BibTex RIS Cite

Pregnancies Ending Before The 22nd Week Of Gestation

Year 2017, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 66 - 69, 01.04.2017

Abstract

Aim: To itemize pregnancies ending before the 22nd week of gestation due to several reasons, determine the frequency and clarify classification of miscarriages with a time based systematic.Materials and Methods: Between 2005 and 2015, totally 2172 patients whose pregnancies were ended before 22nd gestational week and whose follow-up/ treatment were performed by a single physician were included in the study. Total delivery number was 10280 during this period. Individuals were divided into 8 groups: Group 1: blighted ovums, Group 2: abortions occured between 5 and 10 weeks 6 days, Group 3: abortions occured between 11 and 13 weeks 6 days, Group 4: abortions occured after 14th week, Group 5: unwanted pregnancies, Group 6: gestational trophoblastic diseases, Group 7: ectopic pregnancies, Group 8: termination of pregnancies. Beksaç Obstetrik İndeksi” BOİp was used to assess the risk level by using the formula of number of living child+π /10 /Gravida.Results: There were 190 patients in Group 1, 934 in Group 2, 62 in Group 3, 80 in Group 4, 615 in Group 5, 41 in Group 6, 37 in Group 7 and 213 in Group 8, respectively. The number of patients with pregnancy loss before 22th gestational week was 1265 with 10.7 percent when unwanted pregnancies, ectopic pregnancies, gestational trophoblastic diseases and termination of pregnancies were excluded. The mean gravida, parity and abortion were 2.4; 0.7 and 0.7, respectively. Although there was no significant difference between the subgroups, BOI p values were decreased significantly among groups 1-4.Conclusion: Pregnancies that do not exceed the 22nd week of gestation is important in the clinical practice. We presented a practical classification systemt of acilitatephysicians in the management of such medical problems.

References

  • Ford HB, Schust DJ. Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(2):76-83.
  • Nikčević AV, Kuczmierczyk AR, Nicolaides KH. The influence of medical and psychological interventions on women’s distress after miscarriage. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2007;63(3):283-90.
  • Jacobs PA, Hassold T. Chromosome abnormalities: origin and etiology in abortions and livebirths. Human Genetics Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1987:233-44.
  • Bardos J, Hercz D, Friedenthal J, Missmer SA, Williams Z. A nati- onal survey on public perceptions of miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(6):1313-20.
  • Esin S, Beksaç S, Balcı S. Succesful Management of the Pregnancy Complicated with Thrombophilia, Uterine Unicollis and Previous Preg- nancy Loss: A Case Report. Gynecol Obstet Reprod. Med. 2006;12(3).
  • Anderson FW, Hogan JG, Ansbacher R. Sudden death: ectopic pregnan- cy mortality. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103(6):1218-23.
  • Turgal M, Beksac MS. Molar Pregnancy and Poor Obstetrics Outcome: Retrospective Evaluation of Six Cases. J. Med. Cases. 2016;7(6):239- 41.
  • Sarı N, Işık H, Başar H, Seven A, Bostancı A. The Role of Beta-hCG Progesterone and Creatine Kinase in the Early Diagnosis of Ectopic Preg- nancies. Gynecol Obstet Reprod. Med. 2016;19(3).
  • Sedgh G, Singh S, Shah IH, Åhman E, Henshaw SK, Bankole A. Induced abortion: incidence and trends worldwide from 1995 to 2008. The Lan- cet. 2012;379(9816):625-32.
  • M. Sinan Beksaç MÇ, Şebnem Akipek Öcal ve Tuğrul Katoğlu. Embriyo ve Fetus; Etik ve Yasal Boyut. In: M.Sinan Beksaç ŞAÖ, Tuğrul Katoğlu editor. Doğum Hekimliği Meternal-Fetal Tıp’ta Etik Ve Yasal Boyut. Ankara: Me- bas Medikal Basın Yayın Ltd.Şti.; 2004.
  • Ed. BS. Doğum Hekimliği Maternal-Fetal Tıpta Etik ve yasal Boyut. Anka- ra: Medikal Network; 2004.
  • Beksaç MS, Aydın E, Tuğral M, Karaağaoğlu E. An Obstetrics Index for the Assessment of Risk Levels of “High Risk Pregnancy” Groups. Gyne- col Obstet Reprod. Med. 2016;21(1).
  • Akkurt MÖ, Karakoç G, Doğan MM, Yalçın Y, Tatar B. Histopatolojik Olarak Ektopik Gebe Olduğu Kanıtlanan Hastalarda Serum Ca-125, Östradiol ve Progesteron Düzeyleri. JGON. 2015;12(4).
  • Shih I-M, Kurman RJ. The pathology of intermediate trophoblastic tu- mors and tumor-like lesions. Int J. Gynecol Pat. 2001;20(1):31-47.
  • Regan L, Rai R. Epidemiology and the medical causes of miscar- riage. Best practice & research Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. 2000;14(5):839-54.
  • Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O’Connor JF, Baird DD, Schlatterer JP, Can- field RE, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988;319(4):189-94.
  • Guvendag Guven ES, Okur H, Beksac MS. Placental fas/fas ligand exp- ression in early pregnancy losses. Am. J. Reprod. Imm. 2008;60(1):1-7.
  • Andersen A-MN, Wohlfahrt J, Christens P, Olsen J, Melbye M. Mater- nal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study. BMJ. 2000;320(7251):1708-12.
  • Osborn JF, Cattaruzza MS, Spinelli A. Risk of spontaneous abortion in Italy, 1978–1995, and the effect of maternal age, gravidity, marital status, and education. Am. J. Epid. 2000;151(1):98-105.
  • Coste J, Job-Spira N, Fernandez H. Risk factors for spontaneous aborti- on: a case-control study in France. Hum. Reprod. 1991;6(9):1332-7.
  • Wilcox AJ, Gladen BC. Spontaneous abortion: the role of heterogeneous risk and selective fertility. Early Human Development. 1982;7(2):165-78.
  • Levy B, Sigurjonsson S, Pettersen B, Maisenbacher MK, Hall MP, Demko Z, et al. Genomic imbalance in products of conception: single-nucleo- tide polymorphism chromosomal microarray analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124(2, PART 1):202-9.
  • Romero S, Geiersbach K, Paxton C, Rose N, Schisterman E, Branch D, et al. Differentiation of genetic abnormalities in early pregnancy loss. Ultr. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;45(1):89-94.
  • Stevenson RE, Solomon BD, Everman DB. Human malformations and related anomalies: Oxford University Press; 2015.
  • M. Sinan Beksaç SAE. Fetal Kayıp. In: Beksaç MS, editor. Üreme En- dokrinolojisi & İnfertilite Jinekoloji-I. Ankara: Medical Netwoork; 2006. p. 1205-9.

