi, S., Bilsel H., 2012. Finite Element Modeling of Stone Columns in Alluvial Soils under an Embankment. 3th International Conference on New Developments in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus.
  • Adeli, N., 2013. Taş Kolonların Analiz ve Tasarımı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana. Han, J. and Ye, S.L., 2001. Simplified Method for Consolidation Rate of Stone Column Reinforced Foundation, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.127, pp.597-603.
  • Bağrıaçık, B. ve Uysal F., 2017, Taş Kolonlar Arası Mesafenin Taşıma Gücüne Etkisi, 2st International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC 2017). (Özet metin bildiri)
  • Priebe, H. J., 1991. Vibro Replacement – Design Criteria and Quality Control, Deep Foundation Improvements: Design, Construction and Testing. ASTM STP 1089, Philadelphia, 62-72.
  • Cimentada, A., Da Costa A., 2009. Laboratory Experimental Analysis of Radial Consolidation Around a Stone Column. Geotechnics of soft soils: Focus on ground improvement, London: Taylorand & Francis Group; pp 213-217.
  • Hughes, J. M. O., Withers, N. J., 1974. Reinforcing of Soft Cohesive Soils with Stone Columns. Ground Engineering. Vol. 7, No. 3, pp 42-49.
  • Bae, W. S., Shin, B. W., And An, B. C., 2002. Behaviours of Foundation System Improved with Stone Columns. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Kitakyushu, Japan. 675- 678.
  • Malarvizhi, S. N., Ilamparuthi, K., 2004. Load Versus Settlement of Claybed Stabilized with Stone & Reinforced Stone Columns. 3rd Asian Regional Conf. on Geosynthetics. Korea, 322–329.
  • Mckelvey, D., Sivakumar, V., Bell, A. L., and Graham, J., Modelling Vibrated Stone Columns in Soft Clay. Proc. Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 2004. Vol. 157, No. 3, 137–149.
  • Sivakumar, V., McKelvey, D., Graham, J., and Hughus, D., 2004. Triaxial Tests on Model Sand Columns in Clay,” Can. Geotech. J. 41, 299 – 312.
  • Andreou, P., Frikha, W., Canou, J., 2008. Papadopoulos, V., And Dupla, J. C., Experimental Study on Sand and Gravel Columns in Clay. Ground Improvement. Vol.161, pp.189-198.
  • Ali, K., Shahu, J. T., and Sharma, K. G., 2011. An experimental Study of Stone Column in Soft Soils. An experimental study, Indian Geotechnical Conference. pp:375:378, Kochi.
  • Bağrıaçık, B. ve Uysal F. 2017, Yumuşak Kildeki Tekil Kolonun Tek Eksenli Sıkışma Davranışı, International Advanced Researches and Engineering Congress. (Tam metin bildiri)
  • TS 1500, İnşaat Mühendisliğinde Zeminlerin Sınıflandırılması.
  • TS 1900-2, İnşaat Mühendisliğinde Zemin Laboratuvar Deneyleri - Bölüm 2: Mekanik Özelliklerin Tayini.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Araştırma Articlessi \ Research Articles
Authors

Baki Bağrıaçık 0000-0002-1860-2881

Publication Date March 20, 2020
Submission Date November 15, 2018
Acceptance Date October 4, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bağrıaçık, B. (2020). KİL BİR ZEMİNİN TAŞ KOLON YÖNTEMİYLE İYİLEŞTİRİLMESİNDE OPTİMUM ALAN YERLEŞİM ORANININ BELİRLENMESİ. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 8(1), 221-228. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.483418