Cizvit Misyon Stratejileri ve Etkileri: Japonya ve Yeni Fransa'nın Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışması (16. - 18. Yüzyıllar)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 164 - 173, 03.07.2025

Yasemin Gültekin

https://doi.org/10.21551/jhf.1719558

Öz

Bu çalışma, Cizvit misyonerlik faaliyetlerinin Japonya (16.–17. yüzyıllar) ve Yeni Fransa (17.–18. yüzyıllar) coğrafyalarındaki uygulamalarını karşılaştırmalı bir perspektiften ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Farklı kültürel, siyasal ve dini bağlamlarda şekillenen bu iki misyon deneyimi, Cizvitlerin yerli toplumlarla kurduğu ilişkiler, uyguladığı kültürel adaptasyon stratejileri ve Hristiyanlaştırma süreçlerindeki yöntemler bakımından önemli farklılıklar ve benzerlikler göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel amacı, Cizvit misyonerlerin karşılaştıkları sosyal yapılar ve güç dengeleri doğrultusunda geliştirdikleri taktiksel uyum stratejilerini analiz ederek, misyonerlik faaliyetlerinin yerel toplumlar üzerindeki etkilerini anlamaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş; misyoner mektupları, seyahatnameler, resmi raporlar ve ikincil literatür gibi tarihsel belgeler kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalı tarihsel analiz yöntemiyle, hem Japonya'daki feodal yapı ve dini hoşgörüsüzlük ortamında, hem de Yeni Fransa'daki görece esnek sömürge düzeninde Cizvitlerin izlediği yol haritaları çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, Cizvit misyonlarının yalnızca dini değil, aynı zamanda sosyo-politik bir işlev üstlendiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, misyonerlik tarihine kültürlerarası ilişkiler bağlamında eleştirel bir katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cizvitler , Japonya , Misyonerlik Faaliyetleri , Toplumsal Yapı , Yeni Fransa

Jesuit Mission Strategies and Their Impact: A Comparative Study of Japan and New France (16th - 18th Centuries)

Öz

This study aims to examine the practices of Jesuit missionary activities in the geographies of Japan (16th–17th centuries) and New France (17th–18th centuries) from a comparative perspective. These two mission experiences, which took shape in different cultural, political and religious contexts, show significant differences and similarities in terms of the relations established by the Jesuits with the local societies, the cultural adaptation strategies they implemented and the methods in the Christianization processes. In this context, the main purpose of the study is to understand the effects of missionary activities on local societies by analyzing the tactical adaptation strategies developed by the Jesuit missionaries in line with the social structures and balances of power they encountered. The qualitative research method was adopted in the study; historical documents such as missionary letters, travel books, official reports and secondary literature were used as sources. With the comparative historical analysis method, the road maps followed by the Jesuits were analyzed both in the feudal structure and religious intolerance environment in Japan and in the relatively flexible colonial order in New France. The findings obtained reveal that the Jesuit missions undertook not only a religious but also a socio-political function. The study aims to make a critical contribution to missionary history in the context of intercultural relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Japan , Jesuits , Missionary Activities , New France , Social Structure

Kaynakça

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