Laktasyon döneminde beslenme: Enerji ve Makro Besin Öğeleri

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 37 - 46, 29.02.2020

Zeliha UÇAR Hande ONGÜN YILMAZ

Abstract

Doğum gerçekleştikten sonra süt salımı ile başlayan dönem laktasyon dönemi olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Anne ve bebek sağlığı açısından hassas bir dönem olan laktasyon döneminde, emziren annenin yeterli, dengeli ve sağlıklı beslenmesi anne ve bebek sağlığı için çok önemlidir. Laktasyon döneminde; annenin beslenme durumu ve alışkanlıkları, bebeğin sağlığını, optimum büyümesini ve gelecekteki metabolik hastalıklarını etkilemektedir. Annenin beslenmesi uzun dönemde anne sütünü etkilerken, kısa dönemde anne sütünü etkilememektedir. Laktasyon döneminde annenin tükettiği enerji miktarının arttırılması önerilmektedir. Makro besin öğelerinin (karbonhidrat, protein ve yağ) yeterli ve dengeli tüketimi sağlanmalıdır. Günlük alınması gereken makro besin öğelerinin oranları yetişkin bireyler ile benzerdir. Anne ve bebek için hassas olan laktasyon döneminde sağlık riski gelişimini önlemek için enerji, makro ve mikro besin öğelerini yeterli miktarda içeren beslenme örüntüsü planlanmalı, su tüketimi ve sık emzirmenin süt verimi açısından önemi vurgulanmalıdır. Bu derlemede; yeterli ve dengeli beslenmenin temelini oluşturan enerji ve makro besin ögelerinin laktasyon döneminde tüketim miktarı ve önemi literatüre dayalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Beslenme, Laktasyon, Karbonhidrat, Protein, Yağ

Nutrition in Lactation: Energy and Macro Nutrients

Abstract

After birth, the period beginning with milk release is called the lactation period. Adequate, balanced, and healthy nutrition of the breastfeeding mother is very important for the health of mother and baby, during lactation, which is a sensitive period for mother and baby health. During lactation, maternal nutritional status and habits affect the baby's health, optimal growth, and future metabolic diseases. Maternal nutrition affects breastmilk in the long term but does not affect breastmilk in the short term. It is recommended to increase the amount of energy consumed by the mother during lactation. Adequate and balanced consumption of macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) should be ensured. The proportion of macronutrients that need to be taken daily is similar to that of adult individuals. To prevent the development of health risk during lactation, which is sensitive to mother and baby, energy, macro, and micronutrients should be planned in a sufficient amount of nutritional patterns, water consumption, and the importance of frequent breastfeeding in terms of milk yield should be emphasized. In this review, the amount and importance of energy and macronutrients, which constitute the basis of adequate and balanced nutrition during the lactation period, are evaluated based on the literature.

Keywords

Nutrition, Lactation, Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat

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