COVID-19 Aşıları Hakkında Kapsamlı Bir İnceleme: Geliştirme, Etkinlik, Güvenlik ve Bağışıklık

Abstract

Keywords

• COVID-19 Aşıları
• COVID-19 Güçlendirici Aşılar
• Pfizer-BioNTech
• Moderna
• Bivalent Aşı
• Monovalent Aşı
• mRNA; aşı etkinliği; SARS-CoV-2

Supporting Institution

uygulanamaz

Ethical Statement

Yayıncılıkta Etik Beyanı Tüm ortak yazarlar adına, gönderdiğimiz makalenin yayıncılıkta etik ilkelere uygun olduğunu beyan ederim. Başlık: COVID-19 Aşıları: Geliştirme, Etkinlik, Güvenlik ve Bağışıklık Konusunda Kapsamlı Bir İnceleme. Tüm yazarlar aşağıdakileri kabul eder: Bu makale (inceleme makalesi) tamamen orijinal çalışmaları temsil eder ve/veya başkalarının çalışmaları ve/veya sözleri kullanılmışsa, bunların uygun şekilde alıntılanmış veya kaynak gösterilmiş ve gerekli durumlarda izin alınmış olduğunu. Bu materyalin tamamı veya bir kısmı başka bir yerde yayınlanmamıştır. Makale şu anda başka bir dergide yayınlanmak üzere değerlendirilmemektedir. Yazma sürecinde üretken yapay zeka ve yapay zeka destekli teknolojiler kullanılmamıştır veya kullanılmışsa, makalede yapay zeka ve yapay zeka destekli teknolojilerin kullanımı açıklanmış ve yayınlanan çalışmada bir açıklama yer alacaktır. Üretken yapay zeka ve yapay zeka destekli teknolojiler, görüntüleri oluşturmak veya değiştirmek için kullanılmamıştır; ancak, bu tür kullanımların araştırma tasarımının bir parçası olarak özel olarak kullanılması durumunda, yöntemler bölümünde tekrarlanabilir bir şekilde açıklanmalıdır. Tüm yazarlar, makaleye yol açan önemli çalışmalara kişisel ve aktif olarak katılmışlardır ve içeriğinden ortak ve bireysel olarak sorumlu olacaklardır.

Thanks

Bu makale başka bir yerde yayınlanmamıştır ve herhangi bir bölümü de yayınlanmamıştır. Ayrıca başka bir dergi tarafından da değerlendirilmemektedir. Ayrıca, herhangi bir çıkar çatışması olmadığını beyan ederiz. Zaman ayırıp incelediğiniz için teşekkür ederiz. Sizden haber bekliyoruz! Saygılarımla, ________Hashi Ehsan _____________ Dr. Hashimul Ehsan (Doktora) Biyoloji Doçenti Biyoloji Bölümü, Texas A & M Üniversitesi, Victoria, 3007, N Ben Wilson, Victoria, TX, ABD E-posta: [e-mail] TEL: [361]-570-4289 FAKS: [361]-580-5507

A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19 Vaccines: Development, Efficacy, Safety, and Immunity

Abstract

The coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic has prompted an urgent global effort to develop and distribute safe and effective vaccines to mitigate the impact of the disease. This article provides a comprehensive review of COVID-19 vaccines, encompassing the current understanding of their development, efficacy, and safety based on up-to-date research findings. The review begins with an overview of the different types of COVID-19 vaccines and the process of their development and regulatory approval. It then delves into the efficacy of these vaccines, examining data from different sources, as well as factors influencing their effectiveness. Safety profiles, including common and rare adverse events, are also discussed, along with considerations for different populations. The article explores immunological responses and vaccine mechanisms, shedding light on vaccine-induced immunity and the impact of emerging variants of concern. Additionally, it addresses challenges related to vaccine distribution, coverage, and hesitancy, emphasizing the global disparities in access and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy. Finally, the article explores emerging research areas and future directions, such as the durability of immune responses, the need for booster doses, and the development of vaccines adapted to emerging variants. This comprehensive review serves to inform public health strategies, policy decisions, and future research endeavors in the ongoing battle against COVID-19.

Keywords

• COVID-19 Vaccines
• COVID-19 Boosters
• Pfizer-BioNTech
• Moderna
• Bivalent Vaccine
• Monovalent Vaccine

Supporting Institution

Not Applicable

Ethical Statement

Ethics in Publishing Statement I testify on behalf of all co-authors that our article submitted followed ethical principles in publishing. Title: A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19 Vaccines: Development, Efficacy, Safety, and Immunity. All authors agree that: This manuscript ( review article) represents entirely original works and or if work and/or words of others have been used, that this has been appropriately cited or quoted and permission has been obtained where necessary. This material has not been published in whole or in part elsewhere. The manuscript is not currently being considered for publication in another journal. That generative AI and AI-assisted technologies have not been utilized in the writing process or if used, disclosed in the manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies and a statement will appear in the published work. That generative AI and AI-assisted technologies have not been used to create or alter images unless specifically used as part of the research design where such use must be described in a reproducible manner in the methods section. All authors have been personally and actively involved in substantive work leading to the manuscript and will hold themselves jointly and individually responsible for its content. Corresponding author’s name: Hashimul Ehsan Date: 09/26/2025

Thanks

This manuscript has not been published elsewhere, nor has any part of it. It is also not under consideration by any other journal. Additionally, we declare that there are no competing interests. Thank you for your time and consideration. We look forward to hearing back from you! Sincere thanks, ________Hashi Ehsan _____________ Dr. Hashimul Ehsan (PhD) Associate Professor of Biology Department of Biology, Texas A & M University, Victoria, 3007, N Ben Wilson, Victoria, TX, USA E-mail: [e-mail] TEL: [361]-570-4289 FAX: [361]-580-5507

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