Menstruation Cycle and Fertility In Patients With Turner Syndrome

Year 2019, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 170 - 176, 01.07.2019

Sevgül Fakı Didem Özdemir Bekir Çakır

Abstract

Turner syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality due to absence or structural abnormality of one of the X chromosomes. It has an incidence of 1/2500 or 50/10000 of female live births. While spontaneous puberty may develop in 20-30% of the patients, spontaneous menstruation and pregnancy can only be seen in 2-5% of them. Fertility is one of the most important problems faced by the patients with Turner’s syndrome and their families. Spontaneous puberty occurs in 15–30% of girls with TS and 2–5% experience menarche. Only approximately 2–5% of women with TS are able to conceive. Adoption, surrogacy, oocyte donation and in vitro fertilization are the main options for these patients to have children. In this review we discussed fertility options and possible feto-maternal complications in patients with Turner syndrome.

Keywords

Turner’s syndrome, fertility, estrogen replacement therapy, cardiac complications

Turner Sendromlu Hastalarda Menstrüel Düzen ve Fertilite

Abstract

Turner sendromu X kromozomlarının birinin yokluğu veya yapısal anormalliğine bağlı gelişen bir seks kromozom anormalliğidir. İnsidansı 100.000 canlı kız doğumda 50 veya 2500’de 1 olarak bildirilmiştir. Hastaların %20 -30’u spontan puberte bulguları gösterirken sadece %2-5’inde spontan menstrüasyon ve gebelik görülebilir. Bu nedenle fertilite Turner sendromlu hastaların ve ailelerinin karşılaştığı ve ilgilendiği en önemli sorunlardan birisidir. Evlat edinme, taşıyıcı annelik, oosit bağışı ve in vitro fertilizasyon, bu hastaların çocuk sahibi olmaları için başlıca seçeneklerdir. Son yıllarda başta oosit bağışı olmak üzere yardımcı üreme tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi ile bu hastaların çocuk sahibi olma ihtimalleri arttırılmıştır. Bu derlemede Turner sendromlu hastalarda fertilite seçenekleri incelenmiş ve ister spontan ister yardımcı üreme teknikleri ile olsun gebelik planlandığında anne ve fetus için genel popülasyonla kıyaslandığında daha sıklıkla karşılaşılabilecek komplikasyonlar tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Turner sendromu, fertilite, östrojen replasman tedavisi, kardiyak komplikasyonlar

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