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Planlı ve Plansız Gebeliklerde Doğum Sonrası Depresyon ve Anne Bağlanmasının Karşılaştırılması

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 126 - 134, 25.04.2025

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı planlı-plansız gebeliklerde doğum sonrası depresyon ve anne bağlanmasının değerlendirilmesidir. Tanımlayıcı olan çalışmanın örneklemini 46 plansız, 46 planlı gebeliği olan, doğum yapmış 92 lohusa kadın oluşturmaktadır. Kadınlar ile doğumdan sonra taburcu olmadan 24 saat içinde ve bir ay sonrasında tekrar görüşüldü. Veri toplamada; Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BECK) ve Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği (MBÖ) kullanıldı. Planlı gebelik grubunda maternal bağlanma ölçeğine ait birinci ve ikinci ölçüm ortalamaları farklılık göstermemektedir (p>0,05). Plansız gebelik grubunda ise maternal bağlanma ölçeğine ait birinci ve ikinci ölçüm ortalamaları farklılık göstermektedir (p=0,022). Maternal bağlanma ölçeğine ait birinci ve ikinci ölçümler arasındaki değişim gebelik plan gruplarına göre farklılık göstermektedir (p=0,044). Plansız gebelik grubunda maternal bağlanma puan ortalamaları daha düşüktür. Planlı gebelik grubunda BECK puan ortalamaları plansız gebelik grubuna kıyasla daha düşüktür (p<0,001). Gebelik plan durumuna göre BECK sınıflaması farklılık göstermektedir (p=0,012). Planlı gebelik grubunda minimal depresif belirti oranları daha yüksek iken, plansız gebelik grubunda hafif ve orta düzeydir. Planlı gebeliklerin plansız gebeliklere göre maternal bağlanma durumlarının daha yüksek, depresyon durumlarının ise daha düşük olduğu saptandı. Gebeliklerin sağlıklı bir şekilde geçirilmesi için planlı olmaları önerilmektedir.

References

  • Abajobir, A. A., Alati, R., Kisely, S., & Najman, J. M. (2017). Antecedents and maternal health outcomes of unintended pregnancy: A systematic review. Ethiopian Medical Journal, 55(4), 325-336. https://emjema.org/index.php/EMJ/article/view/557
  • Ali, A. (2016). Relationship between unwanted pregnancy and health-related quality of life in pregnant women. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 26(6), 507-512. https://l24.im/xq1R
  • Arslan, İ., & Mete, S. (2005). Beklenmeyen gebelikler. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 8(1), 34-99. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ataunihem/issue/2629/33823
  • Baltacı, N., & Başer, M. (2020). Anxiety, prenatal attachment and nurses' role in risky pregnancies. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 13(3), 206. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.565338
  • Buldur, A. H., & Göcen, G. (2021). Investigation of religious, spiritual and psychological conditions of women during unintended pregnancy period. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 19(42), 337-374. https://doi.org/10.34234/ded.1009333 Cheng, D., Schwarz, E. B., Douglas, E., & Horon, I. (2009). Unintended pregnancy and associated maternal preconception, prenatal and postpartum behaviors. Contraception, 79(3), 194-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2008.09.009
  • Cubbin, C., Braveman, P. A., Marchi, K. S., Chavez, G. F., Santelli, J. S., & Gilbert, B. J. (2002). Socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in unintended pregnancy among postpartum women in California. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 6(4), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021158016268
  • Çimen, K., & Varol, H. (2021). Evaluation of the relationship between maternal attachment levels of mothers and affecting factors. Sakarya Üniversitesi Holistik Sağlık Dergisi, 4(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.54803/sauhsd.977480
  • Ersoy, E., Karasu, Y., Çelik, E. Y., Ersoy, A. Ö., Tokmak, A., & Taşçı, Y. (2015). Individual features and contraceptive attitudes of women who had unintended pregnancy. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 6(3), 250-255. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2015.03.0528
  • Hisli, N. (1989). Validity and level of the Beck Depression Inventory for university students. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 6, 3-13. https://psikolog.org.tr/tr/yayinlar/dergiler/1031828/tpd1300443319890000m000366.pdf
  • Kavlak, O., & Şirin, A. (2009). The Turkish version of Maternal Attachment Inventory. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 188-202. https://core.ac.uk/reader/268072200
  • Kınık, E., & Özcan, H. (2020). Factors affecting maternal attachment and maternal status in primipara. J Sağlık Pro Araş Derg, 2(1), 47-53. https://l24.im/r2uyd9E
  • Lenth, R. V. (2007). Post hoc power: Tables and commentary. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science. Technical Report No. 37. https://l24.im/n1kqdU
  • Perry, D., Ettinger, A. K., Mendelson, T., & Le, H. N. (2011). Prenatal depression predicts postpartum maternal attachment in low-income Latina mothers with infants. Infant Behavior & Development, 34, 330-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.02.005
  • Rollè, L., Giordano, M., Santoniccolo, F., & Trombetta, T. (2020). Prenatal attachment and perinatal depression: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2644. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082644
  • Şahin, M., & Erbil, N. (2024). Relationship between maternal antenatal attachment and traumatic childbirth perception among pregnant women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 165(1), 288-297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.15154
  • Şenoğlu, A., Çoban, A., & Karaçam, Z. (2019). Evaluation of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, 28(4), 300-305. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.474072
  • Tonkuş, M. B., & Muslu, S. N. (2021). Maternal attachment and related factors. Journal of Medical Sciences, 2(2), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.46629/JMS.2021.39
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). (2023). Birth statistics. https://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Uzun, K. A., & Orhon, F. Ş. (2013). Influences of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 66(1), 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000836