22 Haftayı Geçemeyen Gebelikler

Year 2017, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 66 - 69, 01.04.2017

Abstract

Amaç: 22. gebelik haftası öncesinde değişik nedenlerle sonlanan gebeliklerin dökümü,sıklığının belirlenmesi ve düşüklerin sınıflamasına yönelik dönemsel sınırlara netlik kazandırmakGereç ve Yöntemler: 2005-2015 yılları arasında 22. gebelik haftasından önce gebeliği sonlanan, gerekli takip ve tedavisi tek bir hekim tarafından yapılmış olan 2172 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bu yıllar arasında aynı hekimin takip edip doğumunu gerçekleştirdiği hasta sayısı 10280’dir.Gebeliğini kaybeden hastalar 8 alt gruba ayrılmıştır; Grup 1: anembriyonik gebelikler, Grup 2: 5-10 hafta 6 gün arası gerçekleşen düşükler, Grup 3: 11-13 hafta 6 gün arası gerçekleşen düşükler, Grup 4: 14 hafta üzeri düşükler, Grup 5: istemli kürtajlar, Grup 6: gestasyonel trofoblastik neoplaziler GTN , Grup 7: ektopik gebelikler ve Grup 8: tıbbi terminasyonlar olarak belirlenmiştir.Grupların risk değerlendirilmesi “Beksaç Obstetrik İndeksi” BOİp ile yapılmıştır yaşayan çocuk sayısı +π /10 /Gravida.Bulgular: Gruplardaki toplam hasta sayısı incelendiğinde; 190 hasta 1.grupta, 934 hasta 2.grupta, 62 hasta 3.grupta, 80 hasta 4.grupta, 615 hasta 5.grupta, 41 hasta 6. grupta, 37 hasta 7. grupta ve 213 hasta 8. gruptadır. İstemli küretajlar, dış gebelikler, GTN ve tıbbi terminasyonlar çıkartıldıktan sonra 22 hafta altında düşük yapan hasta sayısı 1265 ve düşük oranı %10,7 olarak hesaplanmıştır.Ortalama gravida, parite ve düşük sayıları ise sırasıyla 2,4; 0,7 ve 0,7 olarak bulunmuştur. Gruplar arasında önemli bir fark olmamasına rağmen, ilk 4 grupta BOI p değerleri düşük saptanmıştır.Sonuç: 22. gebelik haftasını geçemeyen gebeliklerin doğum hekimliğindeki yeri önemlidir. Söz konusu tıbbi problemlerin yönetiminde hekimlere kolaylık sağlayacak pratik bir gruplama biçimi sunularak yeni bir standardizasyon önerisinde bulunulmuştur.

