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ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION FREQUENCY AND RELATED FACTORS DURING PREGNANCY

Year 2012, Volume: 9 Issue: 35, 1431 - 1435, 01.07.2012

Abstract

Aim: In this study, the aim was to detect the depression and anxiety levels and related etiologic factors among patients who visited Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital Antenatal Outpatient Clinic. Materials and Method: The study was performed be- tween October 2010 and December 2010. A total of 174 patients between 18 and 49 years of age having normal pregnancy follow up and having not a physical disability and psychiatric disorder were included. All participants were given a personal information questionary and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire. Results: We found anxiety in 32% of participants and depression in 47% of participants. This was related to occupation and amount of income of participants husbands, number of previous pregnancies, if the pregnancy was planned, premenstrual syndrome, and family support about current pregnancy. Conclusion: The potential risk factors for anxiety and depression in pregnancy can be investigated in terms of a biopsychosocial perspective. In this study, it was pointed out that there are significant relationships among biological, economical, psychosocial factors and anxiety- depression in pregnancy.

References

  • 1. Da Costa D, Larouche J, Dritsa M, Brender W. Variations in stress levels over the course of pregnancy: factors associated with elevated hassles, state anxiety and pregnancy-specific stress. J Psychosom Res 1999; 47: 609-21.
  • 2. Bitzer J, Alder J. Sexuality during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Sex Education Therapy 2000; 25: 149-58.
  • 3. Ahluwalia YK, Meyer . Psychiatric disorders. In: Gleicher N, editor. Principles and practice of medical therapy in pregnancy 2nd edition, California, Appleton and Lange 1992.
  • 4. Andersson L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Bixo M, Wulff M, Bondestam K, åStröm M. Point prevalence of psychiatric disorders during the second trimester of pregnancy: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189: 148-54.
  • 5. Chung TK, Lau TK, Yip AS, Chiu HF, Lee DT. Antepartum depressive symptomatology is associated with adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Psychosom Med 2001; 63: 830-34.
  • 6. Gorman LL, O’Hara MW, Figueiredo B, Hayes S, Jacquemain F, Kammerer MH, Klier CM, Rosi S, Seneviratne G, Sutter-Dallay AL; TCS-PND Group. Adaptation of the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders for assessing depression in women during pregnancy and post-partum across countries and cultures. Br J Psychiatr Suppl 2004; 184: 17-23.
  • 7. Josefsson A, Berg G, Nordin C, Sydsjö G. Prevalence of depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 251-55.
  • 8. Limlomwongse N, Liabsuetrakul T. Cohort study of depressive moods in Thai women during late pregnancy and 6-8 weeks of postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Arch Womens Ment Health 2006; 9: 131-38.
  • 9. Marcus SM, Flynn HA, Blow FC, Barry KL. Depressive symptoms among pregnant women screened in obstetrics settings. Womens Health 2003; 12: 373-80.
  • 10. Heron J, O'Connor TG, Evans J, Golding J, Glover V; ALSPAC Study Team. The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample. J Affect Disord 2004; 80: 65-73.
  • 11. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Does antenatal screening for psychosocial risk factors predict postnatal depression? A follow-up study of 154 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 51-5.
  • 12. Luke S, Salihu HM, Alio AP, Mbah AK, Jeffers D, Berry EL, Mishkit VR. Risk factors for major antenatal depression among lowincome African American women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009; 18: 1841–46.
  • 13. Correia LL, Linhares MB. Maternal anxiety in the pre- and postnatal period: a literature review. Rev Latino Am Enfermagem 2007; 15: 677-83.
  • 14. Felice E, Saliba J, Grech V, Cox J, Calleja N. Antenatal psychiatric morbidity in Maltese women. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2007; 29: 501-5.
  • 15. O’Hara MW. Social support, life events, and depression during pregnancy and the puerperium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43: 569-73.
  • 16. Şirin A, Gözüyeşil EY. Gebe kadınlarda depresyon durumuBAYT Bilimsel Araştırmalar Basın Yayın ve Tanıtım 1. Baskı. Ankara: .
  • 4. Uluslararası Üreme Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Kongresi Kitabı. 2005: 252. 17. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Antenatal psychosocial risk factors and depression among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged suburbs in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 45-50.
  • 18. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Does antenatal screening for psychosocial risk factors predict postnatal depression? A follow-up study of 154 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 51-5.
  • 19. Bowen A, Muhajarine N. Antenatal depression. Can Nurse 2006; 102: 26-30.
  • 20. Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 1977; 26: 280-7.
  • 21. Lteif Y, Kesrouani A, Richa S. Depressive syndromes during pregnancy: prevalence and risk factors. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod. Paris: 2005; 34: 262-9.
  • 22. Faisal-Cury A, Rossi Menezes P. Prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in a private setting sample. Arch Womens Ment Health 2007; 10(1):25-32.
  • 23. Grube M. Inpatient treatment of women with postpartum psychiatric disorders the role of the male partners. Arch Womens Ment Health 2005; 8: 163-70.
  • 24. Gausia K, Fisher C, Ali M, Oosthuizen J. Antenatal depression and suicidal ideation among rural Bangladeshi women: a communitybased study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2009; 12: 351-8.
  • 25. Lindahl V, Pearson JL, Colpe L. Prevalence of suicidality during pregnancy and the postpartum. Arch Womens Ment Health 2005; 8: 77-8.
  • 26. Asad N, Karmaliani R, Sullaiman N, Bann CM, McClure EM, Pasha O, Wright LL, Goldenberg RL. Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts among pregnant Pakistani women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010; 89: 1545–51.
  • 27. Beydoun HA, Tamim H, Lincoln AM, Dooley SD, Beydoun MA. Association of physical violence by an intimate partner around the time of pregnancy with inadequate gestational weight gain. Soc Sci Med 2011; 72: 867-73.
  • 28. Modiba LM, Baliki O, Mmalasa R, Reineke P, Nsiki C. Pilot survey of domestic abuse amongst pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in a public hospital in Gauteng Province in South Africa. Midwifery 2011; 27: 872-9.