Comparison of Postpartum Depression and Maternal Attachment Between Planned and Unplanned Pregnancies

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 126 - 134, 25.04.2025

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate postpartum depression and maternal attachment in planned and unplanned pregnancies. The sample of this descriptive study comprised 92 puerperal women, with 46 having unplanned pregnancies and 46 having planned pregnancies, all of whom had recently given birth. The women were interviewed within 24 hours after childbirth and again one month postpartum. Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS). The mean scores from the Maternal Attachment Scale did not vary between the first and second measurements in the planned pregnancy group (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the first and second measurements in the unplanned pregnancy group (p=0.022). The change in Maternal Attachment Scale scores between the first and second measurements differed depending on the pregnancy plan groups (p=0.044). The mean maternal attachment scores were lower in the unplanned pregnancy group. The mean BDI scores were lower in the planned pregnancy group compared to the unplanned pregnancy group (p<0.001). BDI classification varied based on the pregnancy plan (p=0.012). Minimal depressive symptom rates were higher in the planned pregnancy group, while symptoms were generally light or moderate in the unplanned pregnancy group. The study found that maternal attachment was higher and depression levels were lower in planned pregnancies compared to unplanned pregnancies. It is recommended that pregnancies be planned to promote healthier maternal attachment and reduce the risk of postpartum depression.

References

  • Abajobir, A. A., Alati, R., Kisely, S., & Najman, J. M. (2017). Antecedents and maternal health outcomes of unintended pregnancy: A systematic review. Ethiopian Medical Journal, 55(4), 325-336. https://emjema.org/index.php/EMJ/article/view/557
  • Ali, A. (2016). Relationship between unwanted pregnancy and health-related quality of life in pregnant women. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 26(6), 507-512. https://l24.im/xq1R
  • Arslan, İ., & Mete, S. (2005). Beklenmeyen gebelikler. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 8(1), 34-99. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ataunihem/issue/2629/33823
  • Baltacı, N., & Başer, M. (2020). Anxiety, prenatal attachment and nurses' role in risky pregnancies. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 13(3), 206. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.565338
  • Buldur, A. H., & Göcen, G. (2021). Investigation of religious, spiritual and psychological conditions of women during unintended pregnancy period. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 19(42), 337-374. https://doi.org/10.34234/ded.1009333 Cheng, D., Schwarz, E. B., Douglas, E., & Horon, I. (2009). Unintended pregnancy and associated maternal preconception, prenatal and postpartum behaviors. Contraception, 79(3), 194-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2008.09.009
  • Cubbin, C., Braveman, P. A., Marchi, K. S., Chavez, G. F., Santelli, J. S., & Gilbert, B. J. (2002). Socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in unintended pregnancy among postpartum women in California. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 6(4), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021158016268
  • Çimen, K., & Varol, H. (2021). Evaluation of the relationship between maternal attachment levels of mothers and affecting factors. Sakarya Üniversitesi Holistik Sağlık Dergisi, 4(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.54803/sauhsd.977480
  • Ersoy, E., Karasu, Y., Çelik, E. Y., Ersoy, A. Ö., Tokmak, A., & Taşçı, Y. (2015). Individual features and contraceptive attitudes of women who had unintended pregnancy. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 6(3), 250-255. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2015.03.0528
  • Hisli, N. (1989). Validity and level of the Beck Depression Inventory for university students. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 6, 3-13. https://psikolog.org.tr/tr/yayinlar/dergiler/1031828/tpd1300443319890000m000366.pdf
  • Kavlak, O., & Şirin, A. (2009). The Turkish version of Maternal Attachment Inventory. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 188-202. https://core.ac.uk/reader/268072200
  • Kınık, E., & Özcan, H. (2020). Factors affecting maternal attachment and maternal status in primipara. J Sağlık Pro Araş Derg, 2(1), 47-53. https://l24.im/r2uyd9E
  • Lenth, R. V. (2007). Post hoc power: Tables and commentary. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science. Technical Report No. 37. https://l24.im/n1kqdU
  • Perry, D., Ettinger, A. K., Mendelson, T., & Le, H. N. (2011). Prenatal depression predicts postpartum maternal attachment in low-income Latina mothers with infants. Infant Behavior & Development, 34, 330-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.02.005
  • Rollè, L., Giordano, M., Santoniccolo, F., & Trombetta, T. (2020). Prenatal attachment and perinatal depression: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2644. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082644
  • Şahin, M., & Erbil, N. (2024). Relationship between maternal antenatal attachment and traumatic childbirth perception among pregnant women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 165(1), 288-297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.15154
  • Şenoğlu, A., Çoban, A., & Karaçam, Z. (2019). Evaluation of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions. Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, 28(4), 300-305. https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.474072
  • Tonkuş, M. B., & Muslu, S. N. (2021). Maternal attachment and related factors. Journal of Medical Sciences, 2(2), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.46629/JMS.2021.39
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). (2023). Birth statistics. https://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Uzun, K. A., & Orhon, F. Ş. (2013). Influences of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 66(1), 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tipfak_0000000836
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Behiye Özlem Türk 0000-0003-1755-2103

Handan Özcan 0000-0002-7131-1856

Publication Date April 25, 2025
Submission Date April 16, 2024
Acceptance Date August 9, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Türk, B. Ö., & Özcan, H. (2025). Comparison of Postpartum Depression and Maternal Attachment Between Planned and Unplanned Pregnancies. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 126-134.


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