References

  • Ford HB, Schust DJ. Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(2):76-83.
  • Nikčević AV, Kuczmierczyk AR, Nicolaides KH. The influence of medical and psychological interventions on women’s distress after miscarriage. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2007;63(3):283-90.
  • Jacobs PA, Hassold T. Chromosome abnormalities: origin and etiology in abortions and livebirths. Human Genetics Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1987:233-44.
  • Bardos J, Hercz D, Friedenthal J, Missmer SA, Williams Z. A nati- onal survey on public perceptions of miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125(6):1313-20.
  • Esin S, Beksaç S, Balcı S. Succesful Management of the Pregnancy Complicated with Thrombophilia, Uterine Unicollis and Previous Preg- nancy Loss: A Case Report. Gynecol Obstet Reprod. Med. 2006;12(3).
  • Anderson FW, Hogan JG, Ansbacher R. Sudden death: ectopic pregnan- cy mortality. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103(6):1218-23.
  • Turgal M, Beksac MS. Molar Pregnancy and Poor Obstetrics Outcome: Retrospective Evaluation of Six Cases. J. Med. Cases. 2016;7(6):239- 41.
  • Sarı N, Işık H, Başar H, Seven A, Bostancı A. The Role of Beta-hCG Progesterone and Creatine Kinase in the Early Diagnosis of Ectopic Preg- nancies. Gynecol Obstet Reprod. Med. 2016;19(3).
  • Sedgh G, Singh S, Shah IH, Åhman E, Henshaw SK, Bankole A. Induced abortion: incidence and trends worldwide from 1995 to 2008. The Lan- cet. 2012;379(9816):625-32.
  • M. Sinan Beksaç MÇ, Şebnem Akipek Öcal ve Tuğrul Katoğlu. Embriyo ve Fetus; Etik ve Yasal Boyut. In: M.Sinan Beksaç ŞAÖ, Tuğrul Katoğlu editor. Doğum Hekimliği Meternal-Fetal Tıp’ta Etik Ve Yasal Boyut. Ankara: Me- bas Medikal Basın Yayın Ltd.Şti.; 2004.
  • Ed. BS. Doğum Hekimliği Maternal-Fetal Tıpta Etik ve yasal Boyut. Anka- ra: Medikal Network; 2004.
  • Beksaç MS, Aydın E, Tuğral M, Karaağaoğlu E. An Obstetrics Index for the Assessment of Risk Levels of “High Risk Pregnancy” Groups. Gyne- col Obstet Reprod. Med. 2016;21(1).
  • Akkurt MÖ, Karakoç G, Doğan MM, Yalçın Y, Tatar B. Histopatolojik Olarak Ektopik Gebe Olduğu Kanıtlanan Hastalarda Serum Ca-125, Östradiol ve Progesteron Düzeyleri. JGON. 2015;12(4).
  • Shih I-M, Kurman RJ. The pathology of intermediate trophoblastic tu- mors and tumor-like lesions. Int J. Gynecol Pat. 2001;20(1):31-47.
  • Regan L, Rai R. Epidemiology and the medical causes of miscar- riage. Best practice & research Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. 2000;14(5):839-54.
  • Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O’Connor JF, Baird DD, Schlatterer JP, Can- field RE, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988;319(4):189-94.
  • Guvendag Guven ES, Okur H, Beksac MS. Placental fas/fas ligand exp- ression in early pregnancy losses. Am. J. Reprod. Imm. 2008;60(1):1-7.
  • Andersen A-MN, Wohlfahrt J, Christens P, Olsen J, Melbye M. Mater- nal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study. BMJ. 2000;320(7251):1708-12.
  • Osborn JF, Cattaruzza MS, Spinelli A. Risk of spontaneous abortion in Italy, 1978–1995, and the effect of maternal age, gravidity, marital status, and education. Am. J. Epid. 2000;151(1):98-105.
  • Coste J, Job-Spira N, Fernandez H. Risk factors for spontaneous aborti- on: a case-control study in France. Hum. Reprod. 1991;6(9):1332-7.
  • Wilcox AJ, Gladen BC. Spontaneous abortion: the role of heterogeneous risk and selective fertility. Early Human Development. 1982;7(2):165-78.
  • Levy B, Sigurjonsson S, Pettersen B, Maisenbacher MK, Hall MP, Demko Z, et al. Genomic imbalance in products of conception: single-nucleo- tide polymorphism chromosomal microarray analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124(2, PART 1):202-9.
  • Romero S, Geiersbach K, Paxton C, Rose N, Schisterman E, Branch D, et al. Differentiation of genetic abnormalities in early pregnancy loss. Ultr. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;45(1):89-94.
  • Stevenson RE, Solomon BD, Everman DB. Human malformations and related anomalies: Oxford University Press; 2015.
  • M. Sinan Beksaç SAE. Fetal Kayıp. In: Beksaç MS, editor. Üreme En- dokrinolojisi & İnfertilite Jinekoloji-I. Ankara: Medical Netwoork; 2006. p. 1205-9.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gökçen Örgul This is me

Burcu Soyak This is me

Emine Aydın This is me

Atakan Tanaçan This is me

Murat Çağan This is me

Mehmet Sinan Beksaç This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Örgul G, Soyak B, Aydın E, Tanaçan A, Çağan M, Beksaç MS. 22 Haftayı Geçemeyen Gebelikler. JGON. 2017;14(2):66-9.