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BALIKESİR BÖLGESİNE AİT KAOLİNİN KALSİNASYON SICAKLIĞININ VE İNCELİĞİNİN PUZOLANİK AKTİVİTEYE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 623 - 631, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1508001

Abstract

Mineral katkıların çimento üretiminde kullanılması klinker miktarını azaltırken CO2 emisyonlarını önemli ölçüde azaltarak çevre dostu bir üretim sürecini desteklemektedir. Kaolinin yüksek sıcaklıklarda kalsinasyonu sonucu elde edilen metakolin, puzolan olarak etkili bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Çalışma kalsinasyon sıcaklığının ve inceliğin puzolanik aktivite indeksine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2 aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada kaolin 600°C, 750°C ve 900°C olmak üzere 3 farklı sıcaklıkta kalsine edilmiştir. Kalsinasyon sıcaklığına bağlı olarak puzolanik aktivite dayanım indeksini belirlemek için standarda uygun harç numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. 28 günlük puzolanik aktivite dayanım indeksi sonuçları incelendiğinde %122 ile en iyi dayanım değerini 600°Cde kalsine edilen kaolinin sağladığı görülmüştür. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmında 600 C° de kalsine edilen malzeme 13800 cm2/g, 15900 cm2/g ve 18700 cm2/g olmak üzere 3 farklı incelikte öğütülmüş ve puzolanik aktivite dayanım indeksinin tespiti için harç numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. İnceliğin artmasıyla birlikte puzolanik aktivite dayanım indeksi değerlerin de artış görülmüştür.

References

  • ASTM C311/C311M-22, 2022. Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0311_C0311M-22.
  • ASTM C618-19, 2019. Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0618-19.
  • ASTM D 5550-14, 2016. Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Gas Pycnometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959 USA.
  • Astudillo, B., Martín, D. A., Costafreda, J. L., Presa, L., Sanjuán, M. A., & Parra, J. L., 2023. Improvement of the Mechanical Properties of Mortars Manufactured with Partial Substitution of Portland Cement by Kaolinitic Clays. Buildings, 13(7), 1647. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071647.
  • Ceylan, H., 2020. Isparta Tüfünün Puzolanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması. Teknik Bilimler Dergisi, 10(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.35354/tbed.726102.
  • Erdemoğlu, M., Birinci, M., Uysal, T., 2018. Kil Minerallerinden Alümina Üretimi: Güncel Değerlendirmeler. Politeknik Dergisi, 21(2), 387-396. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.386907.
  • Erdoğan T. Y., 2007. Beton, Published by METU Press Publishing Company, 760s.
  • Göltaş, 2024. Goltas Cement Inc. Isparta/Turkey. https://www.goltas.com.tr/(accepted 07 April 2024).
  • Gültekin, A., Ramyar, K., 2022. Mikrodalga Isıl İşlemi Uygulanan Kaolinin Puzolanik Aktivitesinin İncelenmesi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 758-765. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1114737.
  • He, Z., Zhu, X., Wang, J., Mu, M., Wang, Y., 2019. Comparison of CO2 Emissions From OPC and Recycled Cement Production. Construction and Building Materials, 211, 965-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.289.
  • Hollanders, S.,Adriaens, R.,Skibsted, J., Cizer, Ö., Elsen, J., 2016. Pozzolanic Reactivity of Pure Calcined Clays. Applied Clay Science, 132-133, 552-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2016.08.003.
  • Karatas, M., Benli, A., Arslan, F., 2020. The Effects of Kaolin and Calcined Kaolin on the Durability and Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Mortars Subjected to High Temperatures. Construction and Building Materials, 265, 120300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120300.
  • Özcan, U., Güngör, S., 2019. Sürdürülebilir Bir Yöntem/Betonda Puzolan Kullanımı. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (15), 176-182. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.517346.
  • Siline, M., Mehsas, B., 2022. Effect of Increasing the Blaine Fineness of Metakaolin on Its Chemical Reactivity. Journal of Building Engineering, 56, 104778.
  • Snellings, R., Suraneni, P., Skibsted, J., 2023. Future and Emerging Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Cement and concrete research, 171, 107199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2023.107199.
  • Şişman, C. B., Ozocak, M., Kocaman, İ., 2022. Usage of The Agricultural Wastes as A Pozzolan in Concrete Production. Architectural Sciences and Building Materials, 257-281.
  • TS EN 196-1, 2016. Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength. Turkish Standards Institute.
  • TS EN 196-6, 2020. Methods of testing cement - Part 6: Determination of fineness. Turkish Standards Institute.
  • Tulashie, S. K., Ebo, P., Ansah, J. K., Mensah, D., 2021. Production of Portland pozzolana cement from rice husk ash. Materialia, 16, 101048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101048.
  • Yılmaz, M., Bakış, A., 2015. Sustainability in construction sector. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 2253-2262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.312.

