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Levels of Lead and Mercury in the Umbilical Cord Blood of the Newborns

Year 2019, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 4 - 8, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine whether the mother and infants were exposed to lead and mercury, which are toxic heavy metals, and to investigate the possible exposure ways.Material And Methods: We included 100 new mothers. A questionnaire of 40 questions regarding socio-economic, demographic characteristics and health status was applied for all participants. The lead and mercury levels were studied by taking samples from cord blood after delivery. Maternal calcium and iron levels were also studied.Results: The cord blood lead level was above the safe level suggested in only one case. There was a statistically negative relationship between maternal calcium and cord blood lead levels p

References

  • Martin S, Griswold W. Enviromental Science and Technology Briefs for Citizens.Human Health Effects of Heavy Metals. Kansas State University, USA 2009. (15): 1-6.
  • Goyer R. Issue Paper On The Human Health Effects Of Metals, U.S. Envi- ronmental Protection Agency Risk Assessment Forum; 2004. Washing- ton DC, USA.
  • The priority list of hazardous substances that will be the candidates for toxicological profile in: ATSDR (online). Erişim tarihi:28/11/2017. Availab- le at: http:// www.atsdr.cdc.gov/SPL/index.html.
  • Dorea JG, Donangelo CM. Early (in uterus and infant) exposure to mer- cury and lead. Clin Nutr 2006; 25:369-376.
  • Oskarsson A, Palminger HI, Sundberg J. Risk assessment in relation to neonatal metal exposure. Analyst 1998;123:19-23.
  • Huel G, Boudene C, Ibrahim MA. Cadmium and lead content of maternal and newborn hair: relationship to parity, birth weight, and hypertension. Arch Environ Health 1981; 36:221-227.
  • Kuhnert BR, Kuhnert PM, Zarlingo TJ. Associations between placental cadmium and zinc and age and parity in pregnant women who smoke. Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:67-70.
  • Saxena DK, Singh C, Murthy RC, Mathur N, Chandra SV. Blood and pla- cental lead levels in an Indian city: a preliminary report. Arch Environ Health 1994;49:106-110.
  • Lagerkvist BJ, Sandberg S, Freeh W, Jiu T, Nordberg GF. Is placenta a good indicator of cadmium and lead exposure? Arch Environ Health 1996;51:389- 394.
  • CDC; Guıdelınes For The Identıfıcatıon And Management Of Lead Exposu- re In Pregnant And Lactatıng Women, 2010-28.
  • Agency for Toxic Sustances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological Profile for Mercury. Atlanta, U.S. Department of Health and Human Servi- ces, Public Health Service 1999.
  • Huel G, Everson RB, Menger I .Increased hair cadmium in newbor- ns of women occupationally exposed to heavy metals. Environ Res. 1984;35:115-121.
  • Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF et al. Cognitive deficit in 7-year-old children with prenatal exposure to methylmercury. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1997;19:417- 428.
  • Counter SA, Buchanan LH. Mercury exposure in children: a review. Toxi- col ApplPharmacol 2004;198:209-230.
  • Sabra S, Malmavist E, Saborit A, Gratacos E, Roiq G. Heavy metals exposure levels and their correlation with different clinical forms of fetal growth restriction. PloS One 2017; 6;12:e0185645.
  • Furman A, Laleli M. Maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels: an Istanbul study. Arch Environ Health 2001;56:26-28.
  • Gundacker C, Fröhlich S, Graf-Rohrmeister K et al. Perinatal Lead and Mercury Exposure in Austria. Sci Total Environ 2010;408(23): 5744– 5749.
  • Kırel B, Aksit A, Bulut H. Blood Lead Levels of Maternal-Cord Pairs,Child- ren and Adults who Live in a Central Urban Area in Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2005; 47: 125-131.
  • Janjua NZ, Delzell E, Larson RR et al. Maternal Nutrional Status During Pregnancy and Surma Use Determine Cord Lead Levels in Karachi Pakis- tan. Environ Res 2008;108(1):69-79.
  • Tellez-Rojo MM, Hernandez-Avila M, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Smith D, Hernandez-Cadena L, Mercado A ve ark.Impact of Bone Lead and Bone Resorption on Plasma and Whole Blood Lead Levels during Pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2004; 160:668-678.
  • Hertz-Picciotto I, Schramm M, Watt-Morse M, Chantala K, Anderson J, Osterloh J. Patterns and Determinants of Blood Lead During Pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:829–837.
  • Jin L, Liu J, Ye B, Ren A. Concentrations of selected heavy metals in maternal blood and associated factors in rural areas in Shanxi Province, China. Environ Int 2014;66:157-64.