ANTENATAL DÖNEMDE ANKSİYETE VE DEPRESYONUN GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER

Year 2012, Volume: 9 Issue: 35, 1431 - 1435, 01.07.2012

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma Zekâi Tahir Burak Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Antenatal Polikliniği’ne başvuran gebelerin depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerinin belirlenmesini ve ilişkili etiyolojik faktörlerin tespitini amaçlamaktadır. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Zekâi Tahir Burak Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Antenatal Polikliniği’ne Ekim-Aralık 2010 tarihleri arasında baş- vuran, herhangi bir fiziksel engeli olmayan, gebeliği sırasında psikiyatrik bir hastalık tanısı konmamış ve psikiyatrik bir tedavi görmeyen, normal gebelik takibindeki 174 katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca tüm gebeler doğal yollarla gebe kalmış olup herhangi bir tıbbi hastalığa sahip değillerdir. Katılımcılara kendilerini tanımaya yö- nelik 22 maddelik gebelik kişisel bilgi formu ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği HADÖ uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin %32’sinin anksiyete, %47’sinin depresyon düzeyinin klinik düzeyde anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcının eşinin işinin olup olmaması, maaş düzeyi, daha önceki gebelik sayısı, gebeliğin planlı olup olmadığı, adet öncesi sendromu premenstruel sendrom ve aile desteği bu bulgularla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Gebelik anksiyetesi ve depresyonu için risk oluşturabilecek faktörler biyopsikososyal bir yapı içerisinde görülebilir. Bu çalışmada da ekonomik göstergelerin, biyolojik değişkenlerin ve psikososyal faktörlerin gebelik anksiyete ve depresyonuyla anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olduğu görülmüştür.