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF CALCINATION TEMPERATURE AND FINENESS OF KAOLIN FROM BALIKESİR REGION ON POZZOLANIC ACTIVITY

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 623 - 631, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1508001

Abstract

The use of mineral additives in cement production supports an environmentally friendly production process by reducing the amount of clinker and significantly reducing CO2 emissions. Methacholine, obtained as a result of calcination of kaolin at high temperatures, is used effectively as a pozzolan. The study was carried out in two stages to determine the effect of calcination temperature and fineness on the pozzolanic activity index. In the first stage, kaolin was calcined at 3 different temperatures: 600°C, 750°C and 900°C. Mortar samples in accordance with the standard were prepared to determine the pozzolanic activity strength index depending on the calcination temperature. When the 28-day pozzolanic activity strength index results were examined, it was seen that kaolin calcined at 600°C provided the best strength value of 122%. In the second part of the study, the material calcined at 600 °C was ground to three different finenesses as 13800 cm2/g, 15900 cm2/g and 18700 cm2/g, and mortar samples were prepared to determine the pozzolanic activity strength index. As the fineness increased, the pozzolanic activity strength index values also increased.

References

  • ASTM C311/C311M-22, 2022. Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0311_C0311M-22.
  • ASTM C618-19, 2019. Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0618-19.
  • ASTM D 5550-14, 2016. Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Gas Pycnometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959 USA.
  • Astudillo, B., Martín, D. A., Costafreda, J. L., Presa, L., Sanjuán, M. A., & Parra, J. L., 2023. Improvement of the Mechanical Properties of Mortars Manufactured with Partial Substitution of Portland Cement by Kaolinitic Clays. Buildings, 13(7), 1647. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071647.
  • Ceylan, H., 2020. Isparta Tüfünün Puzolanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması. Teknik Bilimler Dergisi, 10(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.35354/tbed.726102.
  • Erdemoğlu, M., Birinci, M., Uysal, T., 2018. Kil Minerallerinden Alümina Üretimi: Güncel Değerlendirmeler. Politeknik Dergisi, 21(2), 387-396. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.386907.
  • Erdoğan T. Y., 2007. Beton, Published by METU Press Publishing Company, 760s.
  • Göltaş, 2024. Goltas Cement Inc. Isparta/Turkey. https://www.goltas.com.tr/(accepted 07 April 2024).
  • Gültekin, A., Ramyar, K., 2022. Mikrodalga Isıl İşlemi Uygulanan Kaolinin Puzolanik Aktivitesinin İncelenmesi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 758-765. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1114737.
  • He, Z., Zhu, X., Wang, J., Mu, M., Wang, Y., 2019. Comparison of CO2 Emissions From OPC and Recycled Cement Production. Construction and Building Materials, 211, 965-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.289.
  • Hollanders, S.,Adriaens, R.,Skibsted, J., Cizer, Ö., Elsen, J., 2016. Pozzolanic Reactivity of Pure Calcined Clays. Applied Clay Science, 132-133, 552-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2016.08.003.
  • Karatas, M., Benli, A., Arslan, F., 2020. The Effects of Kaolin and Calcined Kaolin on the Durability and Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Mortars Subjected to High Temperatures. Construction and Building Materials, 265, 120300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120300.
  • Özcan, U., Güngör, S., 2019. Sürdürülebilir Bir Yöntem/Betonda Puzolan Kullanımı. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (15), 176-182. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.517346.
  • Siline, M., Mehsas, B., 2022. Effect of Increasing the Blaine Fineness of Metakaolin on Its Chemical Reactivity. Journal of Building Engineering, 56, 104778.
  • Snellings, R., Suraneni, P., Skibsted, J., 2023. Future and Emerging Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Cement and concrete research, 171, 107199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2023.107199.
  • Şişman, C. B., Ozocak, M., Kocaman, İ., 2022. Usage of The Agricultural Wastes as A Pozzolan in Concrete Production. Architectural Sciences and Building Materials, 257-281.
  • TS EN 196-1, 2016. Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength. Turkish Standards Institute.
  • TS EN 196-6, 2020. Methods of testing cement - Part 6: Determination of fineness. Turkish Standards Institute.
  • Tulashie, S. K., Ebo, P., Ansah, J. K., Mensah, D., 2021. Production of Portland pozzolana cement from rice husk ash. Materialia, 16, 101048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101048.
  • Yılmaz, M., Bakış, A., 2015. Sustainability in construction sector. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 2253-2262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.312.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Construction Materials
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nuri Işıldar 0000-0001-6639-3650

Mutlu İrem Tuncer 0000-0002-7445-756X

Metin Davraz 0000-0002-6069-7802

Şemsettin Kılınçarslan 0000-0001-8253-9357

Publication Date June 27, 2025
Submission Date July 1, 2024
Acceptance Date March 24, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Işıldar, N., Tuncer, M. İ., Davraz, M., Kılınçarslan, Ş. (2025). INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF CALCINATION TEMPERATURE AND FINENESS OF KAOLIN FROM BALIKESİR REGION ON POZZOLANIC ACTIVITY. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 13(2), 623-631. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1508001