COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ POSTPARTUM DEPRESYON RİSKİNİ ARTIRDI MI?

Abstract

Amaç: İstanbul’daki bir üçünçü basamak hastanede, pandemi öncesi ve sonrası Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Skalası (EPDS) skorlarını kıyaslayarak Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemisinin postpartum depresyon riskini artırıp artırmadığını araştırmak. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Doğumlarından 10-14 gün sonraki takip muayenelerine gelen ve EPDS formlarını tamamlayan tüm kadınlar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Formları pandeminin ilanından önce (14 Ocak 2020 - 11 Mart 2020) tamamlayan kadınlar pandemi-öncesi gruba, formları 12 Mart 2020 – 28 Haziran 2020 arası dolduran kadınlar pandemi-sonrası gruba dahil edildi. Hastaların bazal özellikleri kaydedildi. Pandemi öncesi ve sonrası EPDS skorları kıyaslandı. Bulgular: Yetmiş-üçü pandemi öncesi, 91’i pandemi sonrası olmak üzere toplam 164 kadın çalışmaya dahil edildi. Gravida ve paritenin pandemi sonrası dönemdeki hastalarda daha yüksek olması dışında, bazal özellikler iki grup arasında benzerdi. Medyan (25-75 persentil) EPDS skoru pandemi-öncesi grupta 7(4-11), pandemi sonrası grupta 6(3-10) hesaplandı ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı (p=0.39). Skorları <9 ile ≥9; ve <13 ile ≥13 olan kadınların bazal özellikleri benzer bulundu. Sonuç: PPD riski stresli olaylar ve destek eksikliğinda artmaktadır. Covid-19 pandemisinin ve kısıtlamaların PPD riskine etkisini bildiren az sayıda çalışmanın sonuçları çelişkilidir. Çalışma popülasyonumuzda pandemi öncesi ve sonrası PPD riskini benzer bulduk. Farklı şehirlerde ve sosyoekonomik gruplarda yürütülecek çok-merkezli prospektif çalışmalar, riskli alt grupları bulmada rol oynayabilir.

Keywords

• postpartum depresyon
• Covid-19
• pandemi
• Edinburgh postpartum depression skalası
• Türkiye

HAS THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC INCREASED POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION RISK?

Abstract

Aim: To observe if Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic had an impact on postpartum depression (PPD) risk in women who delivered in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, by comparing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) scores before and after the pandemic was declared. Materials and Methods: All women who attended to the postpartum follow-up visit within 10-14 days of their delivery and completed the EPDS form were included. Women who completed forms before the declaration of pandemic (between January 14, 2020, and March 11, 2020) were labeled as the pre-pandemic group, whereas those between March 12, 2020 and June 28, 2020 were designated as the post-pandemic group. Baseline characteristics were recorded. Pre-pandemic and post-pandemic EPDS scores were compared. Results: A total of 164 women, 73 in the pre-pandemic and 91 in the post-pandemic period, were included in the study. Baseline characteristics were similar except for gravidity and parity, which were higher in the post-pandemic group. Median(25th-75th percentile) EPDS scores were similar at 7(4-11) and 6(3-10) in the in the pre- and post-pandemic periods, respectively (p=0.39). When we compared the characteristics of women with scores <9 and ≥9; and <13 and ≥13, all characteristics were similar. Conclusion: PPD risk increases with stressful events or lack of support. The handful of studies on the effect of Covid-19 pandemic and the restrictions related to it on PPD risk provide conflicting results. PPD risk was similar before and after pandemic in our population. Prospective, multi-centered studies from different cities and socioeconomic backgrounds may identify subgroups at risk.

Keywords

• postpartum depression
• Covid-19
• pandemic
• Edinburgh postnatal depression scale
• Turkey

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