Yenidoğan Bebeklerin Göbek Kordon Kanında Kurşun ve Civa Düzeyleri

Year 2019, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 4 - 8, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Amaç: Sanayi devrimiyle birlikte hızla artan çevre kirliliği sonuçlarından biri de, ağır metallerin insan sağlığını tehdit etmeye başlamasıdır. Çalışmamızda, kurşun ve civa maruziyetinin kord kanında değerlendirilmesi ve gebelerin olası temas yollarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Temmuz 2012- Ağustos 2012 tarihleri arasında doğum yapan 100 anne alındı. Annelere sosyo-ekonomik, demografik özelliklerini ve sağlık durumlarını içeren 40 soruluk bir anket uygulandı. Anne serum kalsiyum ve demir düzeyleri ile beraber doğum sonrası kord kanından kurşun ve civa düzeyleri çalışıldı.Bulgular: Kord kanı kurşun düzeyleri vakaların sadece birinde önerilen güvenli düzeyin üzerindeydi. Anne kalsiyum ile kord kurşun seviyeleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif ilişki bulundu p

References

  • Martin S, Griswold W. Enviromental Science and Technology Briefs for Citizens.Human Health Effects of Heavy Metals. Kansas State University, USA 2009. (15): 1-6.
  • Goyer R. Issue Paper On The Human Health Effects Of Metals, U.S. Envi- ronmental Protection Agency Risk Assessment Forum; 2004. Washing- ton DC, USA.
  • The priority list of hazardous substances that will be the candidates for toxicological profile in: ATSDR (online). Erişim tarihi:28/11/2017. Availab- le at: http:// www.atsdr.cdc.gov/SPL/index.html.
  • Dorea JG, Donangelo CM. Early (in uterus and infant) exposure to mer- cury and lead. Clin Nutr 2006; 25:369-376.
  • Oskarsson A, Palminger HI, Sundberg J. Risk assessment in relation to neonatal metal exposure. Analyst 1998;123:19-23.
  • Huel G, Boudene C, Ibrahim MA. Cadmium and lead content of maternal and newborn hair: relationship to parity, birth weight, and hypertension. Arch Environ Health 1981; 36:221-227.
  • Kuhnert BR, Kuhnert PM, Zarlingo TJ. Associations between placental cadmium and zinc and age and parity in pregnant women who smoke. Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:67-70.
  • Saxena DK, Singh C, Murthy RC, Mathur N, Chandra SV. Blood and pla- cental lead levels in an Indian city: a preliminary report. Arch Environ Health 1994;49:106-110.
  • Lagerkvist BJ, Sandberg S, Freeh W, Jiu T, Nordberg GF. Is placenta a good indicator of cadmium and lead exposure? Arch Environ Health 1996;51:389- 394.
  • CDC; Guıdelınes For The Identıfıcatıon And Management Of Lead Exposu- re In Pregnant And Lactatıng Women, 2010-28.
  • Agency for Toxic Sustances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological Profile for Mercury. Atlanta, U.S. Department of Health and Human Servi- ces, Public Health Service 1999.
  • Huel G, Everson RB, Menger I .Increased hair cadmium in newbor- ns of women occupationally exposed to heavy metals. Environ Res. 1984;35:115-121.
  • Grandjean P, Weihe P, White RF et al. Cognitive deficit in 7-year-old children with prenatal exposure to methylmercury. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1997;19:417- 428.
  • Counter SA, Buchanan LH. Mercury exposure in children: a review. Toxi- col ApplPharmacol 2004;198:209-230.
  • Sabra S, Malmavist E, Saborit A, Gratacos E, Roiq G. Heavy metals exposure levels and their correlation with different clinical forms of fetal growth restriction. PloS One 2017; 6;12:e0185645.
  • Furman A, Laleli M. Maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels: an Istanbul study. Arch Environ Health 2001;56:26-28.
  • Gundacker C, Fröhlich S, Graf-Rohrmeister K et al. Perinatal Lead and Mercury Exposure in Austria. Sci Total Environ 2010;408(23): 5744– 5749.
  • Kırel B, Aksit A, Bulut H. Blood Lead Levels of Maternal-Cord Pairs,Child- ren and Adults who Live in a Central Urban Area in Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2005; 47: 125-131.
  • Janjua NZ, Delzell E, Larson RR et al. Maternal Nutrional Status During Pregnancy and Surma Use Determine Cord Lead Levels in Karachi Pakis- tan. Environ Res 2008;108(1):69-79.
  • Tellez-Rojo MM, Hernandez-Avila M, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Smith D, Hernandez-Cadena L, Mercado A ve ark.Impact of Bone Lead and Bone Resorption on Plasma and Whole Blood Lead Levels during Pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2004; 160:668-678.
  • Hertz-Picciotto I, Schramm M, Watt-Morse M, Chantala K, Anderson J, Osterloh J. Patterns and Determinants of Blood Lead During Pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:829–837.
  • Jin L, Liu J, Ye B, Ren A. Concentrations of selected heavy metals in maternal blood and associated factors in rural areas in Shanxi Province, China. Environ Int 2014;66:157-64.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Emine Eroğlu Kaya This is me

Fatih Mehmet Kışlalı This is me

Dilek Sarıcı This is me

Yüksel Kurban This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Kaya EE, Kışlalı FM, Sarıcı D, Kurban Y. Yenidoğan Bebeklerin Göbek Kordon Kanında Kurşun ve Civa Düzeyleri. JGON. 2019;16(1):4-8.