Frequency Of The Congenital Heart Diseases According To The Risk Groups: Fetal Echocardiographic Screening

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate fetal echocardiography results in terms of congenital heart diseases CHD in high and low risk pregnancies in our clinic.Material and Methods: Echocardiographic records of 1025 pregnant women referred to the pediatric cardiology unit between September 2006- December 2015 were retrospectively evaluated.Results: Congenital heart disease was detected in 134 13.1% of all fetuses in high and low risk groups. Ventricular septal defect 38.8% and atrioventricular septal defect 11.9% were the most common two pathologies. The third one was multiple complex anomalies 11.2% . The prevalence of CHD in the high-risk group n=390 was 13.3% and 16.3%in the low-risk group n=635 . There was no difference between risk groups in incidence of CHD p>0.05 . Minor cardiac pathologies were detected in 5.9%, complex pathologies were 5.1% and significant cardiac pathologies were 2.3% of the high risk pregnancies. Minor cardiac pathologies were detected in 7.4%, complex pathologies were 6.1%, and significant cardiac pathologies were 2.8% of the low-risk group pregnancies. The rate of CHD detection in the group that referred for suspicion of cardiac anomaly was 27.7% whereas, the rate of CHD detection in the group that referred for other reasons was 13.7% p=0.01 .Conclusion: Fetal echocardiography is a reliable method for diagnosis of intrauterine heart diseases. In this study, it was determined that CHD was high in the group that was referred for cardiac anomaly; nevertheless the risk classification was not satisfactory in distinguishing presence of CHD in groups.

Keywords

• Congenital heart disease,fetal echocardiography,fetus,prenatal diagnosis

Doğumsal Kalp Hastalıkları Sıklığının Risk Gruplarına Göre Dağılımı: Fetal Ekokardiyografik Tarama

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kliniğimizde yüksek ve düşük risk grubundaki gebelerde fetal ekokardiyografi sonuçlarını doğumsal kalp hastalıkları DKH açısından değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Pediatrik Kardiyoloji Ünitesine Eylül 2006-Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında başvuran 1025 gebenin ekokardiyografi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi.Bulgular: Yüksek ve düşük riskli gruplardaki tüm fetüslerin 134’ünde %13.1 doğumsal kalp hastalığı saptandı. Ventriküler septal defekt %38.8 ve atriyoventriküler septal defekt %11.9 en sık görülen patolojilerdi. Birden fazla kompleks anomaliyi içeren patolojilerin oranı ise üçüncü sırada yer almaktaydı %11.2 . Yüksek riskli grupta n=390 DKH sıklığı %13.3 iken düşük riskli grupta n=635 %16.3 bulundu. Doğumsal kalp hastalığı sıklığı açısından risk grupları arasında anlamlı fark yoktu p>0.05 . Yüksek riskli grubun %5.1’inde kompleks, %2.3’inde önemli ve %5.9’unda ise minör kardiyak patoloji saptandı. Düşük riskli grupta ise %6.1 kompleks, %2.8’inde önemli ve %7.4’ünde minör kardiyak patoloji saptandı. Annede başvuru nedenleri irdelendiğinde; kardiyak anomali şüphesi ile yönlendirilen grupta DKH saptanma oranı %27.7 iken, diğer nedenlerle başvuranlarda bu oran %13.7 idi p=0.01 .Sonuç: Fetal ekokardiyografi intrauterin kalp hastalıkların tanınmasında güvenilir bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, anomali şüphesi ile yönlendirilen grupta DKH oranının yüksek olduğu saptanmakla birlikte, risk gruplarının DKH’nı öngörmede ayırt edici olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu da fetal ekokardiyografinin rutin bir inceleme olması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

• Doğumsal kalp hastalığı,fetal ekokardiyografi,fetüs,prenatal tanı

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