The Effect of Solution-Focused Brief Approach on Adolescent Subjective Well-Being: An Experimental Study

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of solution-focused brief approach based on subjective well-being improvement program on adolescents' subjective well-being levels. The study group con-sisted of 36 adolescents with low subjective well-being pre-test scores. The research is a study based on true experimental design with pre-test which has experimental-control-placebo group, post-test and follow-up test measurements. In this study, Adolescent Subjective Well-Being Scale and Personal In-formation Form were used as data collection tools. Kruskal Wallis H Test for Independent Samples, Mann Whitney U Test for Independent Samples and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for Paired Samples were used to analyze data. According to obtained results, it was determined that there was a signifi-cant increase in subjective well-being post-test scores of adolescents in the experimental group compa-red to the pre-test scores, control and placebo groups. It was observed that the increase in the post-test scores of the adolescents in the experimental group was preserved in the follow-up measurements. In the control and placebo groups, no significant difference was found between the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test scores.

Keywords

• : Adolescents
• experimental study
• subjective well-being
• solution-focused brief approach
• well-being

References

1. Altundağ, Y., & Bulut, S. (2019). The effect of solution-focused brief counseling on reducing test anxiety. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 37(1), 1-11. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.6270.
2. Arslan, N., & Akın, A. (2016). Çözüm odaklı kısa süreli grupla psikolojik danışmanın lise öğrencilerinin akran zorbalığına etkisi. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 6(1), 72-84. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19126/suje.62580.
3. Ateş, B. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinin güvengenlik becerileri üzerinde çözüm odaklı grupla psikolojik danışmanın etkisi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(3), 832-841. DOI: 10.17860/efd.84626.
4. Ateş, B. (2016a). Effect of solution focused group counseling for high school students in order to struggle with school burnout. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(4), 27-34. DOI: 10.11114/jets.v4i4.1254.
5. Ateş, B. (2016b). The effect of solution focused brief group counseling upon the perceived social competences of teenagers. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(7), 28-36. DOI: 10.11114/jets.v4i7.1443.
6. Ateş, B., & Gençdoğan, B. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal fobi ile başa çıkmalarında çözüm odaklı grupla psikolojik danışmanın etkisinin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 188-203. DOI: 10.17679/inuefd.306513.
7. Ateş, B. (2018). Çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma, kuram ve uygulama (4. Baskı). Ankara: Vizetek Yayıncılık.
8. Ben-Zur, H. (2003). Happy adolescents: The link between subjective well-being, internal resources, and parental factors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 32(2), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021864432505.

9. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (15. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
10. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F.(2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (14. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
11. De Jong, P., & Berg, I.K. (1998). Interviewing for solutions. Pacific Grove CA: Brooks/ Cole.
12. De Shazer, S., & Berg I.K. (1997). ‘What works?’ Remarks on research aspects of solution-focused brief therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 19, 121-124.
13. De Shazer, S. (1985). Keys to solution in brief therapy. New York: W.W. Norton& Company Inc.
14. Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being, Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542-575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542.
15. Diener, E., & Diener, C. (1996). Most people are happy. Psychological Science, 7(3), 181-185.
16. Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276.
17. Diener, E., Pressman, S. D., Hunter, J., & Delgadillo‐Chase, D. (2017). If, why, and when subjective well‐being influences health, and future needed research. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 9(2), 133-167. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12090.
18. Diener, E., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (1997). Recent findings on subjective well-being. Indian journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 25-41.
19. Dubé, M., Lapierre, S., Bouffard, L., & Alain, M. (2007). Impact of a personal goals management program on the subjective well-being of young retirees. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 57(3), 183-192. DOI:10.1016/j.erap.2005.04.004.
20. Ergin, D. A., Eren, N., & Tatlı, C. (2020). Yetişkinlerde öznel iyi oluş düzeyini artırmaya yönelik hazırlanan yaratıcı drama temelli eğitim programının etkililiğinin sınanması. Yaratıcı Drama Dergisi, 15(1), 19-34. DOI: 10.21612/yader.2020.002.
21. Eryılmaz, A. (2014). Üniversite öğrencileri için geliştirilen öznel iyi oluşu artırma programının etkililiğinin incelenmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(31), 111-128.
22. Eryılmaz, A.(2009) Ergen öznel iyi oluş ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(4), 975-989.
23. Fitriyah, F. K. (2017). Reducing aggressive behavior using solution-focused brief counseling. JBKI (Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Indonesia), 2(2), 34-39.
24. Hendar, K., Awalya, A., & Sunawan, S. (2020). Solution-focused brief therapy group counseling to increase academic resilience and self-efficacy. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 9(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.15294/jubk.v9i1.28494.
25. Iveson, C. (2002). Solution-focused brief therapy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 8, 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.8.2.149.
26. Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (31. Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
27. Karataş, Z. (2014). Psikodrama uygulamasının üniversite öğrencilerinin öznel iyi oluş ve umutsuzlukları üzerindeki etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(173), 118-128.
28. Lethem, J. (2002). Brief solution focused therapy. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 7(4), 189-192. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-3588.00033.
29. Malkoç, A. (2011). Öznel iyi oluş müdahale programının üniversite öğrencilerinin öznel iyi oluş düzeylerine etkisi. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
30. Murdock, N. L. (2012). Psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi kuramları. (Çev. F. Akkoyun). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
31. Murphy, J. J. (1997). Solution-focused counseling in middle and high schools. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
32. Myers, D. G., & Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy?. Psychological Science, 6(1), 10-19.
33. Nedim Bal, P., & Kaya, C. (2017). 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin okul tükenmişliği ile baş etmede çözüm odaklı grupla psikolojik danışmanın etkisi. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(51), 769-777. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1813.
34. Novriansyah, D., Purwanto, E., & Wibowo, M. E. (2020). The effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy group counseling to improve students’ self-concepts. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 9(2), 130-136. https://doi.org/10.15294/jubk.v9i2.31343.
35. O’Connell, B. (2001). Solution-focused stress counselling. London: Continuum.
36. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 141-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141.
37. Rice, T. W., & Steele, B. J. (2004). Subjective well-being and culture across time and space. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(6), 633-647. DOI: 10.1177/0022022104270107.
38. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998) The contours of positive human health, Psychological Inquiry, 9(1), 1-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_1.
39. Ryff, C. D. (1995). Psychological well-being in adult life. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4(4), 99-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772395.
40. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1996). Psychological well-being: Meaning, measurement, and implications for psychotherapy research. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 65(1), 14-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000289026.
41. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(1), 13-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0.
42. Sağkal, A. S., & Türnüklü, A. (2017). Barış eğitimi programının lise öğrencilerinin öznel iyi oluş ve umut düzeyleri üzerindeki etkileri. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 7(47), 69-85.
43. Saito, T., Kai, I., & Takizawa, A. (2012). Effects of a program to prevent social isolation on loneliness, depression, and subjective well-being of older adults: A randomized trial among older migrants in Japan. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 55(3), 539-547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.04.002.
44. Sarı, E., & Günaydın, N. (2016). Çözüm odaklı depresyon ile başa çıkma eğitiminin depresyon belirtileri üzerindeki etkileri. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 17(5). 369-375. DOI: 10.5455/apd.208951.
45. Sarvi, Z., & Ghazi, M. E. (2016). Effectiveness of group counseling with solution focused (brief) therapy (SFBT) on increasing self-efficacy of fifth grade primary school female students. Modern Applied Science, 10(12), 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n12p1.
46. Schimmack, U., Radhakrishnan, P., Oishi, S., Dzokoto, V., & Ahadi, S. (2002). Culture, personality, and subjective well-being: Integrating process models of life satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(4), 582-593. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.4.582.
47. Setiono, L., Marjohan, M., & Marlina, M. (2019). Implementation of solutions-focused counseling (SFC) to improve student motivation: A single subject research. Journal of ICSAR, 3(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17977/um005v3i12019p008.
48. Shapiro, A., & Taylor, M. (2002). Effects of a community-based early intervention program on the subjective well-being, institutionalization, and mortality of low-income elders. The Gerontologist, 42(3), 334-341.
49. Sparrer, I. (2012). Çözüm odaklı yaklaşıma ve sistemik yapısal dizime giriş (Çev. E. Suvarierol). İstanbul: Pan Yayıncılık.
50. Springer, K. W., & Hauser, R. M. (2006). An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being: Method, mode, and measurement effects. Social Science Research, 35(4), 1080-1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2005.07.004.
51. Tov, W., & Diener, E. (2007). Culture and subjective well-being. In S. Kitayama & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of Cultural Psychology (pp. 691-713). New York: Guilford.
52. Yılmaz Bingöl, T., & Akın, A. (2018). Çözüm odaklı kısa süreli yaklaşıma dayalı grup rehberliği programının öz-yeterlik inancına etkisi. OPUS–Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(14), 321-340. DOI: 10.26466/opus.406195.