References

  • 1. Da Costa D, Larouche J, Dritsa M, Brender W. Variations in stress levels over the course of pregnancy: factors associated with elevated hassles, state anxiety and pregnancy-specific stress. J Psychosom Res 1999; 47: 609-21.
  • 2. Bitzer J, Alder J. Sexuality during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Sex Education Therapy 2000; 25: 149-58.
  • 3. Ahluwalia YK, Meyer . Psychiatric disorders. In: Gleicher N, editor. Principles and practice of medical therapy in pregnancy 2nd edition, California, Appleton and Lange 1992.
  • 4. Andersson L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Bixo M, Wulff M, Bondestam K, åStröm M. Point prevalence of psychiatric disorders during the second trimester of pregnancy: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189: 148-54.
  • 5. Chung TK, Lau TK, Yip AS, Chiu HF, Lee DT. Antepartum depressive symptomatology is associated with adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Psychosom Med 2001; 63: 830-34.
  • 6. Gorman LL, O’Hara MW, Figueiredo B, Hayes S, Jacquemain F, Kammerer MH, Klier CM, Rosi S, Seneviratne G, Sutter-Dallay AL; TCS-PND Group. Adaptation of the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders for assessing depression in women during pregnancy and post-partum across countries and cultures. Br J Psychiatr Suppl 2004; 184: 17-23.
  • 7. Josefsson A, Berg G, Nordin C, Sydsjö G. Prevalence of depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 251-55.
  • 8. Limlomwongse N, Liabsuetrakul T. Cohort study of depressive moods in Thai women during late pregnancy and 6-8 weeks of postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Arch Womens Ment Health 2006; 9: 131-38.
  • 9. Marcus SM, Flynn HA, Blow FC, Barry KL. Depressive symptoms among pregnant women screened in obstetrics settings. Womens Health 2003; 12: 373-80.
  • 10. Heron J, O'Connor TG, Evans J, Golding J, Glover V; ALSPAC Study Team. The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample. J Affect Disord 2004; 80: 65-73.
  • 11. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Does antenatal screening for psychosocial risk factors predict postnatal depression? A follow-up study of 154 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 51-5.
  • 12. Luke S, Salihu HM, Alio AP, Mbah AK, Jeffers D, Berry EL, Mishkit VR. Risk factors for major antenatal depression among lowincome African American women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009; 18: 1841–46.
  • 13. Correia LL, Linhares MB. Maternal anxiety in the pre- and postnatal period: a literature review. Rev Latino Am Enfermagem 2007; 15: 677-83.
  • 14. Felice E, Saliba J, Grech V, Cox J, Calleja N. Antenatal psychiatric morbidity in Maltese women. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2007; 29: 501-5.
  • 15. O’Hara MW. Social support, life events, and depression during pregnancy and the puerperium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43: 569-73.
  • 16. Şirin A, Gözüyeşil EY. Gebe kadınlarda depresyon durumuBAYT Bilimsel Araştırmalar Basın Yayın ve Tanıtım 1. Baskı. Ankara: .
  • 4. Uluslararası Üreme Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Kongresi Kitabı. 2005: 252. 17. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Antenatal psychosocial risk factors and depression among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged suburbs in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 45-50.
  • 18. Edwards B, Galletly C, Semmler-Booth T, Dekker G. Does antenatal screening for psychosocial risk factors predict postnatal depression? A follow-up study of 154 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2008; 42: 51-5.
  • 19. Bowen A, Muhajarine N. Antenatal depression. Can Nurse 2006; 102: 26-30.
  • 20. Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 1977; 26: 280-7.
  • 21. Lteif Y, Kesrouani A, Richa S. Depressive syndromes during pregnancy: prevalence and risk factors. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod. Paris: 2005; 34: 262-9.
  • 22. Faisal-Cury A, Rossi Menezes P. Prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in a private setting sample. Arch Womens Ment Health 2007; 10(1):25-32.
  • 23. Grube M. Inpatient treatment of women with postpartum psychiatric disorders the role of the male partners. Arch Womens Ment Health 2005; 8: 163-70.
  • 24. Gausia K, Fisher C, Ali M, Oosthuizen J. Antenatal depression and suicidal ideation among rural Bangladeshi women: a communitybased study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2009; 12: 351-8.
  • 25. Lindahl V, Pearson JL, Colpe L. Prevalence of suicidality during pregnancy and the postpartum. Arch Womens Ment Health 2005; 8: 77-8.
  • 26. Asad N, Karmaliani R, Sullaiman N, Bann CM, McClure EM, Pasha O, Wright LL, Goldenberg RL. Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts among pregnant Pakistani women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010; 89: 1545–51.
  • 27. Beydoun HA, Tamim H, Lincoln AM, Dooley SD, Beydoun MA. Association of physical violence by an intimate partner around the time of pregnancy with inadequate gestational weight gain. Soc Sci Med 2011; 72: 867-73.
  • 28. Modiba LM, Baliki O, Mmalasa R, Reineke P, Nsiki C. Pilot survey of domestic abuse amongst pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in a public hospital in Gauteng Province in South Africa. Midwifery 2011; 27: 872-9.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Suphi Tunç This is me

Okan Yenicesu This is me

Esra Çakar This is me

Halil Özcan This is me

Serkan Pekçetin This is me

Nuri Danışman This is me

Publication Date July 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 9 Issue: 35

Cite

Vancouver Tunç S, Yenicesu O, Çakar E, Özcan H, Pekçetin S, Danışman N. ANTENATAL DÖNEMDE ANKSİYETE VE DEPRESYONUN GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER. JGON. 2012;9(35):1431-5.